Nickel‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Chlorides with Ammonia or Ammonium Salts

The nickel‐catalyzed amination of aryl chlorides to form primary arylamines occurs with ammonia or ammonium sulfate and a well‐defined single‐component nickel(0) precatalyst containing a Josiphos ligand and an η²‐bound benzonitrile ligand. This system also catalyzes the coupling of aryl chlorides with gaseous amines in the form of their hydrochloride salts.     

Cooperative Bond Activation and Catalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide at a Group 13 Metal Center

A single‐component ambiphilic system capable of the cooperative activation of protic, hydridic and apolar H? X bonds across a Group 13 metal/activated β‐diketiminato (Nacnac) ligand framework is reported. The hydride complex derived from the activation of H₂ is shown to be a competent catalyst for the highly selective reduction of CO₂ to a methanol derivative. To our knowledge, this process represents the first example of a reduction process of this type catalyzed by a molecular gallium complex.     

Whole‐Genome Sequencing of a Single Viral Species from a Highly Heterogeneous Sample

Metagenomic studies suggest that only a small fraction of the viruses that exist in nature have been identified and studied. Characterization of unknown viral genomes is hindered by the many genomes populating any virus sample. A new method is reported that integrates drop‐based microfluidics and computational analysis to enable the purification of any single viral species from a complex mixed virus sample and the retrieval of complete genome sequences. By using this platform, the genome sequence of a 5243 bp dsDNA virus that was spiked into wastewater was retrieved with greater than 96 % sequence coverage and more than 99.8 % sequence identity. This method holds great potential for virus discovery since it allows enrichment and sequencing of previously undescribed viruses as well as known viruses.     

Copper‐Mediated Formation of Aryl,Heteroaryl, Vinyl and Alkynyl Difluoromethylphosphonates: A General Approach to Fluorinated Phosphate Mimics

A general and efficient access to aryl, heteroaryl, vinyl and alkynyl difluoromethylphosphonates is described. The developed methodology using TMSCF₂PO(OEt)₂, iodonium salts and a copper salt provided a straightforward manifold to reach these highly relevant products. The reaction proved to be highly functional group tolerant and proceeded under mild conditions, giving the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. This method represents the first general synthetic route to this important class of fluorinated scaffolds, which are well‐recognized as in vivo stable phosphate surrogates.     

Meltable Spin Transition Molecular Materials with Tunable Tc and Hysteresis Loop Width

Herein, we report a way to achieve abrupt high‐spin to low‐spin transition with controllable transition temperature and hysteresis width, relying not on solid‐state cooperative interactions, but utilizing coherency between phase and spin transitions in neutral Fe^II meltable complexes.     

Perovskites with the Framework‐Forming Xenon

The Group 18 elements (noble gases) were the last ones in the periodic system to have not been encountered in perovskite structures. We herein report the synthesis of a new group of double perovskites KM(XeNaO₆) (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) containing framework‐forming xenon. The structures of the new compounds, like other double perovskites, are built up of the alternating sequence of corner‐sharing (XeO₆) and (NaO₆) octahedra arranged in a three‐dimensional rocksalt order. The fact that xenon can be incorporated into the perovskite structure provides new insights into the problem of Xe depletion in the atmosphere. Since octahedrally coordinated Xe^VIII and Si^IV exhibit close values of ionic radii (0.48 and 0.40 Å, respectively), one could assume that Xe^VIII can be incorporated into hyperbaric frameworks such as MgSiO₃ perovskite. The ability of Xe to form stable inorganic frameworks can further extend the rich and still enigmatic chemistry of this noble gas.