纳米氧化铜的制备及常温脱硫效能研究

采用硝酸铜为原料、氢氧化钠溶液为沉淀剂、使用体积比为1∶1的乙醇-水溶液为分散剂的直接沉淀法制备，通过改变工艺条件得到了三种纳米氧化铜产品，平均粒径分别为25.63，10.74和7.57 nm。采用TG-DTA、FIR、XRD和TEM等对纳米氧化铜进行表征。对产品的常温脱硫活性进行了穿透试验，并与已开发的其他常温精脱硫产品进行了比较，结果表明纳米氧化铜应用于H₂S脱硫，可在常温条件下具有优异的脱硫活性，对H₂S的脱除精度可以达到0.05 mg·m^-3以下。经过优选，产品在3 000 h^-1空速下穿透硫容达到25.3%，高于同类型的其他脱硫剂产品。     

纳米PbSnO3的制备及其燃烧催化性能的研究

Nanocomposite PbSnO₃was synthesized by coprecipitation method , and its phase evolution process was investigated. The particle size, crystal form, and phase of samples were determined with XRD, TEM and EDS. The catalytic actiyity of sample on the thermal decomposition of RDX was investigated by DSC. The results show that nanocomposite PbSnO₃with the diameter of 9 nm can be obtained by calcining at 600 ℃ for 2 h, which crystal is cubic (pyrochlore type). The catalytic actiyity of nanocomposite PbSnO₃on the thermal decomposition of RDX is much higher than that of normal PbSnO₃. The nanocomposite PbSnO₃can decrease the peak temperature of thermal decomposition of RDX from 240.1 ℃ to 236.5 ℃, and the decomposition enthalpy ΔH of RDX increases 722 J·g^-1 （about 70%）.     

Elimination of matrix effects for headspace solid-phase microextraction of important volatile compounds in red wine using a novel coating

In this paper, hydroxy-terminated silicone oil-butyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene (OH-TSO-BMA-DVB) copolymer was first synthesized and used as stationary phase with the aid of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxylsilane (KH-570) as bridge in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using sol–gel method and cross-linking technique. It has high extraction efficiency for both polar alcohols and fatty acids and nonpolar esters in comparison with commercial PDMS, PDMS-DVB and PA fibers. A simple and sensitive headspace SPME-gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC) method using the novel fiber was presented for the simultaneous analysis of both polar alcohols and fatty acids and nonpolar esters in wine. To check the matrix effects, various model wine matrices, including distilled water; 11.5% ethanol/water (v/v) solution; a concentrated synthetic wine; a ‘volatile-free’ wine and a real wine were investigated in detail. Matrix effects were compensated for by using internal standard method and selecting the ‘volatile-free’ wine as working standard. The method presented in this study showed satisfactory linearity, precision, detection limits and accuracy. The recoveries obtained ranged from 85.87 to 104.2%, and the relative standard deviation values were below 9%. The results obtained indicated that the present method is a validated and accurate procedure for the simultaneous determination of both polar and nonpolar aroma compounds in wine.     

无相移滤波技术用于分析化学信号处理

把无相移滤波技术引入了分析化学信号处理领域。其方法为：先将输入序列按顺序滤波，然后将所得结果逆转后反向通过滤波器，再将所得结果逆转后输出。通过对色谱信号的实验研究表明，与普通的数字滤波方法相比较，无相移滤波不但具有普通数字滤波的优点，而且不会产生滤波前后的相位偏移，具有良好的应用前景，尤其对于需要准确计算保留时间的场合，用此预处理方法非常适合。     

La2Zr2O7催化剂结构相变对甲烷氧化偶联反应性能的影响

采用共沉淀法并通过改变焙烧温度制备了一系列具有不同晶相结构的La₂Zr₂O₇催化剂，在微型固定床反应器上评价其甲烷氧化偶联反应性能，并利用XRD、Raman、CO₂-TPD、XPS等表征手段，探究催化剂的物相结构、表面碱性以及表面氧物种的变化规律。结果表明，随着焙烧温度从700℃逐渐升高到1200℃，La₂Zr₂O₇催化剂结晶度不断提高，晶相发生明显变化，从无定形结构逐渐向缺陷萤石结构过渡，最终转变成烧绿石结构。焙烧温度提高促使La₂Zr₂O₇晶相转变过程中，催化剂表面的碱性强度减弱，中等碱性位数量以及具有催化活性的表面氧物种O₂^2-和O₂^-的相对含量不断减少，致使催化剂的CH₄转化率和C₂₊选择性不断降低。其中，无定形LZO-CP-700催化剂表现出最佳的甲烷氧化偶联反应性能。     

Spectroscopic characterization of effective components anthraquinones in Chinese medicinal herbs binding with serum albumins

The interactions of serum albumins such as human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) with emodin, rhein, aloe-emodin and aloin were assessed employing fluorescence quenching and absorption spectroscopic techniques. The results obtained revealed that there are relatively strong binding affinity for the four anthraquinones with HSA and BSA and the binding constants for the interactions of anthraquinones with HSA or BSA at 20 degrees C were obtained. Anthraquinone-albumin interactions were studied at different temperatures and in the presence of some metal ions. And the competition binding of anthraquinones with serum albumins was also discussed. The Stern-Volmer curves suggested that the quenching occurring in the reactions was the static quenching process. The binding distances and transfer efficiencies for each binding reactions were calculated according to the F?ster theory of non-radiation energy transfer. Using thermodynamic equations, the main action forces of these reactions were also obtained. The reasons of the different binding affinities for different anthraquinone-albumin reactions were probed from the point of view of molecular structures.     

A microfluidic device using a green organic light emitting diode as an integrated excitation source

A simply fabricated microfluidic device using a green organic light emitting diode (OLED) and thin film interference filter as integrated excitation source is presented and applied to fluorescence detection of proteins. A layer-by-layer compact system consisting of glass/PDMS microchip, pinhole, excitation filter and OLED is designed and equipped with a coaxial optical fiber and for fluorescence detection a 300 microm thick excitation filter is employed for eliminating nearly 80% of the unwanted light emitted by OLEDs which has overlaped with the fluorescence spectrum of the dyes. The distance between OLED illuminant and microchannels is limited to approximately 1 mm for sensitive detection. The achieved fluorescence signal of 300 microM Rhodamine 6G is about 13 times as high as that without the excitation filter and 3.5 times the result of a perpendicular detection structure. This system has been used for fluorescence detection of Rhodamine 6G, Alexa 532 and BSA conjugates in 4% linear polyacrymide (LPA) buffer (in 1 x TBE, pH 8.3) and 1.4 fmol and 35 fmol mass detection limits at 0.7 nl injection volume for Alexa and Rhodamine dye have been obtained, respectively.     

N-(1-异丙基-2-羧基-4-甲基二环[2.2.2]-5-辛烯-3-羰基)-N′-芳基(硫)脲的合成

在无溶剂绿色化学条件下,将α-萜品烯-马来酸酐加成物(1)与取代苯(硫)脲发生N-酰化反应,合成了4个N-(1-异丙基-2-羧基-4-甲基二环[2.2.2]-5-辛烯-3-羰基)-N′-芳基(硫)脲化合物(3a~3d),并由IR、UV-Vis、MS、1HNMR、13C NMR和元素分析确认了目标产物的结构。生物活性测试表明,其中3个化合物(3a、3b和3c)具有植物激素作用。     

Propane oxidation over Pd/LaFe0.8Co0.2O3 catalyst

Pd/LaFe_0.8Co_0.2O₃ was found to be more active than the Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst in propane oxidation. Activity and the oxidation state of palladium were strongly affected by the redox ratio (S) of reactants. Higher propane conversion could be obtained under rich conditions at higher temperatures, contributing to steam reforming. The presence of excess steam would bring about inhibition and oscillation.     

氟硼二吡咯类阳离子荧光探针的研究进展

荧光探针提供了方便、快捷、廉价的分析测试手段,并具有很高的灵敏度和选择性,因而在分析化学、临床生物化学、医学以及环境科学等领域有广泛的应用前景.氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)是一种光物理和光化学性能优异的荧光染料,本文综述了近年来BODIPY类阳离子荧光探针的最新研究进展和发展趋势.