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921.
The Modeling of Velocity Enhancement in Polymer Flooding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In single-phase polymer flooding experiments it has repeatedly been observed that the average velocity of the polymer molecules is higher than the average velocity of the water molecules. This effect is incorporated in many conventional Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) simulators by the introduction of a constant velocity enhancement factor. In this paper we show that, in absence of dispersion, a constant enhancement factor in the mathematical model for two-phase polymer flow (Buckley--Leverett displacement) leads to ill-posedness of the model equations. We propose a saturation dependent enhancement factor, derived from a model based on percolation concepts, for which this problem does not occur. 相似文献
922.
923.
Fully and partially observed stochastic control of systems with nonlinear dynamics and terminal and running costs are considered.
Measure changes are introduced which allow both state and observation dynamics to be thought of as linear. In the case when
the terms of the cost have a special form the measure change transformation “cancels out” the nonlinearities and changes the
original nonlinear problem into a classical LQG one and standard results can be applied. We also consider unnormalized conditional
densities of the whole path as state variables and obtain dynamic programming and verification results.
R. J. Elliott wishes to acknowledge support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Grant A7964. 相似文献
924.
Simon G. Bott Alan P. Marchand Dongxia Xing Rajesh Shukla Stephen James Obrey K. Venkatesan J. Narasimha Moorthy 《Journal of chemical crystallography》1997,27(11):661-665
NaBH4 reduction of a cage dione proceeds in a stereospecific fashion to give theendo,endo-diol. This reactivity is related to the crystal structure. 相似文献
925.
Summary It is shown that the outer automorphism group of a Coxeter groupW of finite rank is finite if the Coxeter graph contains no infinite bonds. A key step in the proof is to show that if the
group is irreducible andΠ
1 andΠ
2 any two bases of the root system ofW, thenΠ
2 = ±ωΠ
1 for some ω εW. The proof of this latter fact employs some properties of the dominance order on the root system introduced by Brink and
Howlett.
This article was processed by the author using the Springer-Verlag TEX PJour1g macro package 1991. 相似文献
926.
927.
928.
The magnetic properties of existing amorphous iron based materials, i.e., Fe--metalloid, Fe--early transition metals and Fe--rare
earth alloys, are briefly discussed for some representative alloys. The spin orientation of amorphous Fe--metalloid alloys
has been determined by the angular dependence of hyperfine interactions. It is shown that in iron--early transition metals
ferromagnetic order is not long-ranged, but determined by magnetic clusters. The magnetic hyperfine field distributions of
Fe-rich iron--early transition metals consist of a high and a low field tail. The magnetic structure has been investigated
for two representative Fe--RE (RE = Er, Ce) amorphous alloys. For the first time, the magnetic coupling phenomenon in amorphous/crystalline
multilayers has been discussed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
929.
930.
Efficient Sequential Quadratic Programming Implementations for Equality-Constrained Discrete-Time Optimal Control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Efficient sequential quadratic programming (SQP) implementations are presented for equality-constrained, discrete-time, optimal control problems. The algorithm developed calculates the search direction for the equality-based variant of SQP and is applicable to problems with either fixed or free final time. Problem solutions are obtained by solving iteratively a series of constrained quadratic programs. The number of mathematical operations required for each iteration is proportional to the number of discrete times N. This is contrasted by conventional methods in which this number is proportional to N
3. The algorithm results in quadratic convergence of the iterates under the same conditions as those for SQP and simplifies to an existing dynamic programming approach when there are no constraints and the final time is fixed. A simple test problem and two application problems are presented. The application examples include a satellite dynamics problem and a set of brachistochrone problems involving viscous friction. 相似文献