Thermal stability and degradation of the post-use reclaim milk pouches during multiple extrusion cycles

In the present study, the recyclability of the post-use milk pouches (50/50 LDPE–LLDPE blend) was evaluated with or without adding stabilizer. Thoroughly washed and dried post-use milk pouch films were extruded five times at high temperature (483–513 K) in the open atmosphere. The mode of degradation during extrusion operation was studied by melt flow index (MFI), rheological properties, gel content and FT-IR analysis. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was carried out to evaluate the thermal stability of the stabilized and un-stabilized recycled mass from post-use milk pouch under this investigation. Mechanical properties (tensile strength, % elongation at break, tensile modulus and hardness) of the un-stabilized extruded material were significantly affected as a result of thermooxidative degradation during extrusion in presence of air. After all, stabilization with 0.4% anti-oxidant satisfactorily retains all the initial properties of the recycled material.     

Polarographie von Indium(III) in Alkali-und Erdalkalinitratlösungen

Zusammenfassung Es wurde das polarographische Verhalten von Indium(III) in verschiedenen Nitraten in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration untersucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden unter besonderer Beachtung der Faktoren Viskosität, Diffusionskoeffizienten und Ionensolvatation interpretiert. Die scheinbaren Geschwindigkeitskonstanten wurden nach dem Verfahren vonDelahay bestimmt und ein quasireversibles Verhalten festgestellt.

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Polarography of indium(III) in alkali and alkaline earth nitrates

Polarographic behavior of Indium(III) in several nitrates of varying concentrations has been studied and resuts interpreted in the light of factors viscosity, diffusion coefficients and ion solvation. The apparent rate constants were determined byDelahay's treatment which revealed its quasireversible behavior.

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An den allfällige Korrespondenz zu richten ist.     

Nucleation of β-hairpin structure in a pyrrole amino acid containing peptide

Synthesis and conformational studies of two short peptides containing pyrrole amino acids (1, Paa), Boc-Paa-Paa-d-Pro-Gly-Xaa-Paa-Paa-OMe (2: Xaa=Ala; 3: Xaa=Val), were carried out in which it was established that replacement of Ala in 2 with a Val residue helps peptide 3 to adopt a well-defined β-hairpin conformation in a nonpolar solvent, like CDCl₃.     

Synthesis of chiral α-amino acids

A novel method for the synthesis of chiral α-amino acids has been developed where the acid functionality was constructed by oxidizing a hydroxymethyl group introduced by Evans’ method in the α-position of an appropriate acid substrate and the amino part came from the amide of the original carboxyl group following a modified Hofmann rearrangement reaction.     

Determination of gold by neutron activation analysis in some selected rocks and plants and its bearing on the genesis of auriferous quartz veins in Singhbhum district,Bihar, Eastern India

Present investigation deals with neutron activation analysis of gold in some varieties of geological samples related to auriferous quartz veins. A few plant specimens of the area were also analyzed. The gold contents in the rock samples as determined by the destructive way of analysis vary in the range 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁷%. In case of plant samples, however, the non-destructive method of analysis of the plant ashes was followed and the concentration of gold was found to be of the order of 10⁻⁵%. In plants, besides gold, some associated elements, such as La, Ce, Sm, Lu, Zr, Hf, Se, W, As and Sb were also identified.     

Thermal and biological studies of Schiff bases of chitosan derived from heteroaryl aldehydes

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The synthesis of Schiff bases of chitosan is performed by the reaction of chitosan with different heteroaryl aldehydes, i.e., furfuraldehyde,...     

Causal Categories: Relativistically Interacting Processes

A symmetric monoidal category naturally arises as the mathematical structure that organizes physical systems, processes, and composition thereof, both sequentially and in parallel. This structure admits a purely graphical calculus. This paper is concerned with the encoding of a fixed causal structure within a symmetric monoidal category: causal dependencies will correspond to topological connectedness in the graphical language. We show that correlations, either classical or quantum, force terminality of the tensor unit. We also show that well-definedness of the concept of a global state forces the monoidal product to be only partially defined, which in turn results in a relativistic covariance theorem. Except for these assumptions, at no stage do we assume anything more than purely compositional symmetric-monoidal categorical structure. We cast these two structural results in terms of a mathematical entity, which we call a causal category. We provide methods of constructing causal categories, and we study the consequences of these methods for the general framework of categorical quantum mechanics.     

Dislocation driven chromium precipitation in Fe-9Cr binary alloy: a positron lifetime study

The influence of initial heat treatment on anomalous Cr precipitation within high temperature solubility region of the Fe–9Cr alloy has been investigated using positron lifetime studies. Air-quenched samples with pre-existing dislocations exhibited a distinct annealing stage in positron lifetime between 800 and 1100?K corresponding to Cr-precipitation. During this stage, Transmission Electron Microscopy showed fine precipitates of average size 4 nm, dispersed throughout the sample and from Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis they are found to be Cr-enriched. The presence of dislocations is found to be responsible for Cr precipitation.