添加叔丁醇钾对Mg(NH2)2-2LiH体系储氢性能的影响

叔丁醇钾(C_4H_9OK)的添加显著改善了Mg(NH_2)_2-2LiH体系的储氢性能。添加0.08 mol C_4H_9OK的Mg(NH_2)_2-2LiH-0.08C_4H_9OK样品表现出最佳储氢性能。该样品的起始放氢温度仅为70℃,较Mg(NH_2)_2-2LiH原始样品降低了60℃;130℃完全放氢后,该样品可在50℃开始吸氢,较原始样品降低了50℃。Mg(NH_2)_2-2LiH-0.08C_4H_9OK样品可在150℃的等温条件下50min内迅速放出质量分数3.82%的氢气,完全放氢后可在120℃的等温条件下50 min内快速吸收质量分数4.11%的氢气,表现出良好的吸放氢动力学性能。C_4H_9OK的添加降低了样品放氢反应的表观活化能和反应焓变,改善了放氢反应的动力学和热力学性能,从而降低了放氢反应温度。进一步的放氢反应机理研究发现,在180℃之前,C_4H_9OK对Mg(NH_2)_2-2LiH体系的放氢起催化改性作用;温度继续升高后,C_4H_9OK将会分解并参与放氢反应最终生成Li_3K(NH_2)_4。     

一种红外场景/点源目标模拟器技术研究

研究了一种红外场景/点源目标模拟器。模拟器由一路红外场景、一路点源目标和四路点源干扰组成。模拟器包括点源目标/干扰通道、中继光学系统、成像通道、多目标复合系统、运动控制系统和机械支撑及连接结构,可以同时模拟一路点源目标,四路点源干扰和一路红外场景。对模拟器进行实验研究,模拟器所生成红外图像的空间分辨率达到10 lp/mm,模拟器点源光斑尺寸最小为42μm,最大为499μm。该模拟器已经成功应用到半实物仿真试验中。     

Improvement of electrochemical performance for Li-rich spherical Li1.3[Ni0.35Mn0.65]O2+x modified by Al2O3

The Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x microspheres are firstly prepared and subsequently transferred into the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x microspheres by a simple deposition method. The as-prepared samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge/discharge tests. The results reveal that the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x sample has a typical α-NaFeO₂ layered structure with the existence of Li₂MnO₃-type integrated component, and the Al₂O₃ layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the spherical Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x particles with a thickness of about 4 nm. Importantly, the Al₂O₃-coated Li-rich sample exhibits obviously improved electrochemical performance compared with the pristine one, especially the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample shows the best electrochemical properties, which delivers an initial discharge capacity of 228 mAh g^?1 at a rate of 0.1 C in the voltage of 2.0–4.6 V, and the first coulombic efficiency is up to 90 %. Furthermore, the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample represents excellent cycling stability with capacity retention of 90.9 % at 0.33 C after 100 cycles, much higher than that of the pristine one (62.2 %). Particularly, herein, the typical inferior rate capability of Li-rich layered cathode is apparently improved, and the 2 wt.% Al₂O₃-coated sample also shows a high rate capability, which can deliver a capacity of 101 mAh g^?1 even at 10 C. Besides, the thin Al₂O₃ layer can reduce the charge transfer resistance and stabilize the surface structure of active material during cycling, which is responsible for the improvement of electrochemical performance of the Li-rich Li_1.3[Ni_0.35Mn_0.65]O_2+x .     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定燕窝中唾液酸

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱法测定燕窝中唾液酸(N-乙酰神经氨酸)的方法。燕窝样品用冰乙酸(1+1)溶液水解释放出来唾液酸,以V(甲醇):V(水)=50:50为流动相,Inertsil ODS-SP(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm)色谱柱分离,用电喷雾电离源进行电离,采用负离子模式和选择离子模式检测。方法的检出限为0.10 mg/L,样品平均加标回收率为95.2%,RSD为1.1%。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定偶氮染料橙黄G的降解产物1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸

提出了固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定偶氮染料橙黄G的Fenton反应降解溶液中1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸。用OnGuardⅡH固相萃取小柱去除降解液中的Fe2+,C18柱为分离柱,以乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵(20+80)溶液为流动相洗脱,检测波长为254nm。1-胺基-2-萘酚-6,8-二磺酸的线性范围为0.05~5.0mg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.15mg·L-1。加标回收率在92.1%~99.2%之间,日内及日间相对标准偏差分别在2.8%~3.4%,4.1%~7.7%之间。     

基于不同还原剂体系银粉的可控制备

以硝酸银为原料,在不同温度条件下,分别以无机和有机还原剂,制备了不同形貌的银粉颗粒,采用扫描电子显微镜以及X射线衍射对其形貌与结构进行了表征。在此基础上,重点研究了不同还原体系对银粉颗粒形貌的影响,并提出了相应的机理。研究结果表明,以七水合硫酸亚铁作为还原剂时,银颗粒形貌由铁离子浓度控制,在高浓度,低反应速度条件下可得到花状银颗粒。随着体系浓度的下降,表面由粗糙花状变为光滑球状,导电性能并随之升高。以抗坏血酸作为还原剂,硫酸根为保护剂时,硫酸根浓度对银粉形貌有着很大的影响,随着硫酸根浓度的增加,银颗粒由球形变为枝片状。导电性能有所升高。     

Ag~+型配位树脂的制备及对FK506分离纯化的研究

将HZM-3大孔树脂磺化,动态法载银依次获得Ag+-1#、Ag+-2#、Ag+-3#、Ag+-4#、Ag+-5#共5种Ag+型配位树脂,通过它们对FK506的静态吸附与解吸实验优选出了Ag+-3#树脂,其吸附率为77%,解吸率为92%;Ag+-3#树脂与FK506形成络合物的稳定性受溶液极性的影响,在室温下的静态吸附曲线表明,其对FK506的配位吸附符合Langmuir单分子层吸附模型;Ag+-3#树脂配位层析分离FK506,当甲醇:乙酸乙酯(V/V)=50:50,上样量为8mg/m L,流速为1BV/h时,可在4.5倍柱体积内完成整个分离过程,合并不含类似物的收集液,浓缩后在HPLC上检测纯度为98.83%,收率为87.35%,无类似物FK520与2H-FK506检出;乙醇结晶最终产品的纯度达到99.6%以上,样品经过ICP-AES检测,在其检测限内未检测出Ag+。     

有机硅改性纳米银抗菌导尿管的制备

纳米银具备广谱抗菌性、无耐药性、安全和对人体无害的性质。本研究选择了硼氢化钠还原法合成了尺寸为10nm~20nm纳米银,并用r-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷对纳米银粒子表面进行了有机硅改性。再将经有机硅改性的纳米银粒子涂覆在导尿管内外表面,制备了一种新型纳米银导尿管。通过抗菌实验验证,该方法制备的纳米银导尿管具有显著的抗菌效果。且导尿管抗菌性的时效性研究表明,改性实现了纳米银在导尿管表面的缓慢释放,从而使得导尿管有更为持久的抗菌性。     

Divergent Total Synthesis of Euphoranginol C,Euphoranginone D,ent-Trachyloban-3β-ol,ent-Trachyloban-3-one,Excoecarin E,and ent-16α-Hydroxy-atisane-3-one

A divergent synthetic approach to biogenetically related diterpenoids such as ent-kauranes, ent-trachylobanes, ent-beyerane, and ent-atisane has been developed. The unified synthetic route involves the De Mayo reaction to rapidly generate the bicyclo[3.2.1]-octane moiety of ent-kaurane. The key reactions also include bioinspired nucleophilic cyclopropanation generating the [3.2.1.0^2,7]-tricyclic core of ent-trachylobane and regioselective cyclopropane fragmentation furnishing ent-beyerane and ent-atisane through the nucleophilic attack and protonation of the cyclopropane ring. This strategy enables the asymmetric total syntheses of six diterpenoids from the commercially available geraniol.     

毛细管电泳测定甲芬那酸制剂及体液中的甲芬那酸

建立了制剂和体液中甲芬那酸毛细管电泳高频电导分析法,并用于甲芬那酸胶囊及血清、尿液中甲芬那酸含量的测定。对电泳介质的种类、浓度以及操作电压和进样量等影响因素进行了优化。实验采用3.0 mmol/L环己胺 3.0 mmol/LH3BO3 5.0mmol/Lβ-CD 0.17 mol/L乙醇作为电泳介质,20.0 kV为分离电压,可在7 min内实现对甲芬那酸的分离检测。在优化实验条件下,测定甲芬那酸的线性范围为0.8~550μg/mL,检出限为0.1μg/mL,回收率范围为98.3%~101.0%。