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排序方式: 共有96条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Aharmim B Ahmed SN Amsbaugh JF Anthony AE Banar J Barros N Beier EW Bellerive A Beltran B Bergevin M Biller SD Boudjemline K Boulay MG Bowles TJ Browne MC Bullard TV Burritt TH Cai B Chan YD Chauhan D Chen M Cleveland BT Cox-Mobrand GA Currat CA Dai X Deng H Detwiler J DiMarco M Doe PJ Doucas G Drouin PL Duba CA Duncan FA Dunford M Earle ED Elliott SR Evans HC Ewan GT Farine J Fergani H Fleurot F Ford RJ Formaggio JA Fowler MM Gagnon N Germani JV Goldschmidt A Goon JT Graham K Guillian E 《Physical review letters》2008,101(11):111301
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of 3He proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (nu_x) 8B solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be 5.54_-0.31;+0.33(stat)-0.34+0.36(syst)x10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields Deltam2=7.59_-0.21;+0.19x10(-5) eV2 and theta=34.4_-1.2;+1.3 degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results. 相似文献
22.
A new synthetic route to stable spin-delocalized radicals, annelated nitronyl nitroxides, has been developed on the basis of the condensation of benzofuroxan with aryl nitrones. The electronic structure of the resulting radicals was investigated through absorption spectroscopy, EPR, electrochemistry, and computation (DFT-UB3LYP). The annelated radicals exhibit electronic transitions in the near IR (850-900 nm) and are excellent electron acceptors (E(red) approximately 0.0 vs SCE) ideal for the development of multifunctional magnetic materials. 相似文献
23.
Benkoski JJ Bowles SE Korth BD Jones RL Douglas JF Karim A Pyun J 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2007,129(19):6291-6297
The assembly and direct imaging of ferromagnetic nanoparticles into one-dimensional mesostructures (1-D) are reported. Polymer-coated ferromagnetic colloids (19 nm, 24 nm) were assembled at a crosslinkable oil-water interface under both magnetic field induced and zero-field conditions and permanently fixed into 1-D mesoscopic polymer chains (1-9 mum) in a process referred to as Fossilized Liquid Assembly (FLA). In the FLA process, nanoparticle chains were fixed at the oil interface through photopolymerization, enabling direct visualization of organized mesostructures using atomic force microscopy. Using the FLA methodology, we systematically investigated different conditions and demonstrated that dispersed ferromagnetic colloids possess sufficient dipolar interactions to organize into mesoscopic assemblies. Application of an external magnetic field during assembly enabled the formation of micron-sized chains which were aligned in the direction of the applied field. This universal methodology is an attractive alternative technique to cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) for the visualization of nanoparticle assembly in dispersed organic media. 相似文献
24.
Scalable synthetic routes to β-amino acids 1 and 2 are presented. These two compounds, which bind to the α2δ subunit of calcium channels and have important medical applications, have been prepared on kilogram scale in our pilot plant through an improved synthesis that avoids the use of highly toxic reagents and hazardous chemistry present in the original Medicinal Chemistry route. The two chiral centers are introduced through asymmetric Michael and aza-Michael reactions with excellent diastereoselectivity. 相似文献
25.
F.T. Smith R.I. Bowles J.D.A. Walker 《Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics》2000,14(3):135-165
A fundamental flow problem of unsteady wind-up of a spanwise vortex is studied in this theoretical work on deepening dynamic
stall and transition in a boundary layer, internal layer or related unsteady motion. It examines the nonlinear evolution of
the spanwise vortex produced when the local wall pressure develops a maximum or minimum, subsequent to the finite-time break-up
of an interacting layer and the impact of normal pressure gradients. The evolution is controlled by an inner–outer interaction
between the effects of the normal pressure gradient and the momentum jumps across and outside the vortex, which is situated
near the strong inflexion point induced in the mean flow. Although the work concentrates on a particular internal-flow context,
many of the flow properties found are generic and in particular apply for a more general case including external flows. Analysis
and associated computations point to two main distinct trends in the vortex response, depending to a large extent on a parameter
gauging the relative strengths of the above effects. The response is either an explosive one, provoking enhanced wind-up, growth and pressure in the vortex, or it is implosive, causing the vortex to shrink and virtually empty itself through unwinding, leaving little local pressure variation. A further
discussion includes the after-effects of this vortex response and some of the connections with experiments and direct computations
on deepening stall and transition.
Received 22 February 1999 and accepted 28 March 2000 相似文献
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Limit on flavor-changing neutral currents from a measurement of neutrino-electron elastic scattering
29.
W. Prandtl A. Brukl L. Pauling H. N. Mc Coy Ida Noddack J. K. Marsh L. Holleck W. Noddack G. Urbain F. Bourion G. Jantsch H. Albers H. Grubitsch P. W. Selwood J. A. C. Bowles H. M. Partridge H. C. Fogg L. Hess H. H. Williard N. K. Tang E. A. Werner C. James H. C. Holden A. J. Grant J. P. Bonardi Leonid Kuhlberg F. M. Semiakin 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1938,113(3-4):121-135
30.
A. Miele T. Wang W. W. Melvin R. L. Bowles 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1987,53(2):181-217
This paper is concerned with guidance strategies and piloting techniques which ensure near-optimum performance and maximum survival capability in a severe windshear. The take-off problem is considered with reference to flight in a vertical plane. In addition to the horizontal shear, the presence of a downdraft is assumed.First, six particular guidance schemes are considered, namely: constant alpha guidance; maximum alpha guidance; constant velocity guidance; constant absolute path inclination guidance; constant rate of climb guidance; and constant pitch guidance. Among these, it is concluded that the best one is the constant pitch guidance.Next, in an effort to improve over the constant pitch guidance, three additional trajectories are considered: the optimal trajectory, which minimizes the maximum deviation of the absolute path inclination from a reference value, while employing global information on the wind flow field; the gamma guidance trajectory, which is based on the absolute path inclination and which approximates the behavior of the optimal trajectory, while employing local information on the windshear and the downdraft; and the simplified gamma guidance trajectory, which is the limiting case of the gamma guidance trajectory in a severe windshear and which does not require precise information on the windshear and the downdraft.The essence of the simplified gamma guidance trajectory is that it yields a quick transition to horizontal flight. Comparative numerical experiments show that the survival capability of the simplified gamma guidance trajectory is superior to that of the constant pitch trajectory and is close to that of the optimal trajectory.Next, with reference to the simplified gamma guidance trajectory, the effect of the feedback gain coefficient is studied. It is shown that larger values of the gain coefficient improve the survival capability in a severe windshear; however, excessive values of the gain coefficient are undesirable, because they result in larger altitude oscillations and lower average altitude.Finally, with reference to the simplified gamma guidance trajectory, the effect of time delays is studied, more specifically, the time delay 1 in reacting to windshear onset and the time delay 2 in reacting to windshear termination. While time delay 2 has little effect on survival capability, time delay 1 appears to be critical in the following sense: smaller values of 1 correspond to better survival capability in a severe windshear, while larger values of 1 are associated with a worsening of the survival capability in a severe windshear.This research was supported by NASA-Langley Research Center, Grant No. NAG-1-516, and by Boeing Commercial Airplane Company. 相似文献