Synthesis of ZnO films with a special texture and enhanced field emission properties

ZnO films with special textures are fabricated on Mo-coated Al₂O₃ ceramic substrates by the catalyst-free electron beam evaporation method, and the as-deposited films are treated by hydrogen plasma. It is found that the surface morphologies of the films are changed significantly after hydrogen plasma treatment and that the films consist of vertically standing and intersecting nanosheets. A lower turn-on field of 1.2 V/μm and an enhanced current density ～0.11 mA/cm² at 2.47 V/μm are achieved. The low threshold field and the high emission current density are attributed primarily to the unique shape and smaller resistivity of the ZnO nanosheet films.     

Photoinduced Magnetization Change in Multiferroic YbFe2O4

We investigate the influence of laser illumination on the magnetization in multiferroic YbFe2O4 single crystals. A photoinduced magnetization change is confirmed in both ab plane and the c-axis directions. The temperature dependence of the photoinduced magnetization reduction excludes laser heating as the cause. In terms of the breakdown of charge order driven by laser illumination, the photoinduced magnetization change provides strong evidence for the spin-charge coupling in YbFe2O4. This photomagnetic effect based on charge-order-induced multiferroicity could be used for the non-thermal optical control of magnetization.     

某些碱性吩嗪染料与肝素相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱研究

在pH为6．6—7．2,6．0—7．0和5．2—6．4的介质中,中性红(NR)、藏红T(ST)和酚藏花红(PS)等碱性吩嗪染料与肝素反应形成复合物,使溶液共振瑞利散射(RRS)增强,并出现新的RRS光谱。其最大散射峰分别位于600nm(NR体系)、568nm(ST体系)和560nm(PS体系),其中以NR体系灵敏度最高。它对肝素的检出限(3σ)为0．80μg/L。研究了适宜的反应条件和影响因素,并以中性红体系为例,考察了共存物质的影响,表明方法有较好的选择性,用于肝素钠注射液效价的测定,结果较好。     

糙米、胚芽米、精白米中多种矿质元素和B族维生素含量的比较研究

对产自黑龙江省绥化市的同一批粳稻分别进行加工制得糙米、胚芽米和精白米,经过干灰化法或微波消解处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP—OES）、原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和原子荧光光谱法（AFS）测定了其中Al、As、B、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、S、Se和zn共23种矿质元素的含量,,并采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和荧光分光光度法测定了其中维生素B．,烟酸,烟酰胺,维生素B。和维生素B：的含量。另外,还研究了经水淘洗后这3种类型大米中矿质元素和B族维生素含量的损失情况。结果表明,矿质元素和B族维生素含量呈现糙米,胚芽米,精白米由高到低的基本特征,淘洗可使各种矿质元素和B族维生素产生不同程度的损失,其中精白米中维生素B．经水淘洗后已损失殆尽。3种类型大米中cd、Cu、Mo、Ni、S、Se、Zn等元素含量差异相对较小,并且淘洗对Mo、S元素含量几乎没有影响,而cd、cu元素含量经水淘洗后反而略有增加。     

硅铝胶固载掺氮TiO2介孔光催化材料的原位共生合成及表征

以硅酸钠和硫酸铝为生成硅铝胶载体的硅源和铝源,以硫酸钛为生成锐钛矿型TiO2的钛源,尿素为掺杂氮源,先通过溶胶-凝胶和水热法原位共生合成产物前躯体,再在氮气气氛下结晶化烧结制得硅铝胶固载掺氮TiO2介孔材料(N/TiO2-SiO2·Al2 O3).借助广角XRD、小角度XRD、透射电子显微镜TEM和X射线光电子能谱XPS等测试手段对所得材料进行了微观结构表征和介孔结构观察,并研究了负载量和烧结温度等条件对介孔结构状态的影响.所得结果表明,所得材料的微观结构为规整性高、尺寸约3～6 nm的网格状介孔结构聚集成尺寸约100～ 200nm团簇,而尺寸为数十纳米的锐钛矿TiO2晶粒分布在网格状介孔结构中.从增强锐钛矿的光催化效应和有利于形成介孔结构两方面优化,TiO2的负载量以摩尔比n(Si)∶ n(Ti)=1∶(0.1 ～0.5)为适当范围.虽然锐钛矿晶型可在很宽温度范围存在于硅铝骨架结构中,但从有利于介孔结构的形成考虑650℃左右的结晶化烧结温度为最佳.     

Magnetoelectric memory effect in the Y-type hexaferrite BaSrZnMgFe_(12)O_(22)

We report on the magnetic and magnetoelectric properties of the Y-type hexaferrite BaSrZnMgFe_(12)O_(22),which undergoes transitions from a collinear ferrimagnetic phase to a proper screw phase at 310 K and to a longitudinal conical phase at 45 K.Magnetic and electric measurements revealed that the magnetic structure with spiral spin order can be modified by applying a magnetic field,resulting in magnetically controllable electric polarization.It was observed that BaSrZnMgFe_(12)O_(22)exhibits an anomalous magnetoelectric memory effect:the ferroelectric state can be partially recovered from the paraelectric phase with collinear spin structure by reducing magnetic field at 20 K.We ascribe this memory effect to the pinning of multiferroic domain walls,where spin chirality and structure are preserved even in the nonpolar collinear spin state.     

Skyrme能量密度泛函在深度垒下熔合反应中的初步应用

基于Skyrme能量密度泛函并对动能密度按扩展的Thomas-Fermi半经典近似展开到四阶项,探索了深度垒下熔合反应的熔合截面急剧下降现象。通过分析熔合反应的入射道势和熔合截面来选择Skyrme参数,进而探索了深度垒下熔合反应与核物质状态方程之间的关系。     

微分算法的艾比湖湿地自然保护区土壤有机质多光谱建模

针对以往利用高光谱数据来来反演土壤有机质（SOM）的可行性与可靠性,结合微分处理对光谱数据信息提取的高效性,提出了直接对多光谱遥感影像进行微分处理就可得出SOM建模研究,旨在为今后SOM速测提供参考。采用Landsat 8_OLI 多光谱遥感影像数据,对多光谱遥感影像进行辐射定标、几何校正、大气校正、镶嵌和裁剪,运用IDL软件对影像进行一阶微分处理和二阶微分处理,发现一阶微分图像能够更好地表达地物的真实情况,更好地区别水体与土壤。原始遥感影像包含大量的信息其中还包括噪声,通过微分处理后的遥感影像剔出了原始影像中反射率值突兀变化的部分。在研究区采用五点法采集土壤样品。室内实验用重铬酸钾氧化-容量法测得SOM数据。多光谱数据结合地面实测SOM数据,分析SOM与多光谱数据反射率的关系,发现一阶微分处理后的遥感数据与SOM含量的相关性存在敏感波段,说明一阶微分处理可以将原始遥感图像数据在多光谱范围内的一些隐含的土壤有机质信息释放出来。选取相关性高的数据建立基于原始遥感数据、一阶微分数据、二阶微分数据的单波段多光谱线性模型和多波段多光谱线性模型,选取最优模型来估算和反演土壤有机质含量。结论如下：（1）通过对原始影像进行微分处理发现,微分处理后的影像变化明显,一阶微分处理的影像噪声降低,更加突出了影像中土壤有机质隐藏的信息。二阶微分处理的影像抑制了土壤有机质信息。（2）原始遥感影像各波段数据对土壤有机质含量的相关性较低,一阶微分处理后的遥感影像数据反映出土壤有机质敏感波段即部分波段数据相关性明显高于原始数据,二阶微分处理后的遥感影像各波段数据对土壤有机质含量的相关性较弱。（3）多波段建模效果要优于单波段建模;一阶微分多波段模型预测精度最优,其模型的决定系数和模型拟合的决定系数分别为0.898和0.854,该模型对估算研究区内的SOM含量效果较好;综合比较了单波段模型和多波段模型的拟合精度,发现无论在单波段模型还是多波段模型一阶微分处理后的模型都具有更好的预测能力。（4）基于一阶微分多波段模型对研究区SOM进行反演,反演结果与实际情况相符合,对干旱区SOM含量制图提供了切实可行的方法和参考。     

流动氦气出口温度控制仿真与分析

分析了电加热器对流动氦气的加热过程,从能量平衡和热传导的角度建立了系统数学模型,用解析的方法表达了热量的传递过程,得到了传递函数。用Matlab 的Simulink 模块搭建了PID 的控制框架,用积分分离的策略改进了温度控制的效果。仿真结果显示流体在进口温度不断变化的情况下,通过加热器的功率调节获得了比较稳定的气体出口温度,表现出了良好的控制结果。     

Field Emission Properties of Ball-Like Nano-Carbon Thin Films Deposited on Mo Films with Accidented Topography

Ball-like nano-earbon thin films （BNCTs） are grown on Mo layers by microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition （MPCVD） system. The Mo layers are deposited on ceramic substrates by electron beam deposition method and are pretreated by ultrasonically scratching. The optimization effects of ultrasonically scratching pretreatment on the surface micro-structures of carbon films are studied. It is found from field-emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） images and Raman spectra that the surface structures of the carbon films deposited on Mo pretreated are improved, which are composed of highly uniform nano-structured carbon balls with considerable disorder structures. Field emission （FE） measurements are carried out using a diode structure. The experimental results indicate that the BNCTs exhibit good FE properties, which have the turn on field of 1.56 V/μm, and the current density of 1.0mA/cm^2 at electric field of 4.0 V/μm, the uniformly distributed emission site density from a broad well-proportioned emission area of 4 cm^2 are also obtained. Linearity is observed in Fowler Nordheim （F N） plots in higher field region, and the possible emission mechanism of BNCTs is discussed.