Investigation of the influence of silver and tin on the luminescence of trivalent europium ions in glass

Europium-doped aluminophosphate glasses prepared by the melt-quenching technique have been studied by photoluminescence (PL) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of silver and tin doping, and of further thermal processing on Eu³⁺ ions luminescence have been assessed. For the glass system containing only europium, Eu³⁺ PL observed under UV excitation is suggested to occur through energy transfer from the excited glass host. After silver and tin doping, an enhanced UV excited Eu³⁺ PL has been indicated to occur essentially due to radiative energy transfer from isolated Ag⁺ ions and/or two fold-coordinated Sn centers. Since thermal processing of the material leads to a quenching effect on Eu³⁺ PL and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) formation due to reduction of silver ions by tin, XPS was employed in order to investigate the possibility for Eu³⁺→Eu²⁺ reduction during HT as a potential source of the PL decrease. The data points towards Ag NPs as main responsible for the observed weakening of Eu³⁺ PL.     

Compact Perturbations of a Strongly Positive Operator

Let X be a real Hilbert space and \(X^{*}\) its dual space. Let A be a strongly positive operator from X to \(X^{*}\). Sufficient conditions are provided to assert that a compact perturbation of A reaches a fixed value at least once and at most finitely many times. When the compact perturbation is linear, the value is reached just once. The same conclusions are obtained when operators map the space X into itself. As an application of our results two examples are given related to some types of integral equations. The proof of results is constructive and is based upon a continuation method.     

Extended centroid and central closure of semiprime normed algebras. a first approach

In this paper, we classify all the multiplicity-free permutation characters of sporadic simple groups and their automorphism groups. This project is an application of the group theory system GAP, its character table library, and its library of tables of marks.     

Closed Prime Ideals in Algebras with Semiprime Multiplication Algebra

Let A be an algebra whose multiplication algebra M(A) is semiprime. We prove that, except in an exceptional case, the proper closed prime ideals of A are the maximal closed ideals of A, for the closure operations π and ?. In fact, these sets agree for both closures. The same can be said in M(A) for the closure operations π and ?′. Moreover, we establish the relationships between the proper closed prime ideals of A and the ones of the algebras M(A),U and A/U, for a given ideal U of A.     

The effect of visual and auditory cues on seat preference in an opera theater

Opera performance conveys both visual and auditory information to an audience, and so opera theaters should be evaluated in both domains. This study investigates the effect of static visual and auditory cues on seat preference in an opera theater. Acoustical parameters were measured and visibility was analyzed for nine seats. Subjective assessments for visual-only, auditory-only, and auditory-visual preferences for these seat positions were made through paired-comparison tests. In the cases of visual-only and auditory-only subjective evaluations, preference judgment tests on a rating scale were also employed. Visual stimuli were based on still photographs, and auditory stimuli were based on binaural impulse responses convolved with a solo tenor recording. For the visual-only experiment, preference is predicted well by measurements taken related to the angle of seats from the theater midline at the center of the stage, the size of the photographed stage view, the visual obstruction, and the distance from the stage. Sound pressure level was the dominant predictor of auditory preference in the auditory-only experiment. In the cross-modal experiments, both auditory and visual preferences were shown to contribute to overall impression, but auditory cues were more influential than the static visual cues. The results show that both a positive visual-only or a positive auditory-only evaluations positively contribute to the assessments of seat quality.     

Thermal analysis of CuMg alloys deformed by equal channel angular pressing

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The thermal behavior of two copper alloys, with 0.2 and 0.5 mass % of Mg, was analyzed after severe plastic deformation processing by Equal Channel...     

Inner derivations on ultraprime normed real algebras

We show that the set of all inner derivations of an ultraprime real Banach algebra is closed within all bounded derivations. More concretely, we show that for such an algebra A there exists a positive number γ (depending only on the “constant of ultraprimeness” of A) satisfying γ ∥ a+Z(A) ∥≦∥ D _a ∥ for all a in A, where Z(A) denotes the centre of A and D _a denotes the inner derivation on A induced by a. This result is an extension of the corresponding complex version obtained by the authors in [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., to appear]. The proof relies on the following theorem: ultraproducts of a family of central ultraprime real Banach algebras with a unit and with constant of ultraprimeness greater than or equal to a fixed positive constant K are central ultraprime Banach algebras with a unit. This fact is obained via a general result for real Banach algebras that reads as follows: If A is a central real Banach algebra with a unit 1, then for every a in A satisfying ∥ 1+a ² ∥<1 we have [1+√1?||1+1a ²||]²≦2(|?l+M _a ||+||D _a ||) where M _a denotes the two-sided multiplication operator by a on A.     

Zel'Manov's Theorem for Primitive Jordan-Banach Algebras

The following result is well known and easy to prove (see [14,Theorem 2.2.6]). Theorem 0. If A is a primitive associative Banach algebra, thenthere exists a Banach space X such that A can be seen as a subalgebraof the Banach algebra BL(X) of all bounded linear operatorson X in such a way that A acts irreducibly on X and the inclusionABL(X) is continuous. In fact, if X is any vector space on which the primitive Banachalgebra A acts faithfully and irreducibly, then X can be convertedin a Banach space in such a way that the requirements in Theorem0 are satisfied and even the inclusion ABL(X) is contractive. Roughly speaking, the aim of this paper is to prove the appropriateJordan variant of Theorem 0.