Novel approach to the synthesis of istaroxime

Istaroxime 1, a novel cardiotonic agent with high efficiency and low toxicity was synthesized from dehydroepiandrosterone 2 using a novel approach that included epoxidation, ring-opening, substitution, and oximation. The new protocol without gas protection was milder than the reported approaches. The overall yield of the method was 24.1%.     

Cyclopropyl-containing sulfonyl amino acids: Exploring the enantioseparation through chiral ligand-exchange chromatography

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - In the scope of a broader study focused on glutamate receptors regulators, we have been engaged in synthesis, analysis and pharmacological characterization of...     

Synthesis of new phosphorylated analogs of nucleotides containing adenine and ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphoryl moieties

Reaction of adenine and 9-[2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)ethyl]-9H-purine-6-amine with ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonates resulted in the formation of new purine bases containing ethylidene-1,1-bisphosphoryl groups.

     

Cyclic oligoesters as potential materials for polymer nanocomposite production

Publications dedicated to cyclic oligoesters based on cyclic butylene terephthalate were analyzed and summarized. The features of their preparation and structure and their properties were considered with a special focus on advantages and disadvantages of the methods of their preparation: polycondensation at high dilution and depolymerization. The prospects of application of cyclic butylene terephthalate for polymer nanocomposite production were demonstrated. A development strategy for this research area was suggested.

     

Structure and Thermal Stability of Nanostructured Precursor Powders of Copper(I) Sulfide and Selenide

The hydrochemical precipitation method at 298 and 333 K with, respectively, thiocarbamide and sodium selenosulfate was used to obtain nanostructured powders of copper sulfide with formula composition Cu₂S, which are composed of globules 200–500 nm in diameter, formed by 70–100-nm particles, and copper(I) selenide, composed of crystallites with polyhedral shape, sizes of 80 to 500 nm, and a formula composition Cu_1.84Se. An X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the orthorhombic Cu₂S structure (space group no. 39-Abm2) with unit cell parameters a = 1.182 nm, b = 2.705 nm, and c = 1.343 nm. Powders of Cu_1.84Se copper selenide have a cubic structure (space group Fm3m) with lattice constant a = 0.5693 nm. A thermal analysis demonstrated that the chemically precipitated Cu₂S and Cu_1.84Se powders have a stable elemental composition up to 200–240°C. An intense oxidation of the samples begins at a temperature exceeding 250°C and is accompanied by a sharp decrease in their content of sulfur (selenium) and by an increase in the content of oxygen.     

Chemical transformations of tetracyclo[3.3.1.1<Superscript>3,7</Superscript>.0<Superscript>1,3</Superscript>]decane (1,3-dehydroadamantane): II. Reaction of 1,3-dehydroadamantane with <Emphasis Type="Italic">N,N</Emphasis>-dialkylcarboxamides

Alkylation of N,N-dialkylcarboxamides with 1,3-dehydroadamantane has been accomplished for the first time. The reaction involves the C–H bond in the α-position with respect to the carbonyl group and provides a convenient one-step preparation of substituted carboxylic acid amides containing an 1-adamantyl substituent and a pharmacophoric group in the amide moiety.     

Synthesis and characterization of a novel nanomagnetic phase-transfer catalyst and its application to regioselective synthesis of β-azido and β-nitro alcohols in water

Immobilization of polyethylene glycol-substituted 1-methylimidazolium bromide on the surface of magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles through hexane-1,6-diyldicarbamate linker afforded a powerful and reusable heterogeneous phase-transfer catalysis which was successfully used for regioselective ring opening of epoxides with azide and nitrite anions in aqueous medium. The new catalyst can readily be recovered by simple magnetic decantation and recycled several times without appreciable loss of catalytic activity.     

Application of thermal analysis for evaluating the digestion of microwave pre-treated sewage sludge

The effect of microwave pre-treatment (MwP) on anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was studied by means of thermal analysis and evolved gas analysis. The effect of the pre-treatment at low energy input (<1000 kJ L^?1) on sludge solubilisation was studied with the aid of response surface methodology. The pre-treatment process was subsequently studied at energies of 488–2700 kJ L^?1 to evaluate the improvement in biogas production under mesophilic conditions. Organic matter modifications were studied using a Setaram TGA92 analyser at atmospheric pressure coupled to an MSC200 quadrupole mass spectrometer from Balzers. Particle size analysis was carried out using a Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyser LS 13 320 Beckmann Coulter for evaluating the effect of MwP on sludge particles. Results showed an increase in organic matter solubilisation with the increase in the energy applied. Modifications in the specific surface area of the organic matter due to the MwP resulted in increments in methane yields. However, an accumulation of complex compounds was observed in thermal profiles at the maximum energy input (2700 kJ L^?1). Semi-continuous digestion experiments were evaluated using as substrate pre-treated sludge at the optimum energy value (975 kJ L^?1). Results showed a significant increase in methane yield (43 %) when evaluating the process at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 25–10 days.     

Thin films of V2O5/MoO3 and their applications in electrochromism

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Pure and doped vanadium pentoxide (V2O5, V2O5/MoO3) thin films were prepared by sol-gel method and dip coating technique. Furthermore, they were...     

New eco-friendly low-cost binders for Li-ion anodes

In the production of commercial Li-ion batteries, the active materials slurries are generally prepared using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as binder because of its good adhesion properties and electrochemical stability. Unfortunately, there are some disadvantages related to the use of PVdF: the most important is the use of toxic and environmentally unfriendly solvents, such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), and the second is the high costs. In the light of these considerations, it seemed straightforward to investigate the suitability of some water-soluble, inexpensive, and eco-friendly materials to test as alternative binders (sodium alginate, chitosan tragacanth gum, gelatin). The rheological properties of these materials have been investigated in addition to the electrochemical characterization. Furthermore, graphite electrodes with PVdF, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) binders have been considered for sake of comparison. We found that some of these water-soluble binders, besides good electrochemical performances, showed a high adhesion to the current collector and a good electrochemical stability under the experimental conditions employed, which makes them interesting for the next generation of Li-ion batteries.