Unsteady model of drop Marangoni migration in microgravity

The experiments of drop Marangoni migration have been performed by the drop shift facility of short period of 4.5 s, and the drop accelerates gradually to an asymptotic velocity during the free fall. The unsteady and axisymmetric model is developed to study the drop migration for the case of moderate Reynolds numberRe=O(1), and the results are compared with the experimental ones in the present paper. Both numerical and experimental results show that the migration velocity for moderate Reynolds number is several times smaller than that given by the linear YGB theory. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (19789201) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (95-Yu-34)     

聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝在纺丝过程中纳米孔变化规律与机理研究

应用小角X射线散射等方法, 系统、定量地测试表征了聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝中纳米孔的尺寸、形状、体积分数、单位体积中纳米孔绝对数量以及纤维总孔洞率等形态结构参量, 并对这些参量在水洗、水洗牵伸、热致密化、高压蒸汽牵伸及热稳定化等工艺过程中的变化规律及原因进行了研究. 结果表明, 纺丝过程中牵伸及高温热处理均可使纤维总孔洞率逐步下降. 纳米孔尺寸体积分数V_i测试表明, 对于小于10 nm³的小纳米孔和大于10³ nm³的较大纳米孔, 两者的V_i在纺丝初期水洗牵伸工艺中分别为0.217和0.369, 而在纺丝后期热稳定化处理后发生大幅度改变, 分别为0.948 与0.015. 其原因并不是在高压蒸汽牵伸及热稳定处理中较小纳米孔含量的增加, 而是较大纳米孔含量的大幅度减少. 纳米孔形状研究表明, 纺丝工艺中的多次牵伸处理均使纳米孔的长短轴比加大, 而大于玻璃化温度的热处理均使纳米孔长短轴比收缩, 并且对于较小纳米孔来说这种收缩更为显著.     

一种高速插秧机作业面积自动测量系统设计

为实现对插秧机作业区域和作业边界的自动识别以及作业面积的实时自动测量,根据GPS定位信息采集、作业区域及边界的自动识别算法以及作业面积自动求算算法展开研究,并通过VisualBasic.NET2010设计了一种基于STC单片机和GPS定位技术的高速插秧机作业面积测量系统;同时系统设计中对各个硬件模块结构进行了优化,并完成了在C语言环境中驱动程序的编写工作,该系统在机械作业时,通过对GPS定位轨迹信息的分析处理后,能够自动计算机械动态作业面积;试验结果表明:该系统能够完成对工作时间、工作地点和作业面积等相关信息的实时记录的要求,并能完成不规则图形面积测量工作,数据共享度大,价格低廉,且相对误差可达1.25%左右,能适合其它各种农业机械完成对作业面积的测量,一定程度上为精细农业的发展提供了依据。     

Surface characterization of 7S and 11S globulin powders from soy protein examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy

In this study the surface composition of 7S and 11S globulin powders from soybean proteins by aqueous buffer and reverse micelle extractions had been examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis by XPS revealed that the O and N atomic percentage of 7S and 11S globulin surfaces from bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelle was higher than from aqueous buffer, but the C atomic percentage was lower. The O/C ratio of the 7S globulin powder from aqueous buffer and reverse micelle was similar while significant differences were obtained in the O/C ratio of the 11S globulin powder, N/C atom ratios of the 7S and 11S globulin powders and high-resolution XPS C 1s, N 1s, O 1s spectra. Powder microstructure after reverse micelle treatment showed the presence of small pores, indicating the effect of reverse micelle on the 7S and 11S globulin structure. The obtained results indicated that the reverse micelle could affect the C, O and N components on the surface of soybean proteins.     

Simple, stable and sensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence detector for high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in direct determination of multiple fluoroquinolone residues in milk

A simple, stable and sensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) detector was developed. It was based on tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)₃²⁺) immobilized on the surface of a Pt wire with Nepem-105D ion exchange solution. The detector was prepared by inserting a Pt wire with immobilized Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ (working electrode) into a capillary tube, followed by inserting another Pt wire (counter electrode) in this tube and sealing. ECL behavior was investigated using ofloxacin as an analyte. Under optimal conditions, stable ECL intensity was obtained. This detector has been used in HPLC-ECL for the determination of multiple target fluoroquinolone residues in milk. There is no post column reagent addition, which would dilute the analytes, potentially leading to chromatographic band-broadening. The system is very simple with low dead volume, low baseline and background noise, together with high sensitivity and stability. The as-prepared ECL detector, when was used for the determination of ofloxacin, pefloxacin, enrofloxacin and difloxacin in milk, demonstrated adequate sensitivity to allow quantification of trace FQ levels in commercial milk samples. One or more of the target FQ analytes were present at levels above the LOD of the new ECL detector in each and every one of the 22 milk samples analysed.     

Optimization of a Multiplex PCR Assay for Detecting Transgenic Soybean Components in Feed Products

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of multiple components of genetically modified (GM) soybean. It uses two sets of primers (I, lectin1/35S/CP4; II, lectin2/35S/CP4) specific for a soybean reference gene, the 35S promoter, and an event-specific gene. Amplified fragments of 118, 414, 195, and 320 bp were easily detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and were positively confirmed by sequencing. Primer set concentrations and annealing temperatures in the m-PCR were optimized. The optimized m-PCR conditions were obtained for primer set I at a ratio of 1:2:3 and a 59.2 °C annealing temperature and set II at the same ratio and 58.6 °C, 60.3 °C, and 61.2 °C annealing temperatures. The sensitivities of the two m-PCR primer sets (I and II) were 0.25% and 0.5%, respectively. The results showed that this m-PCR assay provides rapid, reliable, and effective identification of multiple components of GM soybean in feed.     

Expeditious one-pot synthesis of C3-piperazinyl-substituted quinolines: key precursors to potent c-Met inhibitors

An effective one-pot synthesis of quinolines bearing diverse C3-piperazinyl functions was developed by using a modified Friedl?nder's protocol. The method not only enables the synthesis of our early reported c-Met inhibitor on a large scale, but also provides a way to generate novel multi-substituted quinolines for further structure-activity relationship (SAR) study.     

A facile hydrothermal method to BiSbO4 nanoplates with superior photocatalytic performance for benzene and 4-chlorophenol degradations

BiSbO(4) nanoplates with a large BET specific area has been prepared successfully via a facile hydrothermal reaction from Sb(2)O(3) and Bi(NO(3))(3). The effects of reaction conditions and the precursors on the final products were investigated. It is proposed that the redox reaction between Sb(2)O(3) and Bi(NO(3))(3) plays a pivotal role in the formation of nanocrystalline BiSbO(4). The hydrothermally prepared nanocrystalline BiSbO(4) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N(2)-sorption BET surface area, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The DRS result clarifies that BiSbO(4), originally believed to be a visible light responsive photocatalyst, is indeed UV light responsive with a band gap of 3.5 eV. The existence of Bi containing an impurity may be responsible for the visible light response of BiSbO(4) prepared via a conventional solid state reaction. BiSbO(4) nanoplates prepared via the hydrothermal method showed superior photocatalytic performance for the degradation of benzene and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) as compared to BiSbO(4) prepared via a solid state reaction and Degussa P25. BiSbO(4(Hy)) nanoplates can be a promising photocatalyst in the treatment of environmental pollution.     

Lewis acid catalyzed cyclization of glycals/2-deoxy-D-ribose with arylamines: additional findings on product structure and reaction diastereoselectivity

The cyclization reactions of arylamines with 2-deoxy-D-ribose or glycals were reinvestigated in the current report. In the montmorillonite KSF- or InCl(3)-initiated reactions of 2-deoxy-D-ribose with arylamines, a pair of diastereomeric tetrahydro-2H-pyran-fused tetrahydroquinolines was obtained in a nearly 1:1 ratio where the structure of one diastereomer was incorrectly assigned in the literature. Meanwhile, the diastereoselectivity in InBr(3)-catalyzed cyclization of glycals with arylamines was also incorrectly reported previously. It was found that high diastereomeric selectivity was achieved only when a C5-substituted glycal was used; otherwise, a pair of diastereomers was obtained in moderate yield with 1:1 diastereomeric ratio. Furthermore, tetrahydrofuran-fused tetrahydroquinolines 5b and 5b' were also prepared successfully by using TBDPS-protected ribose as the glycal precursor and montmorillonite KSF as the activator.     

平面滑移铰内发生自激振动的充分条件

自激振动是含摩擦机械系统最严重也最具破坏性的运动形式. 目前, 通常以增加润滑的方式 尽可能减少自激振动. 本文以平面滑移铰为研究对象, 假设铰连接的物体为刚体, 并且认为 铰内的间隙为小量, 推导了平面滑移铰内产生不符合物理事实解的条件. 这可看作是导致系 统产生自激振动的一种诱因. 该条件适用于任何含平面滑移铰的机械系统.