NONCOOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE NORTHEAST ATLANTIC COD FISHERY: A FIRST MOVER ADVANTAGE

The point of departure for this analysis is Bjørndal and Lindroos [2012], who developed an empirical bioeconomic model to analyze cooperative and noncooperative management of Northeast Atlantic cod. In their analysis, only constant strategies were analyzed for noncooperative games. In this paper, nonconstant strategies are considered. Moreover, the fishery in question is characterized by cooperative management. What may happen in the real world is that one nation breaks the cooperative agreement by fishing in excess of its quota. Often, it takes time for the other agent to detect this and respond. In this paper, we allow this kind of delayed response into a two‐agent noncooperative game so that, if country 2 exceeds its quota, there will be a time lag before this is detected by country 1; moreover, there may also be a delay until country 1 is able to respond. Results show that the outcome critically depends on the length of these two lags as well as initial conditions.     

Intercomparison of industrial near-infrared diffuse reflectance measurements

An intercomparison of diffuse reflectance measurements in the near-infrared region was carried out. Fourteen participants from industry and academia measured a number of different reflectance standards, calibrated at the NPL, over the wavelength range from 800 to 2500 nm. Measurements were made in the integrating sphere geometries, i.e. specular included and specular excluded and in the 0/45 geometry. The results of the intercomparison are presented. The raw data results showed significant variations in the value of diffuse reflectance measured across industry, in excess of 80% difference from NPL reflectance values in some cases. Renormalisation of the data to the NPL near-infrared diffuse reflectance scale significantly improved the agreement in measured values between participants, most being within 5% of the NPL values. Integrating sphere errors were present in many of the instruments used.     

A Machine‐Assisted Flow Synthesis of SR48692: A Probe for the Investigation of Neurotensin Receptor‐1

Here we report the direct comparison of a conventional batch mode synthesis of Meclinertant (SR48692, 1 ), a neurotensin receptor‐1 antagonist, with its machine‐assisted flow chemistry alternative. By using these enabling tools, combined with solid‐supported reagents and scavengers, many process advantages were observed. Care, however, must be taken not to convert these techniques into expensive solutions to problems that do not exist.