Nucleophilic Substitution in 4-Bromo-5-nitrophthalodinitrile: V. Synthesis of 5-Nitro-4-(4-R-phenoxy)phthalodinitriles and Phthalocyanines Derived from Them

A series of aryloxy-substituted phthalodinitriles were prepared by nucleophilic aromatic substitution of bromine in 4-bromo-5-nitrophthalodinitrile, and the corresponding phthalocyanines were synthesized. The physicochemical properties of phthalocyanines depend on the substituent in the aryl moiety.     

Effect of Alkali Metal Cation on Copolymerization of Acrylamide with Salts of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic Acid in Aqueous Solutions

The kinetics of radical copolymerization of acrylamide with lithium, sodium, and potassium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonates in concentrated aqueous solutions in the presence of potassium persulfate as initiating agent at pH 9 and 50°C was studied by dilatometry.     

Behavior of Aluminum in Its Electric-Spark Dispersion in Aqueous Solutions of Some Acids

The influence exerted by the nature and concentration of a number of organic and mineral acids on the composition of products formed in electric-spark dispersion of aluminum was studied.     

The application of a vehicle routing model to a waste-collection problem: two case studies

In this paper we suggest a unique model for estimating the operating cost of each of three waste-collection systems. Under the traditional system, which is widely used, waste is typically collected in plastic bags and a three-man crew is needed on each vehicle. The other two systems require a one-man crew for vehicle collecting street containers. The side-loader system with fixed body automatically empties street containers into the vehicle body and empties the load at the disposal site. The side-loader system with demountable body allows the separation of the waste collection phase from transport to the disposal site, since the vehicle body can be demounted. We also present two case studies and show how the estimation of operating costs is a critical issue in decisions regarding the type of system to be used for waste collection.     

Possibilities of Production and Use of Rubber-Bitumen Compounds

Procedures are discussed for production of rubber-bitumen compounds based on spent rubber items. A possibility of using these binders for paving is studied experimentally.     

Modelling recruitment training in mathematical human resource planning

This paper deals with mathematical human resource planning; more specifically, it suggests a new model for a manpower‐planning system. In general, we study a k‐classed hierarchical system where the workforce demand at each time period is satisfied through internal mobility and recruitment. The motivation for this work is based on various European Union incentives, which promote regional or local government assistance programs that could be exploited by firms not only for hiring and training newcomers, but also to improve the skills and knowledge of their existing personnel. In this respect, in our augmented mobility model we establish a new ‘training/standby’ class, which serves as a manpower inventory position for potential recruits. This class, which may very well be internal or external to the system, is incorporated into the framework of a non‐homogeneous Markov chain model. Furthermore, cost objectives are employed using the goal‐programming approach, under different operating assumptions, in order to minimize the operational cost in the presence of system's constraints and regulations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Double-layer structural-acoustic coupling for cylindrical shell by using a combination of WDA and BIE

This work formulates the double-layer structural-acoustic coupling problem for cylindrical shell by using a combination of the wave-number domain approach (WDA) and the boundary integral equation (BIE). Expressions for the spectral radial velocity of the outer surface of a finite fluid-filled/submerged (FFS) cylindrical thin shell are formulated by means of the transfer matrix equation in wave-number domain. It is shown that the spectral variables on the inner surface of the shell are related to those on the outer surface of the shell. The far field sound radiation from this kind of shell is numerically evaluated for various fluid cases. An experimental verification is performed, and a good correlation between the theoretical results and the experimental results shows that the theoretical study work in this paper is correct.     

Fibrations of bigroupoids

Using Brown's construction (J. Algebra 15 (1970) 103) of an exact 6-term sequence for a fibration of groupoids we show how an exact 9-term sequence can be associated to a fibration of bigroupoids. Applications to topology and algebra are given.     

ON THE UNIQUENESS OF THE WEAK SOLUTIONS OF A QUASILINEAR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM WITH A SINGULAR SOURCE TERM

This paper is a continuation of the authors'previous paper[1].In this paper the authorsprove,assuming additional conditions on the initial data,some results about the existence anduniqueness of the entropy weak solutions of the Cauchy problem for the singular hyperbolicsystem a_t+(au)_x_2au/x=0,u_t+1/2(a~2+u~2)_x=0,x>0,t≥0.