Hypersurfaces d'un fibré vectoriel Riemannien à courbure de Gauss prescriteHypersurfaces of a Riemannian vector bundle with prescribed Gaussian curvature

Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold, E a Riemannian vector bundle on M and Σ the sphere subbundle of E. We look for embeddings of Σ into E admitting prescribed Gaussian curvatures of various types. To cite this article: A. Hanani, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 335 (2002) 927–930.     

Low thrombogenicity coating of nonwoven PET fiber structures for vascular grafts

Vascular PET grafts (Dacron) have shown good performance in large vessels (≥6 mm) applications. To address the urgent unmet need for small‐diameter (2–6 mm) vascular grafts, proprietary high‐compliance nonwoven PET fiber structures were modified with various PEG concentrations using PVA as a cross‐linking agent, to fabricate non‐thrombogenic mechanically compliant vascular grafts. The blood compatibility assays measured through platelet adhesion (SEM and mepacrine dye) and platelet activation (morphological changes, P‐selectin secretion, and TXB2 production) demonstrate that functionalization using a 10% PEG solution was sufficient to significantly reduce platelet adhesion/activation close to optimal literature‐reported levels observed on carbon‐coated ePTFE.

     

Resistivity and thermoelectric power of molten aluminium: experiment and theory

The electrical resistivity?ρ?of metallic liquid aluminium is measured as a function of temperature. The measurement needs an experimental design able to get the resistivity of a very reactive liquid metal. Liquid aluminium seems to be a simple metal. We first interpret the experimental results by using an ab initio calculation of the electrical resistivity ρ(E) as function of the electron energy, taking into account recent exchange and correlation contributions in the framework of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). But surprisingly the classical theoretical interpretation leads to an apparent inconsistency. Thus we discuss the sensitivity of the calculation on the inputs and propose improvements of the theoretical approach. They allow a better physical understanding of pure liquid aluminium which is absolutely necessary before undertaking the study of liquid aluminium alloys.     

Spin treatment-based approach for electronic transport in paramagnetic liquid transition metals

A novel concept is proposed to calculate both the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power (TEP) of liquid transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) characterized by a paramagnetic state in the liquid phase. By contrast to a previous work (PRB64, 094202 (2001)), where the resistivity was calculated by treating separately the interactions between spin up and spin down using the Matthiessen rule, our current approach is based on two types of muffin tin potentials in the t-matrix, namely spin up and spin down. The resistivity is treated as the result of the interference of the two kinds of spin states of electrons including a cross-contribution. The calculated resistivity values agree reasonably well with the available experimental ones for all the metals considered. Moreover, the calculated TEP, as deduced from the slope of resistivity vs. energy, has been found to be positive for Mn and Fe but negative for Co and Ni. Besides that, this formalism for resistivity calculation may be generalized to a system that may exist in different atomic states. It is worth mentioning that this concept is analogous to the one used in the process of neutron scattering on a metal composed of multiple isotopes.     

3D-QSAR,molecular docking and ADMET studies of thioquinazolinone derivatives against breast cancer

Breast cancer is a deadly disease and the second largest cause of mortality on a worldwide platform. Despite the availability of several cancer treatments, life expectancies stay relatively poor. Consequently, the medicinal chemistry community prioritizes the quick discovery of novel anticancer drugs. In recent years, computational approaches have been widely used to accelerate the drug development process. In light of this, in the current work, we performed three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) and molecular docking analyses on thioquinazolinone derivatives with aromatase enzyme (PDB: 3S7S). External validation was used to validate the prediction capabilities of the generated model. The best CoMSIA (comparative molecular similarity indices analysis) model exhibited the significant values of $Q^2$, $R^{2}and$ $R_{pred}^2$. These findings suggested that the electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond donor and acceptor fields have a significant effect on inhibition of breast cancer. Thus, a number of innovative potent aromatase inhibitors were designed and their biological activities were predicted based on the best model. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were carried out for the designed compounds against breast cancer. Additionally, ADMET proprieties were used to evaluate drug-likeness of these novel drug candidates. The most active compounds found by these computational studies could be helpful for synthesis and testing as prospective future anti-cancer treatments.     

A new logarithmic-quadratic proximal method for nonlinear complementarity problems

In this paper, we propose a new modified logarithmic-quadratic proximal (LQP) method for solving nonlinear complementarity problems (NCP). We suggest using a prediction-correction method to solve NCP. The predictor is obtained via solving the LQP system approximately under significantly relaxed accuracy criterion and the new iterate is computed by using a new step size α_k. Under suitable conditions, we prove that the new method is globally convergent. We report preliminary computational results to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. This new method can be considered as a significant refinement of the previously known methods for solving nonlinear complementarity problems.     

The Characterization of the Regularity of the Jacobian Determinant in the Framework of Bessel Potential Spaces on Domains

Let 2 m n. The paper gives necessary and sufficient conditionson the parameters s1, s2, ..., sm, p1, p2, ..., pm such thatthe Jacobian determinant extends to a bounded operator fromHs1p1 x Hs2p2 x ... x Hsmpm into S'. Here all spaces are definedon Rn or on domains Rn. In almost all cases the regularity ofthe Jacobian determinant is calculated exactly.     

The Characterisation of the Regularity of the Jacobian Determinant in the Framework of Potential Spaces

We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the parameterss₁, s₂, ..., s_m, p₁, p₂, ..., p_m such that the Jacobian determinantextends to a bounded operator from into Z'. Here all spaces are defined on Rⁿ and 2mn. In almostall cases the regularity of the Jacobian determinant is calculatedexactly.     

Sous-groupes canoniques et cycles évanescents <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adiques pour les variétés abéliennes

Sans résumé     

Effect of a liquid dispersed phase on the wall flow structure in static mixer

The effect of a liquid dispersed on the wall flow structure in static mixer is analyzed by using an electrochemical method. Both laminar and turbulent flows have been investigated. The axial wall velocity gradient and turbulent intensity have been studied along the static mixer in both flow regimes and for different dispersed phase concentrations. The spectral analysis of the wall velocity gradient fluctuations was analyzed in the turbulent regime. For volume fraction higher than 5%, the effect of the dispersed liquid phase is very important for all the studied parameters. The turbulence associated to the dispersed phase leads to an increase of the energy dissipation in the static mixer and also to a modification of energy dissipation mechanism.