Carbon-13 NMR spectra and the method for their calculation for long-chain polybranched carboxylic acids and their derivatives

Carbon-13 NMR spectra of 56 long-chain polybranched carboxylic acids their esters, including chloroand acetoxy-substituted derivatives, have been studied. An empirical linear two-parameter equation, relating carbon chemical shifts in α-branched carboxylic acids and their derivatives to the chemical shifts of the corresponding carbon atoms in analogous hydrocarbons, and to the degree of branching at the α-carbon atom, is suggested for the assignment of the signals, where δ_X is the shift in the acid (ester), δ_H the shift in its hydrocarbon counterpart and n the degree of branching. The regression coefficients, A, B and C, are given for X=COOH, COOMe and COOEt. It is shown that with polysubstituted derivatives, the equation may be applied sequentially. The secondary coefficients for the α-substituent then depend on the nature of the substituent X entering the primary equation. The equation may, if necessary, be applied in combination with the additive and structural increments of halogen atoms.     

Cotelomerization of ethylene and propylene by methyl trichloroacetate

The relative kinetics method was used to study the cotelomerization of ethylene and propylene by methyl chloroacetate. The rate constant for the addition of the electrophilic CCl₂CO₂CH₃ radical to ethylene is less than the rate constant for the addition of this radical to propylene by a factor of 2.3. This discrepancy reflects the difference in the polar properties of the monomers.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2366–2368, October, 1989.     

XPS study of carbonation of Mn/Y2O3 catalysts

XPS spectra in the Ols range of binding energy demonstrate a steady decline of concentration of surface carbonate groups as Mn loading in Mn/Y2O3 oxide catalysts increases from 0 to 50 at.%.     

Halo-substituted (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrolidine-2-carboxamides as new chiral auxiliaries for the asymmetric synthesis of (S)-α-amino acids

The synthesis of new chiral auxiliaries (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (1a), (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-(pentafluorobenzyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (1b), and (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-(4-isopropoxytetrafluorobenzyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (1c) and their application in the asymmetric synthesis of amino acids using Ni^II complexes of their Schiff"s bases with alanine and glycine are described. Compound 1a is particularly appropriate for highly stereoselective synthesis of -methyl--amino acids with high enatiomeric purity (ee >95%).     

Asymmetric synthesis of (S)- and (R)-α-methylserine based on the chiral recyclable reagent (S)-N-(2-benzoyl-phenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

Both enantiomers of -methylserine were synthesized with the use of Ni^II complexes based on the chiral recyclable reagent (S)-N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide. Intermediate diastereomeric complexes were separated by crystallization of their O-acetyl derivatives.     

The first example of asymmetric Michael reaction catalyzed by chiral alkali metal alkoxides

Some chiral sodium alkoxides can be used as catalysts in the asymmetric Michael reaction as exemplified by the 1,4-addition of an achiral Ni^II complex of the Schiff base derived from glycine andN-(2-pyridylcarbonyl)-o-aminobenzophenone (1) to methyl methacrylate (2) or methyl acrylate (14). The products of the reaction of1 with2,viz., the corresponding diastereomeric complexes of 4-methylglutamic acid, are formed in dissimilar amounts (de 26–85%); theee value for the major diastereomer (2S,4R)-3a is 28%. After recrystallization, the enantiomeric purity of complex3a increases toee>85%. Acidcatalyzed hydrolysis of the enantiomerically enriched complex3a affords (2S,4R)-4-methylglutamic acid (ee>85%). The complex of glutamic acid15 resulting from the reaction of1 with14 is formed with anee of 45%. After recrystallization, the enantiomeric purities of complex15 and glutamic acid increase toee>90%.     

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of O-acetyl cyanohydrins from KCN,Ac2O and aldehydes

A (salen)titanium catalyst has been found to induce the asymmetric addition of potassium cyanide and acetic anhydride to aldehydes, giving enantiomerically enriched cyanohydrin esters with up to 92% enantiomeric excess using just 1 mol% of the catalyst. This is the first report of the asymmetric synthesis of cyanohydrin derivatives using a cyanide source which is non-volatile and inexpensive.     

Cage‐like Fe,Na‐Germsesquioxanes: Structure,Magnetism, and Catalytic Activity

A series of four unprecedented heterometallic metallagermsesquioxanes were synthesized. Their cage‐like architectures have a unique type of molecular topology consisting of the hexairon oxo {Fe₆O₁₉} core surrounded in a triangular manner by three cyclic germoxanolates [PhGe(O)O]₅. This structural organization induces antiferromagnetic interactions between the Fe^III ions through the oxygen atoms. Evaluated for this first time in catalysis, these compounds showed a high catalytic activity in the oxidation of alkanes and the oxidative formation of benzamides from alcohols.