Computer-Assisted Analysis of the Anderson–Hájek Ontological Controversy

A universal reasoning approach based on shallow semantical embeddings of higher-order modal logics into classical higher-order logic is exemplarily employed to analyze several modern variants of the ontological argument on the computer. Several novel findings are reported which contribute to the clarification of a long-standing dispute between Anderson and Hájek. The technology employed in this work, which to some degree realizes Leibniz’s dream of a characteristica universalis and a calculus ratiocinator for solving philosophical controversies, is ready to be fruitfully adopted in larger scale by philosophers.     

Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrazinamide Coordination Frameworks Synthesized by Mechanochemistry

The urge for the development of a more efficient antibiotic crystalline forms led us to the disclosure of new antibiotic coordination frameworks of pyrazinamide, a well-known drug used for the treatment of tuberculosis, with some of the novel compounds unravelling improved antimycobacterial activity. Mechanochemistry was the preferred synthetic technique to yield novel compounds, allowing the reproduction of a 1D zinc framework, the synthesis of a novel hydrogen bonding manganese framework, and three new compounds with silver. The structural characterization of the novel forms is presented along with stability studies. The increased antimicrobial activity of the new silver-based frameworks against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycobacterium smegmatis is particularly relevant.     

Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolytes of Sodium Alginate and Montmorillonite Clay

Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NPEs) were synthesized using sodium alginate (Alg) and either sodium (SCa-3-Na⁺)- or lithium (SCa-3-Li⁺)-modified montmorillonite clays. The samples were characterized by structural, optical, and electrical properties. SCa-3-Na⁺ and SCa-3-Li⁺ clays’ X-ray structural analyses revealed peaks at 2θ = 7.2° and 6.7° that corresponded to the interlamellar distances of 12.3 and 12.8 Å, respectively. Alg-based NPEs X-ray diffractograms showed exfoliated structures for samples with low clay percentages. The increase of clay content promoted the formation of intercalated structures. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy revealed that Alg-based NPEs with 5 wt% of SCa-3-Na⁺ clay presented the highest conductivity of 1.96 × 10⁻² S/cm², and Alg with 10 wt% of SCa-3-Li⁺ showed conductivity of 1.30 × 10⁻² S/cm², both measured at 70 °C. From UV-Vis spectroscopy, it was possible to infer that increasing concentration of clay promoted a decrease of the samples’ transmittance and, consequently, an increase of their reflectance.     

Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-Nordasycarpidone, (+)-Dasycarpidone,and (+)-Uleine

The structure of uleine type alkaloids is characterized by the presence of a bridged tetracyclic hexahydro-1H-1,5-methanoazocino[4,3-b]indole ring system 1 . Various strategies have been developed to access this polycyclic structural motif. We report herein a one-step conversion of appropriately functionalized 1,3,4-trisubstituted cyclopent-1-ene to 1 by way of an integrated oxidation/reduction/cyclization (iORC) process. This domino sequence, initiated by oxidative cleavage of cyclopentene ring, generated subsequently a cyclohexenone, an indole and a 1,3-bridged piperidine ring through formation of one C−C and two C−N bonds. Compound 1 is subsequently converted to nordasycarpidone, dasycarpidone and uleine. The chirality of the molecule was introduced by enzymatic desymmetrization of commercially available meso cis-3,5-diacetoxy-1-cyclopentene.     

Gas-Phase Hydrodechlorination of Chlorobenzene over Alumina-Supported Nickel Catalysts: Effect of Support Structure and Modification with Heteropoly Acid HSiW

Kinetics and Catalysis - The physicochemical and catalytic properties of 6%Ni/Al2O3 catalysts in the gas-phase hydrodechlorination of chlorobenzene (CB) are studied. The catalysts are synthesized...     

High-Selective Catalyst Based on Intermetallic Rh1In1 Particles for Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation

Kinetics and Catalysis - The catalytic performance of a bimetallic RhIn/SiO2 catalyst was studied in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. The formation of intermetallic Rh1In1...     

Cryochemical Modification of Medicinal Substances: The Effect of the Carrier Gas Flow Rate on the Physicochemical Properties of Nanoforms of the Antibacterial Drug Dioxidine

Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin - A combined cryochemical method is proposed for the dimensional and structural modification of drugs. This method forms a molecular flow of a substance...     

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF SULFINAMIDES OF THE THIAZINE SERIES: FEATURES OF TRANSFERRING THE OPEN-CHAIN SUPRAMOLECULAR SYNTHON FROM THE RACEMIC TO HOMOCHIRAL ENVIRONMENT

Journal of Structural Chemistry - The crystal structures of four representatives of sulfinamides of the thiazine series are comparatively analyzed for the occurrence of different supramolecular...     

Formation of Polyhydroxyurethanes in the Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with Diepoxides and Diamines in the Presence of a Chromium Complex

Kinetics and Catalysis - Cyclic biscarbonates were synthesized from CO2 and diepoxides in the presence of a chromium(III) salen complex. The effect of the reaction conditions on the process...