Metallation of N-vinylpyrroles and -indoles with Hg(OAc)2: N-vinyl vs. pyrrole nucleophilic sites

N-Vinylpyrroles and -indoles bearing electron-withdrawing substituents at the pyrrole ring are mercurated, with 1 equivalent of Hg(OAc)(2) in dry MeCN (20-80 °C), regioselectively at the vinyl group (yields are almost quantitative), while their congeners without electron-withdrawing functions are mercurated both at the N-vinyl group and the pyrrole ring.     

Patterning in rapidly evaporated polymer solutions: formation of annular structures under evaporation of the poor solvent

Patterning in the intensively evaporated polymer solutions based on polystyrene and poor solvent (acetone) was investigated. SEM and AFM studies demonstrated that annular elements of the surface topography are formed in this case, in contrast to the honeycomb patterns obtained under the evaporation of the good solvent (chloroform). The authors suggest that the theory of viscous dewetting developed by de Gennes explains the phenomenon satisfactorily.     

Control of octahedral tilts and magnetic properties of perovskite oxide heterostructures by substrate symmetry

Perovskite transition-metal oxides are networks of corner-sharing octahedra whose tilts and distortions are known to affect their electronic and magnetic properties. We report calculations on a model interfacial structure which avoids chemical influences and show that the symmetry mismatch imposes an interfacial layer with distortion modes that do not exist in either bulk material, creating new interface properties driven by symmetry alone. Depending on the resistance of the octahedra to deformation, the interface layer can be as small as one unit cell or extend deep into the thin film.     

Controlling the Size and Morphology of Supramolecular Assemblies of Viologen–Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands

A novel class of self‐assembling nanoparticles is formed with viologen–resorcin[4]arene cavitands; the association model is strongly controlled by their hydrophobicity. Interestingly, the cavitand assemblies are designed through click chemistry to form self‐assembled noncovalently connected aggregates through counterion displacement. The iodide and benzoate ions are utilized as strongly polarizable counterions to induce cavitand self‐assembly. The counterion‐mediated decrease in hydrophilicity of the viologen–resorcin[4]arenes is the underlying trigger to induce particle formation. These particles can be used as nanocontainers and find their applications in delivery systems.     

The numerical integration of relative equilibrium solutions. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation

We analyse different error propagation mechanisms for conservativeand nonconservative time-integrators of nonlinear Schrödingerequations. We use a geometric approach based on interpretingwaves as relative equilibria.     

Dynamic Markov bridges motivated by models of insider trading

Given a Markovian Brownian martingale Z, we build a process X which is a martingale in its own filtration and satisfies X₁=Z₁. We call X a dynamic bridge, because its terminal value Z₁ is not known in advance. We compute its semimartingale decomposition explicitly under both its own filtration F^X and the filtration F^X,Z jointly generated by X and Z. Our construction is heavily based on parabolic partial differential equations and filtering techniques. As an application, we explicitly solve an equilibrium model with insider trading that can be viewed as a non-Gaussian generalization of the model of Back and Pedersen (1998) [3], where the insider’s additional information evolves over time.     

Synthesis of 2‐(Selenophen‐2‐yl)pyrroles and Their Electropolymerization to Electrochromic Nanofilms

Bridging pyrrole and selenophene chemistries : Molecular assemblies have been developed that allow scrutiny of the electronic communication between pyrrole and selenophene nuclei. Divergent syntheses of 2‐(selenophen‐2‐yl)pyrroles and their N‐vinyl derivatives from available 2‐acylselenophenes and acetylenes in a one‐pot procedure have been devised (see scheme), which provide access to these exotic heterocyclic ensembles.

     

Partnership formation and binomial semivalues

Partnership formation in cooperative games is studied, and binomial semivalues are used to measure the effects of such a type of coalition arising from an agreement between (a group of) players. The joint effect on the set of involved players is also compared with that of the alternative alliance formation. The simple game case is especially considered, and the application to a real life example illustrates the use of coalitional values closely related to the binomial semivalues when dealing with partnership formation and coalitional bargaining simultaneously.     

A note on multinomial probabilistic values

Multinomial values were previously introduced by one of the authors in reliability and extended later to all cooperative games. Here, we present for this subfamily of probabilistic values three new results, previously stated only for binomial semivalues in the literature. They concern the dimension of the subspace spanned by the multinomial values and two characterizations: one, individual, for each multinomial value; another, collective, for the whole subfamily they form. Finally, an application to simple games is provided.