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71.
Abe F Akimoto H Akopian A Albrow MG Amendolia SR Amidei D Antos J Anway-Wiese C Aota S Apollinari G Asakawa T Ashmanskas W Atac M Auchincloss P Azfar F Azzi-Bacchetta P Bacchetta N Badgett W Bagdasarov S Bailey MW Bao J de Barbaro P Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes VE Barnett BA Barzi E Bauer G Baumann T Bedeschi F Behrends S Belforte S Bellettini G Bellinger J Benjamin D Benlloch J Bensinger J Benton D Beretvas A Berge JP Berryhill J Bertolucci S Bhatti A Biery K Binkley M Bisello D Blair RE 《Physical review letters》1996,76(23):4307-4311
72.
73.
Abe F Albrow M Amidei D Anway-Wiese C Apollinari G Atac M Auchincloss P Azzi P Baden AR Bacchetta N Badgett W Bailey MW Bamberger A de Barbaro P Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes VE Barnett BA Bauer G Baumann T Bedeschi F Behrends S Belforte S Bellettini G Bellinger J Benjamin D Benlloch J Bensinger J Beretvas A Berge JP Bertolucci S Biery K Bhadra S Binkley M Bisello D Blair R Blocker C Bodek A Bolognesi V Booth AW Boswell C Brandenburg G Brown D Buckley-Geer E Budd HS Busetto G Byon-Wagner A 《Physical review D: Particles and fields》1993,48(3):998-1008
74.
Haque SA Palomares E Cho BM Green AN Hirata N Klug DR Durrant JR 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(10):3456-3462
In this paper we focus upon the electron injection dynamics in complete dye-sensitized nanocrystalline metal oxide solar cells (DSSCs). Electron injection dynamics are studied by transient absorption and emission studies of DSSCs and correlated with device photovoltaic performance and charge recombination dynamics. We find that the electron injection dynamics are dependent upon the composition of the redox electrolyte employed in the device. In a device with an electrolyte composition yielding optimum photovoltaic device efficiency, electron injection kinetics exhibit a half time of 150 ps. This half time is 20 times slower than that for control dye-sensitized films covered in inert organic liquids. This retardation is shown to result from the influence of the electrolyte upon the conduction band energetics of the TiO2 electrode. We conclude that optimum DSSC device performance is obtained when the charge separation kinetics are just fast enough to compete successfully with the dye excited-state decay. These conditions allow a high injection yield while minimizing interfacial charge recombination losses, thereby minimizing "kinetic redundancy" in the device. We show furthermore that the nonexponential nature of the injection dynamics can be simulated by a simple inhomogeneous disorder model and discuss the relevance of our findings to the optimization of both dye-sensitized and polymer based photovoltaic devices. 相似文献
75.
Aihara H Alston-Garnjost M Bakken JA Barbaro-Galtieri A Barnes AV Barnett BA Bengtsson H Blumenfeld BJ Bross AD Buchanan CD Chamberlain O Chien C Clark AR Cordier A Dahl OI Day CT Derby KA Eberhard PH Fancher DL Fujii H Fujii T Gabioud B Gary JW Gorn W Hadley NJ Hauptman JM Hofmann W Huth JE Hylen J Kamae T Kaye HS Kenney RW Kerth LT Koda RI Kofler RR Kwong KK Layter JG Lindsey CS Loken SC Lu X Lynch GR Madansky L Madaras RJ Maruyama K Marx JN Matthews JA Melnikoff SO Moses W Nemethy P 《Physical review letters》1985,54(4):270-273
76.
77.
The complete assignment of 19F, 1H and 13C NMR spectra for a monosubstituted octafluoro[2.2]paracyclophane derivative is described for the first time. The unambiguous assignments were achieved through the combination of 19F--1H HOESY, 1H COSY and 19F COSY techniques and then further confirmed employing a complementary approach using a Karplus-dependent 3JCF interaction. Interesting aspects of the coupling patterns for various JHH, JHF, JCF and JFF interactions are also discussed. 相似文献
78.
Alex Berlin Neil Gilkes Douglas Kilburn Vera Maximenko Renata Bura Alexander Markov Anton Skomarovsky Alexander Gusakov Arkady Sinitsyn Oleg Okunev Irina Solovieva John N. Saddler 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2006,130(1-3):528-545
Seven cellulase preparations from Penicillium and Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their ability to hydrolyze the cellulose fraction of hardwoods (yellow poplar and red maple) pretreated by organosolv extraction, as well as model cellulosic substrates such as filter paper. There was no significant correlation among hydrolytic performance on pretreated hardwood, based on glucose release, and filter paper activity. However, performance on pretreated hardwood showed significant correlations to the levels of endogenous β-glucosidase and xylanase activities in the cellulase preparation. Accordingly, differences in performance were reduced or eliminated following supplementation with a crude β-glucosidase preparation containing both activities. These results complement a previous investigation using softwoods pretreated by either organosolv extraction or steam explosion. Cellulase preparations that performed best on hardwood also showed superior performance on the softwood substrates. 相似文献
79.
80.
UV.-irradiation (λ ≥ 327 nm) of the α,β-unsaturated γ,δ-epoxy ketone 2 in pentane gives the isomers oxidoketone 3 and diketone 4, in high yield. On treatment with BF3O(C2H5)2, 2 undergoes rearrangement to the diketone 4 and the isomeric lactone 8 and yields also the dimer 9. 相似文献