Interplay between bulk viscoelasticity and surface energy in autohesive tack of rubber‐tackifier blends

The effects of change in surface energy and bulk viscoelastic properties on the autohesive tack strength of brominated isobutylene‐co‐p‐methylstyrene (BIMS) rubber have been investigated by the addition of hydrocarbon resin (HCR) tackifier and maleated hydrocarbon resin (MA‐g‐HCR) tackifier. The addition of compatible HCR tackifier results in a reasonable increment in the tack strength of BIMS rubber by modifying only the bulk viscoelastic properties (compliance, entanglement molecular weight, relaxation time, self‐diffusion, and monomer friction coefficient values) of BIMS rubber to perform better during the course of bonding and debonding steps of the peel test. Incorporation of MA‐g‐HCR tackifier (containing 5–20 wt % of grafted maleic anhydride) steadily increases the tack strength of BIMS rubber further by precisely modifying both the surface energy and bulk viscoelastic properties to perform much better in the bonding and debonding steps. However, beyond 20 wt % of grafted maleic anhydride in the HCR tackifier, the tack strength starts decreasing due to the incompatibility between the blend components, and hence, the bulk viscoelastic properties required for bond formation are severely retarded by the interrelated reinforcing effect and the phase separation effect of the brittle MA‐g‐HCR tackifier in the BIMS rubber. Hence, the polar groups in a tackifier will contribute to significant enhancement of autohesive tack strength only if the bulk viscoelastic property of the rubber‐tackifier blend is favorable for bond formation and bond separation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 972–982, 2010     

New cyclopentadienylzirconium(IV) complexes of N-phthaloyl amino acids

Transition Metal Chemistry - Cyclopentadienylzirconium(IV) complexes of N-phthaloyl amino acids of general formulae Cp2Zr(L)nCl2?n (n = 1 or 2) and CpZrCl(L)2 (LH = N-phthaloyl derivatives of...     

Approximating geometric bottleneck shortest paths

In a geometric bottleneck shortest path problem, we are given a set S of n points in the plane, and want to answer queries of the following type: given two points p and q of S and a real number L, compute (or approximate) a shortest path between p and q in the subgraph of the complete graph on S consisting of all edges whose lengths are less than or equal to L. We present efficient algorithms for answering several query problems of this type. Our solutions are based on Euclidean minimum spanning trees, spanners, and the Delaunay triangulation. A result of independent interest is the following. For any two points p and q of S, there is a path between p and q in the Delaunay triangulation, whose length is less than or equal to 2π/(3cos(π/6)) times the Euclidean distance |pq| between p and q, and all of whose edges have length at most |pq|.     

A planar model for interacting fermions

One-particle Green function in the paramagnetic phase of a model of interacting fermions is obtained in the planar approximation. The model is zero-dimensional, in that thermal fluctuations are the only source of kinetic energy.     

On the representation of the interaction energy between two polar molecules

Summary An attempt has been made to represent the interaction energy between two polar molecules by using an effective relative orientation of the pair of the colliding molecules. Calculations made for gaseous ammonia show fairly satisfactory results.     

New flavonoid glycosides and other chemical constituents from Clerodendrum phlomidis leaves: isolation and characterisation

Phytochemical investigation of the plant Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. F. (Lamiaceae) has now led to the isolation of two new flavonoid glycosides (1, 2) together with six known compounds identified as pectolinaringenin (3), pectolinaringenin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), 24β-ethylcholesta-5,22E,25-triene-3β-ol (5), 24β-ethylcholesta-5,22E,25-triene-3β-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), (2S,3S,4R,10E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-10-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (7) and andrographolide (8) mainly by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 4 and 6–8 are reported for the first time from C. phlomidis.