全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2765篇 |
免费 | 152篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2049篇 |
晶体学 | 44篇 |
力学 | 69篇 |
数学 | 175篇 |
物理学 | 599篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 72篇 |
2021年 | 76篇 |
2020年 | 63篇 |
2019年 | 77篇 |
2018年 | 58篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 100篇 |
2015年 | 104篇 |
2014年 | 122篇 |
2013年 | 182篇 |
2012年 | 221篇 |
2011年 | 277篇 |
2010年 | 145篇 |
2009年 | 147篇 |
2008年 | 199篇 |
2007年 | 164篇 |
2006年 | 163篇 |
2005年 | 151篇 |
2004年 | 110篇 |
2003年 | 87篇 |
2002年 | 87篇 |
2001年 | 39篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2936条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Heterobimetallic alkoxides are broadly recognized as versatile precursors for luminescence materials, and efforts are being made to develop novel routes by applying the concept of geometrical molecular design, for their synthesis and to design a single source precursor suited to photoluminescent materials. Novel and new series of bimetallic alkoxides has been prepared by metathesis route. They exhibit a lower sensitivity towards hydrolysis and so they are easier to handle as compared to other alkoxides. All the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopies. FT-IR revealed that the molecular structure of these metal alkoxides was retained to a large extent in 4 : 1 halogenated alcohol-benzene solution. The heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy provided useful information about chemical shifts for better understanding the likely structure based on interactions with their coordinate metals. The mass spectra show similar types of fragmentation pattern. SEM-EDS analyses showed consistency with the formulation. XRD patterns show an enhanced homogeneity at high temperature. TGA measurements show that thermal decomposition occured in steps that depended entirely on the chemical compositions and the synthesis routes. SEM observation reveals that the morphology and particle size strongly depend on synthesis routes for their precursors. 相似文献
32.
Jeong Hwan Kim Ji Hoon Ko Byeong-Soo Bae 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2007,41(3):249-255
Multi-scale hybrid nanocomposites containing both ∼15 nm silica colloids and ∼2 nm oligosiloxanes in a methacryl polymer matrix
were newly designed and fabricated. Colloidal silica sols were dispersed in methacryl oligosiloxanes nano-hybrid resins synthesized
by sol-gel reaction of methacryloxypropylmethoxysilane and diphenylsilanediol. On the basis of TEM and SANS analyses, it was
confirmed that the silica colloids were compatibly dispersed and different sizes of colloidal silica and oligosiloxanes co-exist
in the solutions. Multi-scale hybrid nanocomposites fabricated by UV and thermal curing with incorporation of silica colloids
in the nano-hybrid materials show enhanced mechanical and thermal characteristics. 相似文献
33.
B. H. Park S. B. Park S. M. Jeong C.-S. Seo S.-W. Park 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2006,270(3):575-583
Summary The Advanced Spent Conditioning Process (ACP) developed by the KAERI is based on pyrometallurgy and the electrolytic reduction
plays a central role in transforming spent oxide fuels into metals. The constituents of the spent fuels are distributed between
a salt and a reduced metal phase during electrolysis. Lithium metal is produced in a molten LiCl-Li2O cell and then it reacts with the metal oxides of the spent fuel producing Li2O and reduced metals. By focusing on the activity of Li2O and the electric potential, the electrolytic reduction process of the ACP is discussed. Thermodynamic considerations are
defined and operation conditions are proposed including Li2O activity and cell potential. 相似文献
34.
The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of photothermal laser irradiation on rat breast tumor (DMBA-4) vascular contents. An 805-nm diode laser was used in our experiment with a power density ranging from 0.32 to 1.27 W/cm2. The dynamic changes of oxygenated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin concentrations, delta[HbO2] and delta[Hb]total, in rat tumors during photothermal irradiation were noninvasively monitored by a near-infrared spectroscopy system. A multichannel thermal detection system was also used simultaneously to record temperatures at different locations within the tumors. Our experimental results showed that: (1) photoirradiation did have the ability to induce hyperthermic effects inside the rat breast tumors in a single exponential trend; (2) the significant changes (P < 0.005) of delta[HbO2] and delta[Hb]total in response to a low dosage of laser irradiation (0.32 W/cm2) have a single exponential increasing trend, similar to that seen in the tumor interior temperature; and (3) the increase in magnitude of delta[HbO2] is nearly two times greater than that of delta[Hb]total, suggesting that photoirradiation may enhance tumor vascular oxygenation. The last observation may be important to reveal the hidden mechanism of photoirradiation on tumors, leading to improvement of tumor treatment efficiency. 相似文献
35.
36.
37.
Takehiko Yamato Fumika Kitajima Jeong Tae Gil 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2005,53(3-4):257-262
The lower rim functionalized hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene triamide 4 with cone-conformation was synthesized from triol 1 by a stepwise reaction. The different extractability for alkali metal ions, transition metal ions, and alkyl ammonium ions from water into dichloromethane is discussed. Due to the strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the neighboring NH and CO groups in triamide 4, its affinity to metal cations was weakened. Triamide 4 shows a single selectivity to n-BuNH 3 + . The anion complexation of triamide 4 was also studied by 1H NMR titration experiments. Triamide 4 binds halides through the intermolecular hydrogen bonding among the NH hydrogens of amide in a 1:1 fashion in CDCl3. The association constants calculated from these changes in chemical shifts of the amide protons are K a = 223 M?1 for Cl? and K a = 71.7 M?1 for Br?. Triamide 4 shows a preference for Cl? complexation than Br? complexation. 相似文献
38.
Abthagir PS Ha YG You EA Jeong SH Seo HS Choi JH 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(50):23918-23924
The neutral cluster beam deposition (NCBD) method has been applied to produce and characterize organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) based upon tetracene and pentacene molecules as active layers. Organic thin films were prepared by the NCBD method on hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS)-untreated and -pretreated silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrates at room temperature. The surface morphology and structures for the tetracene and pentacene thin films were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The measurements demonstrate that the weakly bound and highly directional neutral cluster beams are efficient in producing high-quality single-crystalline thin films with uniform, smooth surfaces and that SiO2 surface treatment with HMDS enhances the crystallinity of the pentacene thin-film phase. Tetracene- and pentacene-based OTFTs with the top-contact structure showed typical source-drain current modulation behavior with different gate voltages. Device parameters such as hole carrier mobility, current on/off ratio, threshold voltage, and subthreshold slope have been derived from the current-voltage characteristics together with the effects of surface treatment with HMDS. In particular, the high field-effect room-temperature mobilities for the HMDS-untreated OTFTs are found to be comparable to the most widely reported values for the respective untreated tetracene and pentacene thin-film transistors. The device performance strongly correlates with the surface morphology, and the structural properties of the organic thin films are discussed. 相似文献
39.
40.