全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2407篇 |
免费 | 74篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1957篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 30篇 |
数学 | 235篇 |
物理学 | 264篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 34篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 39篇 |
2019年 | 35篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 58篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 56篇 |
2013年 | 128篇 |
2012年 | 154篇 |
2011年 | 177篇 |
2010年 | 114篇 |
2009年 | 104篇 |
2008年 | 177篇 |
2007年 | 166篇 |
2006年 | 133篇 |
2005年 | 162篇 |
2004年 | 153篇 |
2003年 | 113篇 |
2002年 | 128篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 27篇 |
1997年 | 20篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 16篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有2496条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
The interaction of triethylgallium (TEG) with the Ga-stabilized GaAs(100) surface in the presence of In and Al has been investigated using AES (Auger electron spectroscopy), HREELS (high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy) and TDS (thermal desorption spectroscopy) techniques. Al is shown to greatly increase the saturation surface coverage of TEG on the surface and to suppress the desorption of TEG and diethylgallium (DEG). Etching of the surface Al by TEG is observed, resulting in the formation of gas phase Al organic species. Alkyl migration from GA to Al centres occurs, and the presence of Al substantially enhances the irreversible deposition of C. In is found to enhance DEG desorption and to lower the temperature at which absorbed ethyl groups decompose to gas phase ethene. Computer modelling has been carried out to extract kinetic parameters from measured thermal desorption spectra. These parameters are then used to calculate expected partial growth rates of GaAs during the growth of GaxAl1−xAs and GaxIn1−xAs using TEG. The data provide a molecular level understanding of the GaAs pa rtial growth rate variations arising during the deposition of III–V ternary materials. 相似文献
12.
Christabel E. Fowler Catherine Buchber Joël Patarin Alain Walcarius 《Applied Surface Science》2007,253(12):5485-5493
Diatomaceous earth was functionalized by grafting organotrialkoxysilane precursors onto the surface of the porous silica cell walls of this biomineral. Vinyl- and mercapto-containing structures were prepared in aqueous media without disruption of the diatomic architecture. Successful grafting of the organic moieties was confirmed using solid state 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy, and the presence of the intact diatom framework by scanning electron microscopy. The sorption properties of mercaptopropyl-functionalized diatoms towards heavy metals was studied by measuring the accessibility and diffusion rates of mercury(II) species to the binding sites (-SH) by the means of electrochemical methods. 相似文献
13.
Jun Jiao Lifeng Dong Sean Foxley Catherine L Mosher David W Tuggle 《Microscopy and microanalysis》2003,9(6):516-521
In this article, we report a technique for growing carbon nanotubes in a more controllable fashion, which enables us to synthesize nanotubes directly in various forms of designed patterns. This nanofabrication process is based on a combination of focused ion beam (FIB) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques. In this process, arrays of conductive patterns were first deposited on silicon substrates by directing a gaseous compound (C(9)H(16)Pt) via the capillary needle-sized nozzles within a FIB system. The substrates were then coated with catalyst and further modified by the FIB to localize the position of the catalyst. Finally, the growth of carbon nanotubes on the designed substrates was carried out by CVD of hydrocarbon gases. This fabrication technique has the advantage of positioning carbon nanotubes in selected locations. This may open up opportunities for the direct synthesis of carbon nanotubes onto almost any substrate material, thus allowing fabrication of carbon nanotube-based devices. 相似文献
14.
15.
John Cagnol Irena Lasiecka Catherine Lebiedzik Richard Marchand 《Comptes Rendus Mathematique》2006,342(9):711-716
This note is concerned with the non-linear shallow shell model introduced in 1966 by W.T. Koiter, and later studied by M. Bernadou and J.T. Oden. We show the uniqueness of the solution to the dynamical model and that this solution is continuous with respect to the initial data. To cite this article: J. Cagnol et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006). 相似文献
16.
Monika Schuster Robert Inführ Claudia Turecek Jürgen Stampfl Franz Varga Robert Liska 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2006,4(4):843-853
To substitute cross-linked photopolymers in rapid prototyping of mold materials and therefore extend the range of materials
which can be casted, organo-soluble photopolymers were developed. Branched bisalkylacrylamides were suitable as base component
for such formulations, due to their high reactivity, good mechanical properties, and excellent solubility of the formed polymers.
These molding materials were used to prepare cellular biocompatible materials which could be used as bone replacement materials.
Biocompatible crosslinkers based on methacrylates from hydrolyzed gelatine or lactic acid ethyleneglycol blockcopolymers and
commercially available reactive diluents are the base components of such a formulation. Biocompatibility was investigated
by osteoblast-like cells. Cellular biocompatible parts were obtained by thermal polymerization in soluble mould materials
prepared by 3D-photoshaping. 相似文献
17.
18.
Appleby I Boulton LT Cobley CJ Hill C Hughes ML de Koning PD Lennon IC Praquin C Ramsden JA Samuel HJ Willis N 《Organic letters》2005,7(10):1931-1934
Two methods to produce (2S)-5-amino-2-(1-n-propyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-pentanoic acid were investigated. Diastereoisomeric salt resolution, using the quinidine salt, gave the desired intermediate in 98% ee and 33% yield. Asymmetric hydrogenation of various substrates gave high conversions, with up to 83% ee. Integration of these two approaches via asymmetric hydrogenation of a quinidine salt substrate followed by crystallization provided the desired intermediate in 94% ee and 76% yield. 相似文献
19.
20.
Joël J. E. Moreau Luc Vellutini Catherine Bied Michel Wong Chi Man 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2004,32(1-3):63-67
The acid-hydrolysis of an organo-bridged bisdiethoxysilylated molecular precursor bearing urea groups, (EtO)2MeSi(CH2)3NHCONH(CH2)12NHCONH(CH2)3SiMe(OEt)2, has been performed in pure aqueous medium. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the resulting insoluble solid revealed plate-like forms with a lamellar structure as determined by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies with a sharp peak at 28.5 Å. The solid state 29Si MAS-NMR spectrum of this bridged siloxane hybrid is consistent with a moderately condensed material with complete preservation of the Si–C bonds throughout the hybrid network. In comparison, the classical sol–gel hydrolysis-condensation of the molecular precursor in ethanol with stoichiometric amount of water and fluoride anion as catalyst produced an amorphous featureless solid. 相似文献