磁性碳纳米管吸附去除水中甲基橙的研究

采用高温催化裂解法制备碳纳米管,对其用浓硝酸氧化法进行纯化处理,并用化学共沉淀方法制备了磁性碳纳米管(简称磁性管)。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜对磁性管进行了表征。将磁分离技术应用于碳纳米管吸附性能研究,探索碳纳米管负载磁性颗粒后对甲基橙的吸附性能,寻找最佳实验条件,对吸附质溶液进行紫外-可见吸收光谱分析。同时,进行了磁性管的脱附和再吸附性能研究。     

反射式负电子亲和势GaN光电阴极的光电发射及稳定性研究

利用在线多信息紫外光电阴极激活评估系统,测试了真空室内两个GaN 光电阴极Cs,O激活后及衰减6 h和18 h后补Cs的光谱响应特性曲线和量子效率曲线;并绘制了光纤光源波长为300 nm的光电阴极响应电流衰减变化曲线.实验结果证明,GaN 光电阴极较GaAs阴极具有更好的稳定性,量子效率可保持相对稳定达10 h,然后缓慢衰减,衰减速率较窄禁带半导体材料低得多.补Cs后光电流最大值较刚激活完有16.8%的增长,这充分证明阴极表面量子效率衰减的原因是Cs的脱附,而不是O的吸附.这些现象可由双偶极层模型来解释, 关键词： 光学 光电阴极 量子效率 稳定性     

大气压等离子体针产生空气均匀放电特性研究

大气压空气放电由于脱离了真空装置,易于实现流水线生产,因而在工业上具有广泛的应用. 采用等离子体针装置在空气中产生了稳定的大气压均匀放电. 利用光谱法对等离子体的相关参数进行了空间分辨率测量,并通过光学方法对放电机理进行了研究. 结果表明,等离子体针产生的放电存在电晕放电和等离子体羽放电两种模式. 在稳定的等离子体羽放电模式中,发光分为强光区和弱光区. 弱光区放电的发展速度远大于强光区的发展速度,电子能量和电子密度均是弱光区比强光区大. 对均匀放电的气体温度和振动温度的研究表明,强光区放电遵循汤生击穿机理而弱光区为流光放电. 这些结果对大气压空气放电的工业应用具有重要意义. 关键词： 大气压均匀放电 等离子体针 发射光谱 放电机理     

Theoretical and experimental study of laser induced damage on GaAs by nanosecond pulsed irradiation

The surface damage experiments of gallium arsenide (GaAs) single crystal irradiated by 1.06 and 0.53 μm nanosecond irradiations are carried out with fundamental and frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, respectively. The surface damage thresholds for both wavelengths are experimentally determined and the damaged morphologies and elementary component are analyzed with electron probe microanalyzer (EPM). It is found that the components of Ga and As almost keep constant in our experiments when the irradiated fluence is just around the surface damage threshold and no oxygen is found at all. The theoretical calculations on temperature rise for both wavelengths are carried out using the purely thermal model. It is shown that for irradiation with photon energy above the corresponding band gap the theoretical calculation is in good agreement with the experimental results; however, for that with photon energy just below the band gap, the experimental results cannot be effectively explained by the purely thermal heating mechanism. Combining with the experiment of multi-shot damage from references we finally conclude that the damage by laser irradiation with photon energy below the band gap should be explained by the micro-defect accumulation and consequently enhanced absorption heating mechanism.     

Spectral narrowing and manipulation in an optical parametric oscillator using periodically poled lithium niobate electro-optic polarization-mode converters

We report a unique spectral narrowing and manipulation technique in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) realized by an integrated periodically poled lithium niobate comprising an optical parametric gain medium sandwiched by two electro-optic polarization-mode converters (EO PMCs). We achieved a manipulation of the gain spectrum of the OPO via EO and/or temperature control of the EO PMCs, in which we obtained single to multiple signal spectral peaks from the OPO with a spectral width reduced by up to 10 times and peak intensity increased by up to 6 times in comparison with the original signal. Fast EO tuning of the narrowed signal spectral peak has also been demonstrated.     

Nanostructured gradient-index antireflection diffractive optics

We describe the fabrication and characterization of a nanostructured diffractive element with near-zero reflection losses. In this element, subwavelength nanostructures emulating adiabatic index matching are integrated on the surface of a diffractive microstructure to suppress reflected diffraction orders. The fabricated silicon grating exhibits reflected efficiencies that are suppressed by 2 orders of magnitude over broad wavelength bands and wide incident angles. Theoretical models of the fabricated structure based on rigorous coupled-wave analysis and effective medium theory are in agreement with the experimental data. The proposed principles can be applied to improve the performance of any diffractive structures, potentially leading to more efficient Fresnel lenses, holographic elements, and integrated optical systems.     

Highly sensitive miniature photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor based on mode field excitation

A highly sensitive miniature photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor based on field mode excitation is presented. The sensor is fabricated by melting one end of a photonic crystal fiber into a rounded tip and splicing and collapsing the other end with a single-mode fiber. The rounded tip is able to induce cladding mode excitation, which resulted in an additional phase delay. Linear response of 262.28 nm/refractive index unit in the refractive index range of 1.337 to 1.395 is obtained for the physical length of a 953 μm sensor. The sensor is also shown to be insensitive to environmental temperature.     

A rehabilitation training system with double-CCD camera and automatic spatial positioning technique

This study aimed to develop a computer game for machine vision integrated rehabilitation training system. The main function of the system is to allow users to conduct hand grasp-and-place movement through machine vision integration. Images are captured by a double-CCD camera, and then positioned on a large screen. After defining the right, left, upper, and lower boundaries of the captured images, an automatic spatial positioning technique is employed to obtain their correlation functions, and lookup tables are defined for cameras. This system can provide rehabilitation courses and games that allow users to exercise grasp-and-place movements, in order to improve their upper limb movement control, trigger trunk control, and balance training.     

Investigation of surface plasmon biosensing using gold nanoparticles enhanced ellipsometry

We present a label-free, nondestructive and high sensitivity biosensor by using the phase information of a gold nanoparticles enhanced ellipsometry signal. The refractive index (RI) resolution from ellipsometric phase information is of the order of 1.6×10(-6) RI units. Furthermore, spectroscopic and dynamic measurements show substantial change in the phase signal when biomolecules are coated on gold nanoparticles. The detection limit of our proposed technique is up to ～18?pM concentration of the target biomolecules.     

Optical phase modulators using deformable waveguides actuated by micro-electro-mechanical systems

An optical phase modulator is presented by using micro-electro-mechanical systems to actuate deformable silicon waveguides. Via mechanically stretching the waveguide length, the optical path is extended, resulting in a phase shift. The experimental results show that a phase shift of near 0.4π is achieved at 200 V for both TE- and TM-polarized waves by cascading six phase modulation units, agreeing well with the theoretical prediction. The power consumption is estimated to be smaller than 0.2 mW at 200 V, mainly resulting from the leakage current.