Mehl und Backwaren Zur Proteinbestimmung in Weizen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Electron impact mass spectra of penitrem A,some derivatives and its analogues

The mass spectra of penitrems A-E and some derivatives of penitrem A have been measured. Fragmentation pathways have been confirmed by use of the linked scan (B/E) technique and are consistent with the formulation of the compounds as analogues of paspalinine.     

Potent competitive inhibition of α-galactosidase and α-glucosidase activity by 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-iminopentitols: syntheses of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-lyxitol and of both enantiomers of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-iminoarabinitol

The syntheses of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-D-lyxitol (3), 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (4) and 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-l-arabinitol (5) are reported; (3) is a potent competitive inhibitor of α-galactosidase (green coffee beans) and (4) a competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase (Brewer's yeast) suggesting that iminopentitols have considerable potential as glycosidase inhibitors. (4) was found to be identical to an alkaloid recently isolated from $\text{Angylocalyx boutiqueanus}$.     

Preliminary observations on the copolymerisation of acceptor monomer:donor monomer systems under microwave irradiation

The mechanistic rationalisation of specific ‘microwave effects’ previously reported in a range of chemical reactions suggests that they may be observable in the freeradical copolymerisation of comonomer pairs capable of forming donor-acceptor complexes. Polymerisation under microwave irradiation is carried out for several comonomer pairs with weak donor-acceptor interactions, and no acceleration in rate or change in degree of alternation attributable to changes in propagation are observed. An increase in reaction rate of 150–200 % is observed for all systems, with trends in molecular weight suggesting this was due to an increase in radical flux. This is consistent with earlier reports of rate enhancement for free-radical polymerisations using the initiator 2,2′-azobis-isobutyronitrile, and it is proposed that microwave irradiation may reduce the amount of geminate radical recombination.     

Some improvements of the HNO3 spectroscopic parameters in the spectral region from 600 to 950 cm−1

In an earlier study [Flaud JM, Brizzi G, Carlotti M, Perrin A, Ridolfi M. MIPAS database: validation of HNO₃ line parameters using MIPAS satellite measurements. Atmos Chem Phys 2006;6:1–12] the HNO₃ line parameters in the HITRAN spectroscopic database have recently been revisited in the interval corresponding to the MIPAS spectral range. For the 11.3 μm region these updates involve the line positions for the {ν₅, 2ν₉} bands, and the intensities. However, comparisons between observed spectra recorded by MIPAS and the calculated ones in the 600–950 cm^?1 region still show significant disagreements. The goal of the present paper is to solve some of these problems. Based on the analysis of N₂-broadened HNO₃ laboratory spectra recorded with a Fourier transform instrument, a new HNO₃ database was generated, including the following improvements: (i) approximate parameters for the ν₅+ν₇?ν₇ and ν₅+ν₆?ν₆ hot bands have been added, and (ii) the intensities for the ν₆ and ν₈ bands have been updated. (iii) The air broadening and its temperature dependence, calculated using a semi-classical approach, have been added for each HNO₃ transition. (iv) Finally, line-mixing effects have been pointed out, particularly in the ν₅+ν₉?ν₉ Q branch, and an approach correctly modeling the resulting spectral shape is proposed.     

Index sets and parametric reductions

We investigate the index sets associated with the degree structures of computable sets under the parameterized reducibilities introduced by the authors. We solve a question of Peter Cholakand the first author by proving the fundamental index sets associated with a computable set A, {e : W _e ≤ _q ^u A} for q∈ {m, T} are Σ₄ ⁰ complete. We also show hat FPT(≤ _q ⁿ ), that is {e : W _e computable and ≡ _q ⁿ ?}, is Σ₄ ⁰ complete. We also look at computable presentability of these classes. Received: 13 July 1996 / Revised version: 14 April 2000 / Published online: 18 May 2001