Effects of initial crystal size of diamond powder on surface residual stress and morphology in polycrystalline diamond (PCD) layer

Polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDC) were synthesized using diamond powder of average crystal size 3-20 μm by the Ni 70 Mn 25 Co 5 alloy infiltration technique at high temperature and high pressure (HPHT).The surface residual stress of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) layer was measured using micro-Raman spectroscopy with hydrostatic stress model and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Measurements of the stress levels of PCDs show that the residual compressive stresses range from 0.12 to 0.22 GPa,which increase with th...     

Theoretical study of the electronic ground states and low-lying singlet excited states of thiophene-based spirofluorenes

The electronic structures and optical properties of oligothiophene substituted spirofluorenes are investigated theoretically with semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations. A theoretical investigation of the interaction between two perpendicular π-systems of various oligothiophene substituted spirofluorenes is conducted. The results demonstrate that the interaction between two perpendicular branches is reduced by oligothiophene substitutions. Photoexcitation induced relaxation is mainly located on one of...     

High-Order Hamilton＇s Principle and the Hamilton＇s Principle of High-Order Lagrangian Function

In this paper, based on the theorem of the high-order velocity energy, integration and variation principle, the high-order Hamilton＇s principle of general holonomic systems is given. Then, three-order Lagrangian equations and four-order Lagrangian equations are obtained from the high-order Hamilton＇s principle. Finally, the Hamilton＇s principle of high-order Lagrangian function is given.     

Empty electronic states in the sodium tungsten bronzes: a study by inverse photoemission spectroscopy

Empty electronic states in the sodium tungsten bronze $\text{Na}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>2</mtext><mtext>3</mtext>}}\text{WO}{}_3$ have been studied by inverse photoemission spectroscopy using a novel narrow-bandpass photon detector. The empty density of states in the t_2g(W:5d) band peaks about 3 eV above the Fermi energy, implying an overall t_2g bandwidth greater than found in recent bandstructure calculations.     

Ultrasonic SH wave velocity in textured aluminium plates

Neutron diffraction has been used to measure the crystallite orientation distribution function for a sample of rolled aluminium plate. Based on this study an expression is given for the ultrasonic velocity of the fundamental horizontally polarized shear (SH) wave propagating in the plane of the plate at an angle θ to the rolling direction. This expression is correct to second order in the leading texture component and is compared with the exact numerical result and with measurements of the SH wave velocity for this plate. In textured materials the group and phase velocities are not, in general, parallel and an expression for the angle between them is derived. Inclusion of this effect leads to better agreement between experiment and theory. The results have application to the texture-independent determination of stress with ultrasonics recently proposed by MacDonald and Thompson et al.     

Measurements on diproton emission from the break-up channels of ~(23)Al and ~(22)Mg

Two-proton relative momentum distributions from the break-up channels 23Al→p+p+21Na and 22Mg→p+p+20Ne at an energy of 60-70 A MeV have been measured together with two-proton opening angles at the projectile fragment separator beamline (RIPS) in the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron Facility. The results demonstrate the existence of diproton emission component from single-step 2He for highly excited 23Al and 22Mg.     

Giant enhancement of the valence band photoemission intensity in γ-Ce

We have observed a giant enhancement of the Ce valence band emission above the 4d absorption threshold. It is interpreted as being due to autoionization decay following 4d¹⁰4f¹ → 4d⁹4f² transitions. By taking advantage of this effect we have been able to make a determination of the location of the 4f levels in γ-Ce.     

High-order squeezing of pure superposition states

Ｈｉｇｈ－ｏｒｄｅｒｓｑｕｅｅｚｉｎｇｏｆｐｕｒｅｓｕｐｅｒｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｔａｔｅｓＭＡＡｉｑｕｎ（ＨａｒｂｉｎＣｏｌｌｅｇｅ，Ｈａｒｂｉｎ，１５００２０，Ｃｈｉｎａ）ＺＨＡＮＧＹａｎｘｕｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＨａｒｂｉｎＮ...     

Flow Past a Swept Wing with a Compliant Surface: Stabilizing the Attachment-Line Boundary Layer

Many aquatic species such as dolphins and whales have fins, which can be modeled as swept wings. Some of these fins, such as the dorsal fin of a dolphin, are semi-rigid and therefore can be modeled as a rigid swept wing with a compliant surface. An understanding of the hydrodynamics of the flow past swept compliant surfaces is of great interest for understanding potential drag reduction mechanisms, especially since swept wings are widely used in hydrodynamic and aerodynamic design. In this paper, the flow past a swept wing with a compliant surface is modeled by an attachment-line boundary layer flow, which is an exact similarity solution of the Navier–Stokes equations, flowing past a compliant surface modeled as an elastic plate. The hydrodynamic stability of the coupled problem is studied using a new numerical framework based on exterior algebra. The basic instability of the attachment line boundary layer on a rigid surface is a traveling wave instability that propagates along the attachment line, and numerical results show that the compliance results in a substantial reduction in the instability region. Moreover, the results show that, although the flow-field is three-dimensional, the qualitative nature of the instability suppression is very similar to the qualitative reduction of instability of the two-dimensional Tollmien–Schlichting modes in the classical boundary-layer flow past a compliant surface.