Gelatinizing of Aqueous Solutions of Transition-Metal Complexes

The gelatinizing of aqueous solutions of transition-metal complexes with hydroxy acids was studied. The mechanism of gelatinizing of these solutions was suggested.     

X-ray Cerenkov radiation at grazing incidence of electrons

We have developed a theory of X-ray Cerenkov radiation for grazing incidence of relativistic electrons on a thin foil while taking into account absorption, reflection and refraction of radiation. The possibilities for the enhancement of radiation intensity are discussed on the basis of the theory developed.     

Channeling of fast charged and neutral particles in nanotubes

We present a theory to describe the propagation of relativistic charged particles, X-rays and thermal neutrons through straight or slightly bent nanotubes and calculated the spectra of electromagnetic radiation accompanying the channeling of charged particles.     

Relativistic effects in kurchatovium chemistry

Using the relativistic multiconfigurational Dirac-Fock method, the first four ionization potentials of Ku, the promotion energies of the atom, and the atomic and ionic radii were calculated. The enthalpy of sublimation of metallic Ku was estimated. Relativistic SCF-X scattering wave Dirac-Slater computations of the tetrachlorides of group IV elements were performed. The lower halides of Ku are predicted to be more stable and less volatile than the respective Hf compounds, due to the ds² p ground state in the Ku atom.     

Effect of edge vacancies on localized states in a semi-infinite zigzag graphene sheet

The effect of vacancies on the robustness of zero-energy edge electronic states in zigzag-type graphene layer is studied at different concentrations and distributions of defects. All calculations are performed by using the Green’s function method and the tight-binding approximation. It is found that the arrangement of defects plays a crucial role in the destruction of the edge states. We have specified a critical distance between edge vacancies when their mutual influence becomes significant and affects markedly the density of electronic states at graphene edge.     

Evidence of the hydroxyl radical formation upon the photolysis of an iron-rich clay in aqueous solutions

With the use of laser flash photolysis, the formation of hydroxyl radicals upon the photolysis of an iron-rich clay (montmorillonite KSF) was demonstrated. The ^•OH radical was shown to be formed by the photolysis of the Fe(OH)_aq ²⁺ complex that escaped from the clay into the solution bulk.     

Photolysis of [PtBr6]2– complex in frozen methanol matrix

Photochemistry of the [PtBr₆]^2– complex in the low-temperature methanol matrix (77 K) was studied by low-temperature spectrophotometry and ESR spectroscopy. The [PtBr₄]^2– complex is the main photolysis product. The mechanism of two-electron reduction of the platinum(IV) ion is proposed. The primary photochemical process is electron transfer from the solvent molecule to the photoexcited initial complex to form the intermediate radical complex ([PtBr₆]^3–...^·CH₂OH). The transfer of the second electron in the radical complex produces the final reaction products.     

Applied plasma spectroscopy: Laser-fusion experiments

High-energy-density plasmas created in laser-fusion experiments are diagnosed with X-ray spectroscopy. Hans Griem, considered the father of modern plasma spectroscopy, provided an excellent foundation for this research. He studied the effect of plasma particles, in particular the fast-moving free electrons, on the Stark-broadening of spectral line shapes in plasmas [H. Griem, Phys. Rev. 125 (1962) 177]. Over the last three decades, X-ray spectroscopy has been used to record the remarkable progress made in inertial confinement fusion research. Four areas of X-ray spectroscopy for laser-fusion experiments are highlighted in this paper: Kα emission spectroscopy to diagnose target preheat by suprathermal electrons, Stark-broadened K-shell emissions of mid-Z elements to diagnose compressed densities and temperatures of implosion cores, K- and L-shell absorption spectroscopy to diagnose the relatively cold imploding shell (the “piston”) that does not emit X rays, and multispectral monochromatic imaging of implosions to diagnose core temperature and density profiles. The seminal research leading to the original X-ray spectroscopy experiments in these areas will be discussed and compared to current state-of-the-art measurements.