Three new cholinesterase-inhibiting cis-clerodane diterpenoids from Otostegia limbata

Three new tricyclic cis-clerodane type diterpenoids trivially named as limbatolide A (1), limbatolide B (2) and limbatolide C (3) have been isolated from the roots of Otostegia limbata along with two known compounds; oleanic acid and beta-sitosterol. The structure elucidation of the new compounds was based primarily on two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques. Compounds 1-3 displayed inhibitory potential in a concentration-dependent manner against acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8) enzymes, respectively.     

Metal-based anticancer agents: targeting androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate and COX-positive pancreatic cancer cells by phenanthrenequinone semicarbazone and its metal complexes

A planar, polycyclic and aromatic hydrocarbon ligand, namely 9,10-phenanthrenequinone semicarbazone, and its transition metal complexes have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of these compounds against five human cancer cell lines revealed that they were effective against androgen receptor-positive/negative prostate cancer cells as well as COX-positive pancreatic BxPC-3 cancer cell line. The driving force behind such antiproliferative activity seems to be the up-regulated COX expression in these cells, which was amenable for targeting through metal complexation. These structural motifs can, therefore, serve as a starting point for developing novel cytotoxic agents against the growing number of prostate and pancreatic cancers.     

Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of Au2Gen-/0 (n=1-8) Clusters: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations

Investigating the structures and properties of Au-Ge mixed clusters can give insight into the microscopic mechanisms in gold-catalyzed Ge films and can also provide valuable information for the production of germanium-based functional materials. In this work, size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations were used to explore the structural evolution and electronic properties of Au₂Ge_n^-/0 (n=1-8) clusters. It is found that the two Au atoms in Au₂Ge_n^-/0 (n=1-8) showed high coordination numbers and weak aurophilic interactions. The global minima of Au₂Ge_n^- anions and Au₂Ge_n neutrals are in spin doublet and singlet states, respectively. Au₂Ge_n^- anions and Au₂Ge_n neutrals showed similar structural features, except for Au₂Ge₄^-/0 and Au₂Ge₅^-/0. The C_2v symmetric V-shaped structure is observed for Au₂Ge₁^-/0, while Au₂Ge₂^-/0 has a C_2v symmetric dibridged structure. Au₂Ge₃^-/0 can be viewed as the two Au atoms attached to different Ge-Ge bonds of Ge₃ triangle. Au₂Ge₄^- has two Au atoms edge-capping Ge₄ tetrahedron, while Au₂Ge₄ neutral adopts a C_2v symmetric double Au atoms face-capping Ge₄ rhombus. Au₂Ge_5-8^-/0 show triangular, tetragonal, and pentagonal prism-based geometries. Au₂Ge₆ adopts a C_2v symmetric tetragonal prism structure and exhibits σ plus π double bonding characters.     

Numerical analysis of dual variable of conductivity in bioconvection flow of Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid containing gyrotactic motile microorganisms over a porous medium

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The increasing need of the modern era of technology for better ways to increase the heat transfer performance of thermal systems has made nanoliquids...     

Current advances in molecularly imprinted polymers and their release mechanisms in drug delivery systems

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has gained wide interest among researchers due to its unique molecular recognition of the template that is suitable as a drug carrier. Therefore, the preparation and formulation of the MIP are significant to suit the needs of the intended use. Due to its significance in drug delivery, this review aims to highlight various methods in the preparation of MIP, the composition for both controlled and stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems, and the release mechanism of the drugs. In drug delivery systems, MIP should have a sustained release performance as well as flexibility in surface modification for targeted delivery via a range of stimuli-responses, including  external stimuli (magnetic, light) and internal stimuli (pH, temperature, redox, biological). The properties of sustained release and targeted delivery of the MIP can improve the drug's therapeutic efficacy as well as the breakthrough for the tumor targeting application.     

Depth and Stanley depth of the edge ideals of square paths and square cycles

In this paper, we compute depth and Stanley depth for the quotient ring of the edge ideal associated to a square path on n vertices. We also compute depth and Stanley depth for the quotient ring of the edge ideal associated to a square cycle on n vertices, when n≡0,3,4( mod 5), and give tight bounds when n≡1,2( mod 5). We also prove a conjecture of Herzog presented in [5 Herzog, J. (2013). A survey on Stanley depth. In: Bigatti, M. A., Gimenez, P., Sáenz-de-Cabezón, E., eds. Monomial Ideals, Computations and Applications. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 2083. Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 3–45. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.00781.pdf.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]], for the edge ideals of square paths and square cycles.     

Hermite‐Hadamard‐type inequalities for interval‐valued coordinated convex functions involving generalized fractional integrals

In this paper, we define interval‐valued left‐sided and right‐sided generalized fractional double integrals. We establish inequalities of Hermite‐Hadamard like for coordinated interval‐valued convex functions by applying our newly defined integrals.     

Upshot of Chemical Species and Nonlinear Thermal Radiation on Oldroyd-B Nanofluid Flow Past a Bi-directional Stretched Surface with Heat Generation/Absorption ina Porous Media

A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed to examine the flow of nonlinear thermal radiation Oldroyd-B nanofluid past a bidirectional linearly stretched surface in a porous medium. The flow is induced by temperature dependent thermal conductivity, chemical reaction and convective heat and mass conditions. Novel characteristics of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are accompanied by magnetohydrodynamic and heat generation/absorption. Self-similar transformations are employed to convert the system of nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of ordinary differential equations with high nonlinearity and are solved by strong analytic technique named as Homotopy Analysis method (HAM). Effects of varied arising parameters on involved distributions are reflected through graphical illustrations. From this study, it is perceived that strong magnetic field hinders the fluid's motion and leads to rise in temperature that eventually lowers heat transfer rate from the surface. Further, decrease in heat transfer rate is also observed for enhanced values of thermal radiation parameter. To validate our results, a comparison with already published paper in limiting case is also given and results are found in excellent oncurrence; hence reliable results are being presented.