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61.
Y B S R Prasad V K Senecha H C Pant M P Kamath G S Solanki P K Tripathi A P Kulkarni S Gupta R Pareek A S Joshi N Sreedhar Sameer Nigam C P Navathe 《Pramana》2000,55(5-6):797-802
The x-ray emission from slab targets of copper irradiated by Nd:glass laser (1.054 μm, 5 and 15 ns) at intensities between 1012 and 1011W/cm2 has been studied. The x-ray emissions were monitored with the help of high quantum efficiency x-ray silicon photo diodes
and vacuum photo diodes, all covered with aluminium filters of different thickness. The x-ray intensity vs the laser intensity
has a scaling factor of (1.2–1.92). The relative x-ray conversion efficiency follows an empirical relationship which is in
close agreement with the one reported by Babonneau et al. The ion velocities were monitored using Langmuir probes placed at different angles and radial distances from the target
position. The variation of the ion velocity with the laser intensity follows a scaling of the form Φ
β
where β ∼0.22 which is in good agreement with the reported scaling factor values. The results on the x-ray emission from Cu plasma
are reported. 相似文献
62.
Das Ranjita S. Warkhade Swapnil K. Kumar Anupama Wankhade Atul V. 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2019,45(4):1689-1705
Research on Chemical Intermediates - In the present investigation, an efficient visible light-active, graphene oxide-based zirconium oxide nanocomposite (GO–ZrO2) has been synthesized by... 相似文献
63.
Based on XPS and UVPS studies, it is shown that oxygen is preferentially adsorbed molecularly in the singlet state on Cu and Ag surfaces containing presorbed chlorine. Adsorption of chlorine on Cu and Ag surfaces containing presorbed atomic oxygen causes a disappearance of the oxygen. Extended Hückel calculations predict the observed behaviour. 相似文献
64.
65.
Enantioselective synthesis of γ-aryl-γ-butyrolactones is achieved using (S)-1-phenylethylamine as a chiral auxiliary. The synthesis involves cascade formation-destruction-formation of the chiral centre with a delayed stereoselective step. The actual stereoselective step has been found to be intramolecular nucleophilic attack on a diastereotopic carbocation formed, thereby resulting in the formation of non-racemic γ-aryl-γ-butyrolactones. 相似文献
66.
Prajeesh Gangadharan Puthiya Veetil Anupama Vijaya Nadaraja Arya Bhasi Sudheer Khan Krishnakumar Bhaskaran 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,167(6):1603-1612
Triclosan (2, 4, 4??-trichloro-2??-hydroxyl diphenyl ether) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent present in a number of house hold consumables. Aerobic and anaerobic enrichment cultures tolerating triclosan were developed and 77 bacterial strains tolerating triclosan at different levels were isolated from different inoculum sources. Biodegradation of triclosan under aerobic, anoxic (denitrifying and sulphate reducing conditions), and anaerobic conditions was studied in batch cultures with isolated pure strains and enrichment consortium developed. Under aerobic conditions, the isolated strains tolerated triclosan up to 1?g/L and degraded the compound in inorganic-mineral-broth and agar media. At 10?mg/L level triclosan, 95?±?1.2% was degraded in 5?days, producing phenol, catechol and 2, 4-dichlorophenol as the degradation products. The strains were able to metabolize triclosan and its degradation products in the presence of monooxygenase inhibitor 1-pentyne. Under anoxic/anaerobic conditions highest degradation (87%) was observed in methanogenic system with acetate as co-substrate and phenol, catechol, and 2, 4-dichlorophenol were among the products. Three of the isolated strains tolerating 1?g/L triclosan were identified as Pseudomonas sp. (BDC 1, 2, and 3). 相似文献
67.
Lubna N Kamath G Potoff JJ Rai N Siepmann JI 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(50):24100-24107
An extension of the transferable potentials for phase equilibria united-atom (TraPPE-UA) force field to thiol, sulfide, and disulfide functionalities and thiophene is presented. In the TraPPE-UA force field, nonbonded interactions are governed by a Lennard-Jones plus fixed point charge functional form. Partial charges are determined through a CHELPG analysis of electrostatic potential energy surfaces derived from ab initio calculations at the HF/6-31g+(d,p) level. The Lennard-Jones well depth and size parameters for four new interaction sites, S (thiols), S(sulfides), S(disulfides), and S(thiophene), were determined by fitting simulation data to pure-component vapor-equilibrium data for methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, and thiophene, respectively. Configurational-bias Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble combined with histogram-reweighting methods were used to calculate the vapor-liquid coexistence curves for methanethiol, ethanethiol, 2-methyl-1-propanethiol, 2-methyl-2-propanethiol, 2-butanethiol, pentanethiol, octanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, diethyl sulfide, ethylmethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, diethyl disulfide, and thiophene. Excellent agreement with experiment is achieved, with unsigned errors of less than 1% for saturated liquid densities and less than 3% for critical temperatures. The normal boiling points were predicted to within 1% of experiment in most cases, although for certain molecules (pentanethiol) deviations as large as 5% were found. Additional calculations were performed to determine the pressure-composition behavior of ethanethiol+n-butane at 373.15 K and the temperature-composition behavior of 1-propanethiol+n-hexane at 1.01 bar. In each case, a good reproduction of experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium separation factors is achieved; both of the coexistence curves are somewhat shifted because of overprediction of the pure-component vapor pressures. 相似文献
68.
Anupama Sachdeva Mahesh Kumar Vandna Luthra R. P. Tandon 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2011,104(1):103-108
We report here the formation of single phase lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanopowder with composition Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 and average crystallite size 12?C20?nm, synthesized by sol?Cgel process. The phase evolution of PZT gel powder, heat treated at temperatures 550, 650 and 800°C was monitored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). The high resolution XPS spectra of Pb4f, Zr3d, Ti2p and O1s show that PZT with pure perovskite structure is obtained at 800°C while at lower temperatures pyrochlore phase co-exists with perovskite phase. The XRD results also support this analysis. We have also identified the pyrochlore phase using XPS by analyzing the corresponding variations in the FWHM values, peak positions and the separation between the spin doublets of Pb, Zr and Ti associated with it. The composition of the final powder obtained with pure perovskite structure is calculated and is close to the designed value. 相似文献
69.
70.
Pandey S Ali M Kamath G Pandey S Baker SN Baker GA 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2012,403(8):2361-2366
Acridine orange (AO) was used as a fluorescent probe molecule to study the encapsulation of an alkylimidazolium cation from a water-soluble ionic liquid (IL) within two cavitand species, p-tetranitrocalix[4]arene (1) and calix[4]resorcinarene (2), both in alkaline aqueous media. The addition of IL to the preformed [1·AO] adduct resulted in significantly increased fluorescence due to the expulsion of AO from the inclusion complex to the aqueous phase by competitive recognition of the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([C(n)mim](+), n = 4 and 6) by 1. Conversely, the fluorescence signal dropped upon the addition of IL to the [2·AO] host-guest complex due to unfavorable binding between [C(n)mim](+) and 2. The formation of these postulated adducts is corroborated using ab initio calculations, which also provide evidence for the location of [bmim](+) at the lower external rim of [2·AO], providing an explanation for the observed luminescence quenching in the latter case. These results point to a number of different paths for exploration, ranging from the fluorescence monitoring of IL contamination in groundwater to the "daisy chaining" of macrocyles toward supramolecular ionic networks. They also broadly encourage the exploration of ILs in host-guest-based optical and mass spectrometric sensory systems. 相似文献