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31.
Claudio Cioffi-Revilla Kenneth De Jong Jeffrey K. Bassett 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2012,18(3):356-373
Computational social science in general, and social agent-based modeling (ABM) simulation in particular, are challenged by modeling and analyzing complex adaptive social systems with emergent properties that are hard to understand in terms of components, even when the organization of component agents is know. Evolutionary computation (EC) is a mature field that provides a bio-inspired approach and a suite of techniques that are applicable to and provide new insights on complex adaptive social systems. This paper demonstrates a combined EC-ABM approach illustrated through the RebeLand model of a simple but complete polity system. Results highlight tax rates and frequency of public issue that stress society as significant features in phase transitions between stable and unstable governance regimes. These initial results suggest further applications of EC to ABM in terms of multi-population models with heterogeneous agents, multi-objective optimization, dynamic environments, and evolving executable objects for modeling social change. 相似文献
32.
David G. Parker 《中国颗粒学报》2009,7(2)
This paper describes the operation and outcome of one of the United Kingdom's largest multi-partner research activities in nanoparticles.The research covers the discovery and development of organic and inorganic crystals/nanoparticles,nanoparticle properties towards specific product applications,The research also encompassed bespoke measurement technology for nanoparticles and structure interactions.Significant research outcomes are summarised.The paper illustrates the advantages from industrially motivated research and value of collective action between a broad group of researchers in a nation. 相似文献
33.
D. Allasia C. Angelini A. Baldini L. Bertanza F. Bianchi A. Bigi F. Bobisut A. Borg P. Capiluppi R. Cirio J. Derkaoui M. L. Faccini-Turluer A. G. Frodesen D. Gamba G. Giacomelli B. Jongejans G. Mandrioli A. Margiotta-Neri A. Marzari-Chiesa R. Pazzi L. Patrizii C. Petri F. Predieri A. Romero A. M. Rossi A. Sconza P. Serra-Lugaresi M. Spurio A. G. Tenner G. W. van Apeldoorn P. H. A. van Dam N. A. M. van Eijndoven D. Vignaud WA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1988,37(4):527-533
Bose-Einstein correlations between pions of equal charge have been observed in Charged Current and Neutral Current (anti)neutrino-deuterium interactions in the BEBC bubble chamber exposed to the SPS wide band beam. The pion emission region is found to be essentially spherical with a mean radius of (0.48±0.07) fm; the chaoticity parameter is 0.36±0.04. 相似文献
34.
M. Bonesini E. Bonvin P. S. L. Booth R. Bopp L. J. Carroll A. J. Cass D. Cavalli S. U. Chung G. Costa M. Donnat P. A. Dorsaz E. Durieux M. E. J. Feliks J. R. Fischer L. Fluri F. Gianotti S. Jack J. N. Jackson M. Kelly M. N. Kienzle-Focacci R. Lucock J. G. Lynch L. Mandelli M. Martin L. Mathys A. Maxwell M. Mazzanti P. J. Negus L. Perini D. Perrin G. Polesello R. Poultney W. H. Range L. Rosselet S. W. Snow A. S. Thompson R. M. Turnbull M. Werlen WA -Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1989,42(4):527-532
The inclusive cross sections for η production by the interactions of 280 GeV/c momentum π?, π+, and proton beams in hydrogen have been measured. The kinematical range covered is ?0.45<x F <0.45, and 4.0<P T <7.0 GeV/c for Feynmanx F and transverse momentum respectively. The η to π0 cross section ratios are given for the three reactions. The ratio of π? p to π+ p cross sections for η production in the above kinematic ranges is 1.22±0.08±0.11. 相似文献
35.
We analyse the proton electromagnetic form factor ratioR(Q 2 ) =QF 2 (Q 2 )/F 1 (Q 2 ) as a function of momentum transferQ 2 within perturbative QCD. We find that the prediction for (R(Q 2 ) at large momentum transferQ depends on the exclusive quark wave functions, which are unknown. For a wide range of wave functions we find thatQF 2 F 1 ~ const. at large momentum transfer, which is in agreement with recent JLAB data. 相似文献
36.
37.
W. Wittek M. Aderholz P. Allport N. Armenise J. P. Baton M. Berggren F. W. Bullock M. Calicchio E. F. Clayton T. Coghen A. M. Cooper-Sarkar O. Erriquez P. Fitch N. Giannakopoulos J. Guy E. Hoffmann P. O. Hulth G. T. Jones P. Kasper U. F. Katz J. Kern H. Klein P. Marage E. Matsinos D. R. O. Morrison M. Neveu M. A. Parker N. Schmitz E. Simopoulou K. Varvell A. Vayaki W. Venus H. Wachsmuth BEBC WA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1988,40(2):231-251
The average multiplicities of charged hadrons and of π+, π? and π0 mesons, produced in \(\bar v\) Ne and νNe charged current interactions in the forward and backward hemispheres of theW ±-nucleon center of mass system, are studied with data from BEBC. The dependence of the multiplicities on the hadronic mass (W) and on the laboratory rapidity (y Lab) and the energy fraction (z) of the pion is also investigated. Special care is taken to determine the π0 multiplicity accurately. The ratio of average π multiplicities \(\frac{{2\left\langle {n_{\pi ^O } } \right\rangle }}{{[\left\langle {n_{\pi ^ + } } \right\rangle + \left\langle {n_{\pi ^ - } } \right\rangle ]}}\) is consistent with 1. In the backward hemisphere \(\left\langle {n_{\pi ^O } } \right\rangle \) is positively correlated with the charged multiplicity. This correlation, as well as differences in multiplicities between \(\mathop v\limits^{( - )} \) and \(\mathop v\limits^{( - )} \) , \(\mathop v\limits^{( - )} \) scattering, is attributed to reinteractions inside the neon nucleus of the hadrons produced in the initial \(\mathop v\limits^{( - )} \) interaction. 相似文献
38.
T. A. Armstrong M. Benayoun W. Beusch I. J. Bloodworth J. N. Carney R. Childs B. R. French B. Ghidini A. Jacholkowski J. Kahane J. B. Kinson A. Kirk K. Knudson V. Lenti Ph. Leruste A. Malamant J. L. Narjoux F. Navach A. Palano E. Quercigh N. Redaelli L. Rossi M. Sené R. Sené M. Stassinaki M. T. Trainor G. Vassiliadis O. Villalobos Baillie M. F. Votruba G. Zito R. Zitoun WA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1990,46(3):405-410
The reactionpp→p f (K + K -π+π-)p s , where theK + K ? π+π- system is centrally produced, has been studied at 300 GeV/c. TheK *0 \(K^{*0} \bar K^{*0} \) final state has been observed and the cross sections for its central production are found to be the same at 300 and 85 GeV/c. TheK *0 \(K^{*0} \bar K^{*0} \) final state appears to be produced as a non-resonant threshold enhancement. 相似文献
39.
Solvent-induced crystallization of quenched isotactic polypropylene (iPP) films in dichloromethane, cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform has been investigated.WAXD, density, and DSC measurements indicate that smectic iPP films undergo a complex rearrangement of the structure in these liquids, leading to a process of crystallization.Transport properties of the dried samples, after the solvent treatment, show that the first stage of crystallization involves, in addition to the smectic phase, a fraction of amorphous phase, while further crystallization regards only the smectic phase.The morphology of the crystallized samples has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy following permanganic etching. No change in the basic morphology is found, although local organization showing splaying and branching appears clearer in the solvent crystallized samples than in the starting smectic sample. 相似文献
40.
K. Varvell A. M. Cooper-Sarkar M. A. Parker R. A. Sansum M. Aderholz N. Armenise J. P. Baton F. W. Bullock M. Berggren D. Bertrand V. Brisson W. Burkot M. Calcchio E. F. Claytoh T. Coghen O. Erriquez P. J. Fitch G. Gerbier J. Guy P. O. Hulth G. Iaselli G. T. Jones P. Kasper H. Klein C. Kochowski P. Marage M. Mermikides R. P. Middleton D. R. O. Morrison M. M. Mobayyen S. Natali M. Neveu S. Nuzzo S. W. O'Neale P. Petiau A. Petrides F. Ruggieri J. Sacton E. Simopoulou C. Vallee A. Vayaki W. A. Venus H. Wachsmuth J. Wells W. Wittek BEBC WA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1987,36(1):1-13
The isoscalar nucleon structure functionsF 2(x, Q 2) andxF 3(x, Q 2) are measured in the range 0<Q 2<64 GeV2, 1.7<W 2<250 GeV2,x<0.7 using ν and \(\bar v\) interactions on neon in BEBC. The data are used to evaluate possible higher twist contributions and to determine their impact on the evaluation of the QCD parameter Λ. In contrast to previous analyses reaching to such lowW 2 values, it is found that a low \(\Lambda _{\overline {MS} } \) value in the neighbourhood of 100 MeV describes the data adequately and that the contribution of dynamical higher twist effects is small and negative. 相似文献