介质的非均匀性对高次谐波影响的研究

讨论了气体介质的非均匀性对飞秒激光高次谐波产生过程的可能影响.计算结果表明,采用喷阀技术所提供的气体介质的密度梯度和气体原子运动速度的影响很小,不会产生实验上可观测的效果.这一结果支持了喷气靶在高次谐波产生中的广泛应用 关键词： 高次谐波 气体介质 各向异性 飞秒激光     

The multielectron dissociative ionization dynamics of N2 molecule in intense femtosecond laser fields with arbitrary polarization

The field-ionization Coulomb explosion model is extended to investigate the multielectron dissociative ionization process of N₂ molecule irradiated by an intense femtosecond laser field with an arbitrary polarization. The ionization process of N₂ molecule is found to be optimal at the critical internuclear distance R_c=7a.u., which is independent of the laser polarization state, the molecular explosion channel and the angle between the molecular axis and the direction of laser electric field. The kinetic energies of the ion fragments are identical in the cases of linear and circular polarizations at the same incident laser intensity. However,the probability of electron ionization is very sensitive to the above three parameters. At the critical distance R_c=7a.u. the angular dependence of the threshold intensity for the over-the-barrier ionization leads to the geometric alignment of molecules in the case of linear polarization. The threshold intensity in the case of circular polarization is apparently higher than that in the case of linear polarization, which can well explain the significant decrease of ionization in the case of circular polarization. The numerical calculations are compared with the experimental measurements.     

飞秒强激光场下亚硝酰氯分子的电离和解离

Ionization and dissociation of nitrosyl chloride ClNO were studied using femtosecond laser mass spectra tech-nique.Strong fragmental ions NO~ and Cl~ were observed with the laser intensity varied from 3.2×10~(14) to 2.5×10~(15) W/cm~2.These fragmental ions were attributed to the direct dissociation of the parent ions.Electronic structurecalculations were also carried out with Hartree-Fock,density functional and correlated levels of theory to under-stand the possible fragmentation pathways.The very low N-Cl bond energy in the parent ion of nitrosyl chloride isa clear reason for the absence of ClNO~ and ClN~ ion peaks from the femtosecond laser mass spectrum.     

Investigation on ultrafast thrid—order optical nonlinearity of metal（dmit）2／mnt）2 Charge transfer complexes

We have investigated the transient third-order optical nonlinearity of the solutions of Metal(dmit)2/(mnt)2 salts in acetone by employing femtosecond optical Kerr gate measurement at 830nm wavelength.An order of enhancement on the second-order hyperppolarizability is found for the above salts with central atoms of Cu and Ni.We have suggested an explanation for the enhancement based on the extension of electronic conjugation by the entring Cu or Ni atom.     

分子的飞秒强光电离

文章以一个实验者的角度,介绍了分子的飞秒强光电离的研究现状.文章从对比飞秒激光电离质谱与纳秒激光电离质谱开始,接着介绍分子在激光场作用下的可能电离机理,着重描述了几个处理分子场致电离的理论模型和实验验证,最后对飞秒激光导致的分子在激光脉冲作用后取向研究进行了简单介绍.     

Green＇s function formalism in semi-infinite composites： an investigation of local field distribution

In the resonant composites, the formerly developed Green's function formalism (GFF) can be used to compute the local field distribution near resonance. In this paper, we extend the GFF in the infinite network to the semi-infinite networks by the method of image. Using the formalism, we investigate the local field distribution near resonance for the impurity clusters with admittance ε_0 embedded in one semi-infinite network with ε_1. With varying the admittance ε_2 of another semi-infinite network, we find that the local fields in the boundary experience great changes, especially at ε_2=-ε_1. The existence of the boundary enhances the localization of the fields within and around the metallic clusters. Therefore, the intensity of local field is influenced by the arrangement of impurity metallic bonds and its distance from the boundary.     

光学发展与社会进步

人从降生开始,光就伴随其一生。宇宙的发展也跟光的发展紧密联系在一起。光学的发展过程是人类认识客观世界进程中的一个重要组成部分,是不断揭露矛盾和解决矛盾,逐渐从不确切认知走向确切认知的过程。光学确实是无处不在的,太阳能的利用,蓝光的发光,激光的焊接和切割,电影的放映,光纤通信,光合作用,X光的应用和显微镜的应用等等。光学仪器已在人们日常生活中起着无可替代的作用。列举一个最熟悉的例子,我们每天都在使用的手机就使用了三十多项光学的技术：光学玻璃、激光切割光滑的玻璃表面、激光打标、OLED和液晶显示、挡光版、背光照明、实现彩色的偏振片和滤光片、增加清晰度的增透膜、照相的镜头、成像的CCD、芯片的制造、光刻技术的应用、通过光纤进行信息的传输、蓝牙无线红外通信、光纤传感和投影等。今天,我们将从光的过去、现在和未来几个方面来探讨光对我们的生活所起到的至关重要的影响。     

A Scheme for Atomic Entangled States and Quantum Gate Operations in Cavity QED

We propose a scheme for controllably entangling the ground states of five-state W-type atoms confined in a cavity and realizing swap gate and phase gate operations. In this scheme the cavity is only virtually excited and the atomic excited states are almost not occupied, so the produced entangled states and quantum logic operations are very robust against the cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission.     

从光学显微镜到光学“显纳镜”

光学显微镜在生物学和医学等众多科学技术以及生产领域发挥着重要作用,分辨能力已经进入纳米尺度.本文综述了光学显微镜的放大原理、结构组成、发展历史、在生物学发展中的推动作用以及超越阿贝衍射极限实现超分辨荧光显微镜——光学显纳镜的原理和方法.光学显纳镜重点介绍了2014年获得诺贝尔化学奖的两项超分辨荧光显微技术,一是以光激活定位显微技术为代表的单分子显微技术,一是通过增加一束损耗光等效减小激发光斑大小来实现超分辨的受激发射损耗显微技术.     

影响杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池稳定性的因素探讨

自从2009年首次报道采用有机-无机杂化钙钛矿作为吸光材料用于太阳能电池以来, 钙钛矿太阳能电池效率的快速提升引起了人们广泛的关注, 这类电池同时具有制备工艺简单、成本低廉等优点, 引发了钙钛矿电池的研究热潮. 目前研究工作大多数集中在如何提高电池的光电转化效率, 但钙钛矿电池要真正实现产业化应用, 急需要解决材料及器件的稳定性问题. 本文探讨影响钙钛矿材料及器件的稳定性因素, 从温度及湿度等方面分析了材料的稳定性, 从传输材料及其界面问题讨论了器件的稳定性.