Synthesis and Biological Activities of Diosgenin-Triazole Conjugates with a 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A novel series of diosgenin-triazole conjugates (10a–d, 11a–c, 12a–c, 13a–c) was designed and synthesized as antifungal agents by using a...     

Light intensity distribution of a new type of contact laser scalpel

The emergent light distribution of a new type of contact laser scalpel is measured in three different states using a light sensor. The relationship between the angle and the light intensity is analyzed. The results show that the strongest light is emitted from two sides and the front of the scalpel. The light from the front mainly plays a role of cutting. The light from two sides contributes to stanch the wound so as to remain a clear visual field during the surgery. It also helps to increase the cutting efficiency.     

Speciation and subcellular location of Se-containing proteins in human liver studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometric detection

Speciation of Se-containing proteins in the subcellular fractions of human liver was studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometric (HG-AFS) detection. It was found that about 24 kinds of Se-containing proteins existed in subcellular fractions of normal human liver. The molecular weights (MW) of the subunits were mostly in the range 20-30 kDa and 50-80 kDa. Major Se-containing protein fractions at 61 kDa and 21 kDa are probably selenoprotein P and glutathione peroxidase, respectively. The 54 kDa protein is probably a thioredoxin reductase, which is presented in nuclei, mitochondria, lysosome, microsome and cytosol. We noticed that the Se-containing protein with the lowest MW of 9.3 kDa only existed in lysosome. Most of the proteins have not been identified and would require further investigation to characterize them. The specific subcellular distributions of different Se-containing proteins suggest that they could play important biological roles in each organelle.     

Molecular assembly of mitogen-activated protein kinase module in ras-transformed NIH3T3 cell line

The ras, is a G-like protein that controls the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway involved in control and differentiation of cell growth. MAPK is a key component of its signaling pathway and the aberrant activation may play an important role in the transformation process. To better understand roles of ras in the activation of MAPKs, we have established ras transformed NIH3T3 fibroblast cell line, and analyzed the MAPK module. The ras transformed cells formed numerous spikes at the edges of cells and showed loss of contact inhibition. The levels of ERK1/2 MAPKs as revealed by Western blot analysis were not significantly different between ras transformed and non-transformed cells. However, phosphorylation of ERK MAPKs and the level of MEK were significantly increased although the heavily expressed level of Raf-1, an upstream component of MAPK pathway was unchanged in ras transformed NIH3T3 cells. The sedimentation profile of the MAPK module kinases in a glycerol gradient showed the presence of a rather homogeneous species of multimeric forms of ERK1/2 and MEK as indicated by the narrow distribution peak areas. The broad sedimentation profile of the Raf-1 in a glycerol gradient may suggest possible heterologous protein complexes but the identification of interacting molecules still remains to be identified in order to understand the organization of the MAPK signal transduction pathway.     

Determination of berberine in Rhizoma coptidis and its preparations by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis

A non-aqueous capillary electrophoretic method was established for the determination of berberine in Rhizoma coptidis and its preparations. The effects of organic solvent and the concentrations of sodium acetate were studied, which showed that berberine in extracts of traditional Chinese medicine can be separated successfully in a buffer solution of 75 mmol/L of sodium acetate in methanol containing 1 mol/L of acetic acid. The simple and rapid method was linear in the range 25-200 microgram/mL of berberine and had a good reproducibility, with the relative standard deviation below 2%. Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis is a satisfactory system for the analysis of alkaloids in traditional Chinese medicine.     

Sm2-xCexCuO4的物性研究

制备了Sm2-xCexCuO4的多晶样品.X-射线粉末衍射结果表明,该系列样品为K2NiF4214结构,当0.090.17时,为T'相.电阻率测量在0.15,0.17,0.19样品上观测到超导转变.最高Tc对应于x=0.17为13.6K,均远低于(Pr0.8La1.2)1.85Ce1.2CuO4 的超导转变温度(30K).这是由于该系列样品在远高于超导转变温度时就存在更强的载流子局域化效应.磁化率测量结果表明x=0.17的样品为体超导.该体系样品的Tc低、抗磁信号小与载流子的强局域化效应有关.热电势测量结果表明,在最佳超导组份附近斜率改变符号,欠掺杂区域载流子为电子型,过掺杂区域载流子为空穴型.     

A partition coefficient calculation method with the SFED model

The Solvation Free Energy Density (SFED) model, a solvation model proposed by No et al. was modified to give better solvation free energies of the molecules having high polarizable groups. The SFED at a point around the molecule was represented by a linear combination of four basis functions, the contribution from the cavitation free energy of a solvent, and a constant. As an application of the SFED model, the linear expansion coefficients of the Hydration Free Energy Density (HFED) and the 1-Octanol Free Energy Density (1-OFED) were determined. Both calculated hydration free energy and 1-octanol solvation free energy of selected 95 organic molecules agreed well with experimental values. The standard errors were 0.47 and 0.39 kcal/mol, respectively. 1-Octanol/water partition coefficients (P) of the molecules were calculated from the difference of the HFE and 1-OFE of the molecules. At the same time, the logP density (LPD) of a molecule was represented by the same basis functional form with the SFED model. The logP of a molecule can be obtained by the integration of the LPD of the molecule. The coefficients of the basis functions were determined by using experimental logP as constraints through an optimization procedure. Both logPs calculated from the free energy difference and from the LPD agreed well with the experimental data. The absolute mean errors were obtained as 0.34 and 0.32, respectively.     

Measurement of nonrandom event-by-event fluctuations of average transverse momentum in square root of (sNN)=200 GeV Au+Au and p+p collisions

Event-by-event fluctuations of the average transverse momentum of produced particles near midrapidity have been measured by the PHENIX Collaboration in square root of (sNN)=200 GeV Au+Au, and p+p collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The fluctuations are observed to be in excess of the expectation for statistically independent particle emission for all centralities. The excess fluctuations exhibit a dependence on both the centrality of the collision and on the pT range over which the average is calculated. Both the centrality and pT dependence can be well reproduced by a simulation of random particle production with the addition of contributions from hard-scattering processes.     

Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases formed in an ionic liquid

Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases of an amphiphilic block copolymer are constructed and characterized in an ionic liquid with comparison of component and temperature effects.     

Midrapidity neutral-pion production in proton-proton collisions at square root s = 200 GeV

The invariant differential cross section for inclusive neutral-pion production in p+p collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV has been measured at midrapidity (|eta|<0.35) over the range 1相似文献