Modelling the cost of poor quality in a five-state part manufacturing operation: a case study

The quality history of individual parts from a critical operation can be modeled by a five-state Markov chain involving factory rework operation, customer inspection and field test, parts scrapped, parts defective but used-as-is by concession or re-graded for alternative applications, and defect-free parts satisfying customer requirements. We estimate total failure cost by a five-state Markov chain model and present a case study to demonstrate relationship of the total failure cost to appraisal and prevention costs.     

Conversion of the frequency of emission of a neodymium laser by the method of resonance pumping of active media

Journal of Applied Spectroscopy -     

Lifetimes of low-lying levels in 18F

Mean lifetimes of levels in ¹⁸F have been measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method and the inverse reaction ³He(¹⁶O, p)¹⁸F. Targets of ³He implanted into Al, Nb, and Au foils were employed in the measurements. The Doppler-broadened lineshapes observed at 0° to the beam were analyzed to obtain the following lifetime values: 0.971 ± 0.030, 0.605 ± 0.029 and 0.435 ± 0.041 ps for the 1.70(1⁺), 2.52(2⁺) and 3.36(3⁺)MeV members of the K^π = 1⁺ rotational band, 5.12 ± 0.56, 0.403 ± 0.018 and 1.91 ± 0.17 ps for the 2.10(2^?), 3.13(1^?) and 3.79(3^?) MeV members of the K^π = 0^? bands, and 〈1.2, 2.7^+4.1_?2.7 and 20 ± 2 fs for the 3.06(2⁺, T = 1), 3.72(1⁺) and 3.84(2⁺) MeV states, respectively.     

Cumulant functions in optical coherence theory

Cumulant functions are introduced to describe the statistical state of a radiation field. These functions are simply related to the optical coherence functions but have some interesting features. It is shown that if the cumulant functions of all orders greater than some numberN ₀ vanish then they also vanish for all orders greater than 2. Thermal field is the only field having this property. This property holds whether the field is described by a classical stochastic process or by a quantum density operator. Further the particular operator ordering used in defining these cumulant functions for the quantized field affects only the second order cumulant function. To describe the statistical state of a vector field such as partially polarized or unpolarized radiation, one would need to introduce cumulant tensors.     

Diffusion of iodine into PE and PET

We show that the Rutherford backscattering technique is very useful for studying the kinetics of diffusion processes in polymers. We have measured the diffusion of iodine into low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by optical absorbance and by Rutherford backscattering. The optical results appear to be normal, and show no electric field dependence, but the backscattering results reveal that this is misleading, because there is fast diffusion in the bulk accompanied by large surface concentrations of iodine. We have studied PET by the backscattering technique, and in this case the behavior corresponds to a weakly concentration-dependent diffusion coefficient with no observable surface effects. Neither set of results gives support to the domain theories of low-frequency electrical oscillation in these materials.     

The low solar neutrino flux: A search for a resonance in 6Be

A study of neutron time-of-flight spectra from the ⁴He(³He, n)⁶ reaction at E_3He = 38.61 MeV, sets a one standard deviation upper limit of 7 μb/sr for the cross section to a possible narrow level near the ³He + ³He threshold.     

Hydrogen-bonded anionic rosette networks assembled with guanidinium and C3-symmetric oxoanion building blocks

Two premeditated anionic rosette-layer architectures have been constructed using guanidinium and ubiquitous C3-symmetric oxoanions that carry unequal charges, employing bulky organic cations as interlayer templates. The undulate guanidinium-carbonate network occurs in 4[(C2H5)4N+].8[C(NH2)3+].3(CO3)2-.3(C2O4)2-.2H2O, in which the disordered (C2H5)4N+ guests are accommodated in pouches and channels within a complex three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded host framework. In [(C2H5)4N+]2.[C(NH2)3+].[1,3,5-C3H3(COO-)3].6H2O, ordered (C2H5)4N+ cations are sandwiched between planar guanidinium-trimesate host layers whose honeycomb cavities are tightly fitted with flattened-chair (H2O)6 clusters of symmetry 2.