Si中30度部分位错弯结运动特性的分子模拟

首先使用分子动力学方法(MD)得出了左弯结(LK)和右弯结(RK)在不同温度和剪应力作用下的速度特性和运动过程.然后利用基于紧束缚势(TB)的nudged elastic band(NEB)方法计算LK和RK的迁移势垒.由计算结果得出,单个LK或RK的势垒很高,运动速度相对较慢;LK中的多弯结对结构和由RK分解产生的右弯结-重构缺陷(RC)能够加速位错运动;其中,RC能促进30°部分位错更快地迁移.     

一种含SiO2氧化物玻璃的晶化温度-压力依赖关系

 本文应用DTA及X射线衍射法在常压及高压下对一种含SiO₂的锂离子导体玻璃0.3Li₂O-0.67SiO₂-0.03V₂O₅加热时的晶化行为进行了研究。该氧化物玻璃的晶化过程分两个阶段。在常压下，第一晶化过程发生在560 ℃附近，析出相为Li₂O·2SiO₂。对应的晶化温度T_x1随压力的升高发生了急剧的变化。从常压到0.3 GPa，T_x1从560 ℃升高到620 ℃；继续升压时T_x1突然下降，并在0.4 GPa处跌到528 ℃，呈现一个陡峭的峰值。0.4 GPa以上，T_x1随压力的变化则呈常规行为，比较平稳地，大致线性地升高，一直到最高测定压力2 GPa。 本文最后对这些行为的可能原因进行了讨论。     

感受列车加速度

在车辆行驶时,加速度太大使人感觉不舒适,铁路高低不平顺产生垂直加速度,曲线地段设置外轨超高减小横向加速度,加速度大小为线路养护提供指导性意义,公路上也是如此．     

SEM法观察原子吸收石墨炉管表面形貌以及分析性能的研究

本文利用扫描电镜观察了自制以及商品化原子吸收石墨管表面在使用期间的形貌变化,并对不同石墨管材料对分析性能的影响进行了讨论,从扫描电镜图片上观察到了一些有意义的现象。     

Homoisoflavonoids profiling of Ophiopogon japonicus by off‐line coupling high‐speed countercurrent chromatography with high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector‒quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry

Roots of Ophiopogon japonicus have been used as a functional food ingredient and traditional Chinese medicine for a long time in China. Homoisoflavonoids are one of the major kinds of bioactive compounds in O. japonicus; however, literature data about its homoisoflavonoids profile are scarce because of the complex ingredients with low abundance. Here, homoisoflavonoid fraction was prepared by petroleum ether extraction. Then, a high‐speed countercurrent chromatography off‐line coupling with high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector?quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry was developed for systematic identification of homoisoflavonoids. After that, 39 homoisoflavonoids, including 29 homoisoflavanone and 10 homoisoflavone, were unambiguously or tentatively identified, while 12 of them were reported in O. japonicus for the first time. Finally, eight available homoisoflavonoids were sensitively, precisely, and accurately determined by standard calibration curves, with limit of detection and limit of quantification in the range of 0.05–0.30 μg/mL and 0.12–0.66 μg/mL, relative standard deviation less than 7.3% for intra‐ and interday variations, and recovery at 94.5–105.2%. Collectively, our developed method is efficient, reliable, and valuable to profile chemical components of complex natural products.     

Co~(2+)/Dy~(3+)掺杂纳米立方Fe_3O_4的热还原制备及磁靶向滞留性能

采用热还原沉淀法制备了一系列Co~(2+)/Dy~(3+)掺杂的纳米立方MxFe3-xO4磁性颗粒.利用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计研究了不同含量掺杂离子对MxFe3-xO4晶体结构、形貌及磁性的影响.研究发现,掺杂未改变母体的对称性,但母体形貌逐渐从立方体向球体过渡;Co~(2+)和Dy~(3+)的掺杂对于铁氧体磁学性质的影响明显不同,当Co~(2+)实际掺杂量为0.44和Dy~(3+)实际掺杂量为0.05时,MxFe3-xO4立方磁性粒子的饱和磁化强度(Ms)达到最大值,分别为76.65和70.21 A·m2·kg-1.与超顺磁性Fe_3O_4球体相比,高磁性掺杂Fe_3O_4立方体在体外模拟磁流体磁靶向定位实验中显示出较高的滞留率.     

肾小球滤过率活体实时监测荧光示踪剂的研究进展

急性肾损伤是一种临床常见的急性疾病. 通过外源性的荧光示踪剂对肾小球滤过率进行非侵入性的实时监测, 对于及时了解易患病人的肾脏功能具有重要的临床价值和应用前景. 本文综合评述了用于活体检测肾小球滤过率的外源性荧光示踪剂的近期研究进展, 重点介绍了荧光示踪剂的设计策略及其活体成像应用效果, 并对相应检测装置的发展进行了阐述, 同时对该领域的挑战与发展前景进行了展望.     

Titanium‐promoted Intramolecular Photoenolization/Diels–Alder Reaction to Construct Polycyclic Terpenoids: Formal Synthesis of Mycoleptodiscin A

A titanium‐promoted intramolecular photoenolization/Diels–Alder (PEDA) reaction was developed to construct the core skeleton of aromatic polycyclic terpenoids bearing an all‐carbon quaternary center on the benzylic position. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide [Ti(Oi‐Pr)₄] plays a key role during the photo cycloaddition, which may help to accelerate the interaction between dienophile and the stereo‐hindered diene species as well as control the diastereoselectivity. This photolysis provides a new solution for the stereospecific formation core structures of aromatic abietane diterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, which have multiple functional groups for the further transformations. As a synthetic application, it was successfully used in the synthesis of indolosesquiterpenoid mycoleptodiscin A.     

锰离子催化B-Z反应的E-t图及浓度曲线

本文利用实验中得到的电动势随时间变化的E-t图,研究了体系中Mn²⁺,Br^-离子浓度的振荡行为。发现二者在平面上随时间变化的轨迹不宜用二维的极限环理抡来解释,这说明描述体系的振荡行为的极限环至少是三维空间的一条闭轨线,并用xy函数记录仪,观察了极限环在平面上的投影线,探计了反应机理,并推测其模型。