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91.
We investigated that the effect of the number of segregated Li atoms on the rate of oxidation on a LiAl alloy surface. Oxygen molecules adsorbed on the LiAl alloy react with the surface atoms to form stable oxides. The segregated Li atoms at reconstructed surfaces (c(2×2) and (2×1)) enhance the oxidation rate and form stable LiAlOx and Li2O. The degree of enhancement of oxidation by segregated Li atoms varies as a function of O2 exposure and annealing temperature, where the latter is directly related to the mode of surface reconstruction by Li segregation. 相似文献
92.
S.-Y. Lee T.-H. Kim D.-I. Suh E.-K. Suh N.-K. Cho W.-K. Seong S.-K. Lee 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2007,87(4):739-742
We demonstrate GaN nanowire (NW) current rectifiers which were formed by assembling n-GaN nanowires on a patterned p-Si substrate
by means of alternating current (ac) dielectrophoresis. The dielectrophoresis was accomplished at a frequency of 10 kHz with
three different ac bias voltages (5, 10, and 15 Vp–p), indicating that the number of aligned GaN nanowires increased with increasing ac bias voltage. The n-GaN NW/p-Si diodes
showed well-defined current rectifying behavior with a forward voltage drop of 1.2–1.5 V at a current density of 200 A/cm2. We observed that the GaN NW diode functioned well as a half-wave rectifier.
PACS 71.20.Nr; 73.40.Cg; 73.40.Ei; 73.40.Kp 相似文献
93.
We explore the magnetic heat capacity in exchange-biased ferromagnet/antiferromagnet bilayers theoretically. We show that changes in the antiferromagnetic structure due to the reversal of the ferromagnet layer can be detected by distinct features in the heat capacity. This offers a method for probing antiferromagnetic domains in exchange-biased systems. 相似文献
94.
This paper presents the development and laboratory evaluation of a PM10/2.5/1.0 trichotomous sampling inlet that consists of two main parts: a previously designed PM10 size‐selective inlet part and a PM2.5/1.0 two‐stage virtual impactor, which was newly fabricated and attached serially to the PM10 size selective inlet part. Particles are collected in three locations through the trichotomous sampling inlet to provide for not only particle concentration measurements of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0, but also those of PM2.5–10 and PM1.0–2.5. 相似文献
95.
H-J Kim D-H Lee P Xirouchakis 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2006,57(10):1231-1240
This paper considers the problem of determining the disassembly schedule (quantity and timing) of products in order to satisfy the demand of their parts or components over a finite planning horizon. The objective is to minimize the sum of set-up, disassembly operation, and inventory holding costs. As an extension of the uncapacitated versions of the problem, we consider the resource capacity restrictions over the planning horizon. An integer program is suggested to describe the problem mathematically, and to solve the problem, a heuristic is developed using a Lagrangean relaxation technique together with a method to find a good feasible solution while considering the trade-offs among different costs. The effectiveness of the algorithm is tested on a number of randomly generated problems and the test results show that the heuristic suggested in this paper can give near optimal solutions within a short amount of computation time. 相似文献
96.
Hoon Kim Toshihiko Koseki Tomohiro Ohta Hiroshi Sato Yukihiro Shimogaki 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(11):3938-3942
The adhesion of Cu on Ru substrates with different crystal orientations was evaluated. The crystal orientation of sputter deposited Ru could be changed from (1 0 0) to (0 0 1) by annealing at 650 °C for 20 min. The adhesion of Cu was evaluated by the degree of Cu agglomeration on Ru. Cu films on annealed Ru films with the (0 0 1) crystal orientation showed 28% lower RMS values and 50% lower Ru surface coverage than Cu as-deposited on Ru having the (1 0 0) crystal orientation after annealing at 550 °C for 30 min, which suggest that Cu wettability on the Ru(0 0 1) was better than that on the Ru(1 0 0) plane. The low lattice misfit of 4% between Cu(1 1 1) and Ru(0 0 1) may be the reason for this good adhesion property. 相似文献
97.
B.-K. Kim H. Oh E.-K. Jeon S.-R. Kim J.-R. Kim J.-J. Kim J.-O. Lee C.J. Lee 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2006,85(3):255-263
This paper presents a review of our current experimental research on GaP nanowires grown by a vapor deposition method. Their structural, electrical, opto-electric transport, and gas-adsorption properties are reviewed. Our structural studies showed that a GaP nanowire consisted of a core–shell structure with a single-crystalline GaP core and an outer Ga2O3 layer. The individual GaP nanowires exhibited n-type field effects. Their electron mobilities were in the range of about 6 to 22 cm2/V s at room temperature. When the nanowires were illuminated with an ultraviolet light source, an abrupt increase of conductance occurred resulting from carrier generation in the nanowire and de-adsorption of adsorbed OH- or O2
- ions on the Ga2O3 surface shell. Using an intrinsic Ga2O3 shell layer as a gate dielectric, top-gated GaP nanowire field-effect transistors were fabricated and characterized. Like other metal oxide nanowires, the carrier concentration and mobility of GaP nanowires were significantly affected by the surface molecular adsorption of OH or O2. The GaP nanowire devices were fabricated as sensors for NO2, NH3, and H2 gases by using a simple metal decoration technique. PACS 73.63.-b; 72.80.Ey; 85.35.-p 相似文献
98.
For the methylsilsesquioxane film whose optical birefringence is almost zero, it was recently reported that its vertical thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) was approximately one order of magnitude larger than the lateral CTE. Though the birefringence is not an absolute predictor of anisotropic behavior, the discrepancy in both the CTEs was so remarkable that it was essential to investigate whether the anisotropy was intrinsic property or not. If the effect of Poisson's ratio is considered in the calculation of the vertical CTE and when elastic modulus measured by surface acoustic wave spectroscopy is used in the assessment of the lateral CTE, both the CTEs are coincident with each other. Therefore, it can be concluded that the discrepancy in the CTEs can be attributed to a higher in‐plane polymer chain orientation but it can also arise from the misleadingly assumed modulus and Poisson's ratio. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 3109–3120, 2006 相似文献
99.
Young Wook Kim Seong-Deog Yang 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2006,134(11):3379-3390
We prove the existence of an infinite family of complete spacelike maximal surfaces with singularities in Lorentz-Minkowski three-space and study their properties. These surfaces are distinguished by their number of handles and have two elliptic catenoidal ends.
100.
We consider a stowage-planning problem of arranging containers on a container ship in the maritime transportation system. Since containers are accessible only from the top of the stack, temporary unloading and reloading of containers, called shifting, is unavoidable if a container required to be unloaded at the current port is stacked under containers to be unloaded at later ports on the route of the ship. The objective of the stowage planning problem is to minimize the time required for shifting and crane movements on a tour of a container ship while maintaining the stability of the ship. For the problem, we develop a heuristic solution method in which the problem is divided into two subproblems, one for assigning container groups into the holds and one for determining a loading pattern of containers assigned to each hold. The former subproblem is solved by a greedy heuristic based on the transportation simplex method, while the latter is solved by a tree search method. These two subproblems are solved iteratively using information obtained from solutions of each other. To see the performance of the suggested algorithm, computational tests are performed on problem instances generated based on information obtained from an ocean container liner. Results show that the suggested algorithm works better than existing algorithms. 相似文献