A splitting algorithm for equilibrium problem given by the difference of two bifunctions

In this paper, we introduce a splitting algorithm for solving equilibrium problems given by the difference of two bifunctions in a real Hilbert space. Under suitable assumptions on component bifunctions, we prove strong convergence of the proposed algorithm. In contrast to most existing projection-type methods for equilibrium problems, our algorithm does not require any convexity or monotonicity conditions on the resulting bifunction. Some numerical experiments and comparisons are given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.     

Pseudochelin A,a siderophore of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida S2040

A new siderophore containing a 4,5-dihydroimidazole moiety was isolated from Pseudoalteromonas piscicida S2040 together with myxochelins A and B, alteramide A and its cycloaddition product, and bromo- and dibromoalterochromides. The structure of pseudochelin A was established by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR and MS/MS fragmentation data. In bioassays selected fractions of the crude extract of S2040 inhibited the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pseudochelin A displayed siderophore activity in the chrome azurol S assay at concentrations higher than 50 μM, and showed weak activity against the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, but did not display antibacterial, anti-inflammatory or anticonvulsant activity.     

繁昌窑址附近多种瓷土成分分析

繁昌窑青白瓷胎体配方工艺一直停留在理论推理阶段，尚未有确凿的测试数据和模拟实验加以证实。为深入探究繁昌窑的胎料配方工艺，选取了繁昌窑址附近的多种瓷土样品进行了测试分析，并采用了古代制瓷工艺进行了模拟烧制。主要运用了波长色散X射线荧光光谱法(WDXRF)、红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）等光谱分析方法对瓷土成分进行测试；借助同步热分析（TG-DSC）对样品烧造温度进行了探索；通过模拟烧制陶瓷样品，对繁昌窑青白瓷的烧制工艺进行了研究，并对烧制的陶瓷样品进行显微结构分析。研究表明，繁昌窑附近的几种瓷土无论是单独制胎还是添加高岭土混合制胎，其烧成温度皆接近古代繁昌窑青白瓷的烧制温度。繁昌窑附近的瓷土是可以作为制作古代青白瓷的原料之一，但由于其中的铝含量较低，不能单独用来制作青白瓷胎体的原料，繁昌窑青白瓷在制作过程中应添加了其他富铝类原料。该研究对探索古代繁昌青白瓷的生产工艺及其蕴含的科学价值，提升繁昌窑在中国陶瓷工艺技术发展史上的地位等具有重要的学术意义，并可为现代陶瓷产业技术改进提供有益启示。     

Dye sensitized solar cells prepared by flames stabilized on a rotating surface

A previously developed flame synthesis method was applied to the preparation of mesoporous titania films for application in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The method combines the synthesis of narrowly sized, ultrafine metal oxide particles with controllable chemical and phase purity and the deposition of these particles into a uniform, porous thin film in a single step. The current work used a series of ethylene–oxygen–argon flames to produce DSSC anode films of wide ranging properties. The performance of the solar cells prepared with these anode films was studied at the fundamental level with respect to variations of the titania crystal phase purity and content resulting from changes primarily from flame stoichiometry changes. Based on the basic relationship established among flame synthesis condition-material property-cell performance, a highly efficient DSSC was designed, which shows photocurrent densities better than some of the best performing cells reported to date. Additional studies have focused on a demonstration of the suitability of the flame process in engineering TiO₂ films structurally and chemically with the potential of further improved DSSC efficiency.     

Efficient Synthesis of Spirooxindole Pyrrolones by a Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation/Carbene Insertion/Lossen Rearrangement Sequence

A rhodium(III)‐catalyzed domino annulation of simple olefins with diazo oxindoles to give spirooxindole pyrrolone products is described. This reaction can be formally viewed as the result of an anomalous tandem C?H activation, carbene insertion, Lossen rearrangement, and a nucleophilic addition process. The potential utility of this reaction was further demonstrated by the late‐stage diversification of drug molecules.