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801.
The original BML model is extended by introducing extended sites, which can hold several vehicles at each time-step. Unexpectedly, the flow in the extended model sharply transits from free-flow to global jams, but the transition is not one-order in original BML model. And congestion in the extended model appears more easily. This can ascribe to the mixture of vehicles from different directions in one site, leading to the drop-off of the capacity of the site. Furthermore, the typical configuration of free flowing and global jams in the extended models is disorder, different from the regular structure in the original model. 相似文献
802.
We have investigated the performance of a graphite–boron composite (GBC) with 3?wt % boron as a precursor for a boron-doped diamond heater in a Kawai-type apparatus at 15?GPa. We first tested a machinable cylinder of GBC sintered at 1000°C in Ar/H2 gas (99:1 molar ratio). Boron oxide (B2O3) formed during sintering frequently hindered the GBC heater from stable operation at temperatures higher than 1400°C by producing melt throughout the heater together with oxide and/or silicates. We then rinsed the GBC heater in hydrochloric acid to remove B2O3. After rinsing, we succeeded in stably generating temperatures higher than 2000°C. We also improved a molding process of different-sized GBC tubes for convenient use and tested the molded GBC heater. It was free from the B2O3 problem. The electromotive force of the W/Re thermocouple was successfully monitored up to 2400°C. 相似文献
803.
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805.
Tian Lan Huichang Bi Suowen Xu Kang Le Zhiyong Xie Yiwei Liu Heqing Huang 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2010,24(10):1075-1083
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a key enzyme in modulating the levels of sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) as well as an important enzyme in numerous biological responses. Using C17‐sphingosine as a substrate, we established a rapid, sensitive and highly efficient method for determination of SphK activity by analyzing the product C17‐sphingosine 1‐phosphate (C17‐S1P) using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The standard curve for C17‐S1P was linear over a wide range (10–1000 ng/mL) with correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.999. The lower limit of quantification for C17‐S1P was 10 ng/mL. The Km values for C17‐sphingosine and ATP were determined to be 28.17 and 188.5 mM, respectively. More importantly, the SphK activity dramatically increased in cultured HEK 293 cells expressing wild‐type SphK1 as well as cells treated with tumor necrosis factor‐a, a sphingosine kinase activator. In contrast, the SphK activity decreased in cultured HEK 293 cells treated with dimethylsphngosine, a sphingosine kinase inhibitor. In conclusion, this method was sensitive and rapid in the determination of SphK acitivity, providing striking utilities in exploring the sphingosine kinase signaling pathway and screening active compounds targeting SphK activity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
806.
Al-doped MnO2 as electrode materials for supercapacitor were synthesized by high-energy ball milling. The morphologies and structures of
prepared MnO2 were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical
investigation indicated that doped MnO2 presented preferable electrochemical performances than un-doped MnO2, but there were obvious capacitance decline in the first several dozen of cycles for all doped MnO2 samples. The Al0.05/Mn0.95O2 electrode, especially, showed the largest capacitance among all prepared MnO2 samples. Excellent conductivity of Al in doped MnO2 was considered to be responsible for enhanced electrochemical performances of doped MnO2. 相似文献
807.
808.
The application of focused ion beam (FIB) machining in several technologies aimed at microstructure fabrication is presented. These emergent applications include the production of micromilling tools for machining of metals and the production of microsurgical tools. An example of the use of microsurgical manipulators in a circulatory system measurement is presented. The steps needed to transform the laboratory fabrication of these tools and manipulators into a routine FIB production process are discussed. The ion milling of three-dimensional cavities by the exact solution of a mathematical model of the FIB deflection is demonstrated. A good agreement between the model calculation and the ion beam control has been obtained for parabolic and cosine cross-section features with planes of symmetry. 相似文献
809.
Mei symmetry and Mei conserved quantity of nonholonomic systems with unilateral Chetaev type in Nielsen style
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This paper studies the Mei symmetry and Mei conserved quantity for nonholonomic systems of unilateral Chetaev type in Nielsen style. The differential equations of motion of the system above are established. The definition and the criteria of Mei symmetry, loosely Mei symmetry, strictly Mei symmetry for the system are given in this paper. The existence condition and the expression of Mei conserved quantity are deduced directly by using Mei symmetry. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results. 相似文献
810.
Thermal-annealing has been widely used in modulating the oxygen content of manganites. In this work, we have studied the effect of annealing on the transport properties and magnetoresistance of junctions composed of a La0.9Ca0.1MnO3+6 film and a Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrate. We have demonstrated that the magnetoresistance of junctions is strongly dependent on the annealing conditions: Prom the junction annealed-in-air to the junction annealedin-vacuum, the magnetoresistance near 0-V bias can vary from ~-60% to N~0. A possible mechanism accounting for this phenomenon is discussed. 相似文献