流体PVT的对应关系

本文依据对应态原理,提出新定义的对比压缩因子Zr=(1-Z)/(1-ZC)的无量纲交换式和对饱和温度的对比温度Tsr=T/Ts式,并根据两种流体工质对比压力Pr1=Pr2,对比温度Tsr1=Tsr2相等时,Zr1=Zr2相等的原则,导出了从一种已知PVT关系的物质推算它种物质的PVT值的通用方法。用本方法以水为标准物质推算了R12、R131、R134a、C2H4等几种物质在过热气体区、超临界区和液体区比容,计算值与文献实验值的平均偏差小于2,最大偏差小于4%。     

Theoretical Study of Interesting Fine-Structure Splittings Based on a Scenario for Precise Calculations

Based on the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock self-consistent field method, a scenario has been presented to calculate the fine-structure energy levels of C^2＋ and Si^2＋ excited states （31 D2 and 33D1,2,3）. The Breit interactions and quantum electrodynamics corrections are added as perturbations. The present calculation results are found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data. By means of the precise calculation procedure, we elucidate that four competitive mechanisms influence the interesting fine-structure splittings in C^2＋ and Si^2＋, such as spin-orbit interactions, relativistic corrections of exchange interactions, the Breit interactions and electron correlation effects. Furthermore, the mechanism of relativistic correction of exchange interactions has been studied clearly. We elucidate that the inner shell 2p1/2,3/2 orbitals are essential to relativistic corrections of exchange interactions which are crucial for the final anomalous fine-structure splittings.     

高精度直流传感器DCCT标准测试系统

在北京正负电子对撞机二期改造工程(BEPC Ⅱ),磁铁电源系统大量使用了电流型直流传感器(DCCT)作为电源的反馈和回采器件.为了能够对DCCT的性能进行检测和校准,设计研制了高精度直流传感器DCCT标准测试系统.该测试系统主要由PC工控机、7又1/2数字万用表、超高精度直流传感器和高精度直流稳流电源构建而成.论文中主要介绍了测试系统的功能和系统软、硬件结构,并给出了测试系统在实际DCCT检测中的测量数据.     

The fractal measurement of experimental images of supersonic turbulent mixing layer

Flow visualization of supersonic mixing layer has been studied based on the high spatiotemporal resolution Nano-based Planar Laser Scattering(NPLS) method in SML-1 wind tunnel. The corresponding images distinctly reproduced the flow structure of laminar,transitional and turbulent region,with which the fractal measurement can be implemented. Two methods of measuring fractal dimension were introduced and compared. The fractal dimension of the transitional region and the fully developing turbulence region of supersonic mixing layer were measured based on the box-counting method. In the transitional region,the fractal dimension will increase with turbulent intensity. In the fully developing turbulent region,the fractal dimension will not vary apparently for different flow structures,which em-bodies the self-similarity of supersonic turbulence.     

黄石市板岩山危岩体成因机理分析与防治对策研究

本文论述了黄石板岩山危岩体地形、地貌及地质构造特征 ,分析讨论了其成因机理 ,得出危岩体已处于蠕变后期 ,位移变形趋于稳定。不会再次发生大规模的整体倾倒破坏 ,提出了活石清理、裂缝顶部加盖排水指导的防治措施。     

激光陀螺中背向散射的研究

为了研究谐振腔形状变化对激光陀螺中背向散射的影响,基于矢量叠加理论,分析了激光陀螺背向散射源及其对总的背向散射的影响.根据背向散射对顺逆时针光的耦合作用,推导出了总的背向散射系数与顺逆时针旋转光光强的关系式.基于这一关系,设计实验,通过施加电压使谐振腔反射镜到不同位置来改变光腔形状变化,同时测量光强交流量的振幅,得到了总的背向散射系数的变化曲线.通过与仿真结果对比,验证了背向散射的矢量叠加理论.     

Multi-objective optimization of inverse planning for accurate radiotherapy

The multi-objective optimization of inverse planning based on the Pareto solution set, according to the multi-objective character of inverse planning in accurate radiotherapy, was studied in this paper. Firstly,the clinical requirements of a treatment plan were transformed into a multi-objective optimization problem with multiple constraints. Then, the fast and elitist multi-objective Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ)was introduced to optimize the problem. A clinical example was tested using this method. The results show that an obtained set of non-dominated solutions were uniformly distributed and the corresponding dose distribution of each solution not only approached the expected dose distribution, but also met the dosevolume constraints. It was indicated that the clinical requirements were better satisfied using the method and the planner could select the optimal treatment plan from the non-dominated solution set.     

Gd_(1-x)Zn_xMnO_3系列化合物Rietveld结构分析

利用标准的固相反应法在1 350 ℃烧结了Gd(1-x)ZnxMnO3(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)样品.利用X射线衍射(XRD)对其晶体结构进行了研究.X射线衍射测量表明样品的单胞仍然具有正交结构.用Rielveld方法进行了结构精修,结果表明,随着Zn掺杂浓度的变化,导致A位原子半径的变化,样品的晶格常数、晶胞体积Mn-O键长、Mn-O-Mn键角随之变化.在Zn掺杂浓度x=0.4时,这种变化达最大.     

外力诱导下的高分子链相变

采用nPERMis(new pruned-enriched rosenbluth method with importance sampling)算法,研究了吸附在表面的高分子链在外力诱导下的相变行为.以链长N=60的高分子链为例,在外力的作用下相变临界温度比没有外力作用的相变临界温度要低,并随外力的增大相变临界温度降低,但比热容峰值会增大.当外力f=1.0或者1.5时,在高温区域高分子链形状发生较大变化,但在低温区由于高分子链内部相互作用和界面的吸附作用,高分子链随温度的降低塌缩成与没有外力作用相同的构象.对于不同的链长,在同一外力的作用下,相变临界温度随链长增大而增大,且比热峰值也增大.     

计算全息补偿法制作全息凹面光栅的改进

鉴于计算全息图可以产生一个任意形状的波面,用它作为位相补偿板来制作全息凹面光栅以适应消象差的要求比普通光学全息法更具灵活性,而且消象差波长的选择也不受制作时所用的光源光波波长所限制。本文中采用了离轴滤波及改变参考波面特性等措施,大大提高了计算全息图的空间带宽积,扩大了这一方法的使用范围。对1200l/mm的Ⅲ型及Ⅳ型凹面全息光栅进行了设计,制作及实验验证。