Measurement of day and night neutrino energy spectra at SNO and constraints on neutrino mixing parameters

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has measured day and night solar neutrino energy spectra and rates. For charged current events, assuming an undistorted 8B spectrum, the night minus day rate is 14.0%+/-6.3%(+1.5%)(-1.4%) of the average rate. If the total flux of active neutrinos is additionally constrained to have no asymmetry, the nu(e) asymmetry is found to be 7.0%+/-4.9%(+1.3%)(-1.2%). A global solar neutrino analysis in terms of matter-enhanced oscillations of two active flavors strongly favors the large mixing angle solution.     

Direct evidence for neutrino flavor transformation from neutral-current interactions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Observations of neutral-current nu interactions on deuterium in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are reported. Using the neutral current (NC), elastic scattering, and charged current reactions and assuming the standard 8B shape, the nu(e) component of the 8B solar flux is phis(e) = 1.76(+0.05)(-0.05)(stat)(+0.09)(-0.09)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1) for a kinetic energy threshold of 5 MeV. The non-nu(e) component is phi(mu)(tau) = 3.41(+0.45)(-0.45)(stat)(+0.48)(-0.45)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), 5.3sigma greater than zero, providing strong evidence for solar nu(e) flavor transformation. The total flux measured with the NC reaction is phi(NC) = 5.09(+0.44)(-0.43)(stat)(+0.46)(-0.43)(syst) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1), consistent with solar models.     

Ion-Exchange Sorption of Palladium(II) from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions in the Presence of Silver(I)

Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A - The sorptive extraction of palladium(II) chloride complexes in the presence of silver(I) chloride complexes from 2 and 4 M aqueous solutions of HCl with a...     

Pressure effects on the response of foil strain gages

The effect of pressure on the gage factor (the strain coefficient of resistance) for a bonded constantan gage was investigated by measuring the compliance of single-crystal quartz in the direction of itsc-crystallographic axis as a function of pressure and by comparing these results with those derived from ocoustic-velocity data. The gage factor is indicated as increasing with pressure at a rate of approximately 0.4 percent per kilobar. This increase may be due to one or both of two factors: an increase in the resistivity-strain tensor or a thinning and stiffening of the gage cement.     

Electrical transport properties of gadolinium scandium gallium garnet

Electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power are measured on a single crystal of Gd_3.0Sc_1.8Ga_3.2O₁₂ (GSGG) between 1273 and 1673 K. The measurements are made both in air and in controlled atmospheres, and P_O2 varies from 10^?1.68 to 10^?5.6 MPa. The data indicate GSGG may well be a mixed conductor in this temperature and P_O2 range, with n-type electronic conductivity and ionic transport on the oxygen sublattice. Changes in temperature induce long-lived disequilibrium in electrical conductivity of GSGG (over 30 h at T < 1373 K) that can be explained by temperature dependent cation redistribution. The effective activation energy for equilibrium electrical conductivity is E_a = 2.40 ± 0.05 eV, as opposed to values of E_a between 1.8 and 2.2 eV during actual temperature changes. An additional contribution in the equilibrium E_a, due to thermally activated cation redistribution, can account for the higher value seen.     

Kinetics of wetting of a compacted powder by aqueous solutions of surface active agents

Summary The capillary rise of aqueous solutions of anionic wetting agents into a compacted powder of an organic chromium complex is discussed on the basis of the Washburn-Rideal equation expanded to account for the porous structure parameters.At the porosity 1 —/6, corresponding to the loosest packing of monodisperse spheres the penetration rate is found to be mostly governed by the effective tensions operative at the moving three phase line of contact in case no deflocculation intervenes.

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Zusammenfassung Der Kapillaraufstieg wässeriger Lösungen anionischer Netzmittel in gepreßtem Pulver eines organischen Chrom-Komplexes wird durch die erweiterte Gleichung vonWashburn-Rideal wiedergegeben, in der die Parameter der porösen Struktur mit einbezogen werden.Bei der Porosität 1 —/6, die der lockersten Anordnung gleichförmiger Kugeln entspricht, wird die Eindringgeschwindigkeit meistens durch die an der sich bewegenden Dreiphasengrenze wirkenden Grenzflächenspannungen bestimmt, wenn keine Peptisation eintritt.

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Paper presented at the XII Intern. Congr. Fat Research, Milan, September 1974.     

Ion Exchange Recovery of Platinum(IV) from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions in the Presence of Silver(I)

Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A - The ion exchange sorption of the platinum(IV) chloride complexes in the presence of silver(I) chloro complexes from 2 and 4 M aqueous solutions of...     

Predicting the solubility of xenon in n-hexane and n-perfluorohexane: a simulation and theoretical study

The solubility of xenon in n-hexane and n-perfluorohexane has been studied using both molecular simulation and a version of the SAFT approach (SAFT-VR). The calculations were performed close to the saturation line of each solvent, between 200 K and 450 K, which exceeds the smaller temperature range where experimental data are available in the literature. Molecular dynamics simulations, associated with Widom's test particle insertion method, were used to calculate the residual chemical potential of xenon in n-hexane and n-perfluorohexane and the corresponding Henry's law coefficients. The simulation results overestimate the solubility of xenon in both solvents when simple geometric combining rules are used, but are in good agreement if a binary interaction parameter is included. With the SAFT-VR approach we are able to reproduce the experimental solubility for xenon in n-hexane, using simple Lorentz-Berthelot rules to describe the unlike interaction. In the case of n-perfluorohexane as a solvent, a binary interaction parameter was introduced, taken from previous work on (xe + C₂F₆) mixtures. Overall, good agreement is obtained between the simulation, theoretical and experimental data.     

Measurement of the rate of nu(e) + d --> p + p + e(-) interactions produced by (8)B solar neutrinos at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Solar neutrinos from (8)B decay have been detected at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory via the charged current (CC) reaction on deuterium and the elastic scattering (ES) of electrons. The flux of nu(e)'s is measured by the CC reaction rate to be straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) = 1.75 +/- 0.07(stat)(+0.12)(-0.11)(syst) +/- 0.05(theor) x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1). Comparison of straight phi(CC)(nu(e)) to the Super-Kamiokande Collaboration's precision value of the flux inferred from the ES reaction yields a 3.3 sigma difference, assuming the systematic uncertainties are normally distributed, providing evidence of an active non- nu(e) component in the solar flux. The total flux of active 8B neutrinos is determined to be 5.44+/-0.99 x 10(6) cm(-2) s(-1).