帕金森模型大鼠脑内儿茶酚胺异喹啉类化合物的形成与代谢

帕金森(PD)是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,确切的致病机理尚不清楚,其中环境因素引起的神经毒素假说受到广泛关注.本文提出了关于内源性神经毒素恶性循环导致PD的假说.为了验证该假说,建立了定位注射6-OHDA单侧损毁黑质.纹状体的PD Wistar大鼠模型,并采用HPLC-ESI-TOF分别检测了PD模型大鼠和对照组大鼠脑健侧和受损侧的黑质、纹状体中Sal和NMSal的含量.结果表明,PD模型大鼠受损侧黑质-纹状体中Sal和NMSal的含量都比健侧及其他对照组高,说明PD模型受损侧内源性儿茶酚胺异喹啉类神经毒素导致的恶性循环严重,对假说的验证提供了依据.     

大视场透射式红外平行光管系统设计

为了满足红外检测设备大视场、高像质、易便携的要求,设计了工作波段为8~14μm、全视场大于等于24°、孔径为130mm的大视场透射式红外平行光管系统.采用三片式摄远物镜结构,并加入一片非球面解决了三片透射式系统像差难以平衡的难题.根据光学设计理论对系统进行多层次优化设计,最终得到了在全视场内的红外平行光管设计结果,其中不同波长所对应的各焦距位置在20lp/mm处的调制传递函数不低于20%、畸变小于1%,其优点是大视场、高分辨率、成像质量好、结构简单,可以为各种红外热像仪、军用红外瞄具的性能参数检测系统提供高像质、高分辨率的无穷远红外目标源.成功研制一台应用样机,并于加工装调后进行了应用验证试验,结果表明样机获取图像清晰准确,能够满足测试要求.     

1,3-二烷基咪唑离子液体-水二元混合物的溶致显色参数和优先溶剂化行为

Binary mixtures of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) and water were selected as solvent systems to investigate the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions on the preferential solvation of solvatochromic indicators at 25℃. Empirical solvatochromic parameters, dipolarity/polarizability (π^*), hydrogen-bond donor acidity (α), hydrogen-bond acceptor basicity (β), and Reichardt''s polarity parameters (E_T^N) were measured from the ultraviolet-visible spectral shifts of 4-nitroaniline, 4-nitroanisole, and Reichardt''s dye. The solvent properties of the IL-water mixtures were found to be influenced by IL type and IL mole fraction (x_IL). All these studied systems showed the non-ideal behavior. The maximum deviation to ideality for the solvatochromic parameters can be obtained in the xIL range from 0.1 to 0.3. For most of the binary mixtures, the π^* values showed the synergistic effects instead of the E_T^N, α and β values. The observed synergy extent was dependent on the studied systems, such as the dye indicator and IL type. A preferential solvation model was utilized to gather information on the molecular interactions in the mixtures. The dye indicator was preferentially solvated on the following trend: IL >IL-water complex >water.     

燃烧型超高频热声斯特林发电机实验研究

几十至几百瓦级便携式发电设备在离网应用和应急救灾等场景发挥着重要作用。自由活塞斯特林热机因其外燃属性带来的燃料适应性好、高效、可靠和静音等突出优点而有望成为便携式电源系统的重要发电技术。本文首次提出柴油气化燃烧驱动超高频自由活塞斯特林发电机的便携式发电系统。基于热声学的阻抗匹配和燃烧–交变流动热耦合,设计并研制了一套实验系统,实验中系统考察了不同燃烧功率下的输出特性,并开展了损失分析。初步实验结果表明,该发电系统在加热温度约为600℃时的最大输出电功为320 W,以柴油热值计算的最高热电效率为11.28%。受益于130 Hz的超高工作频率,发电机本体的比功率为90 W/kg,展现出良好的应用潜力。     

考虑释放时间的单机JIT调度问题

本文主要研究二级供应链中的生产-库存-直接配送协同调度问题,其中存在一个制造商和多个零售商, 制造商根据订单进行生产, 然后将产品配送给零售商。该类问题可以抽象为考虑释放时间的单机JIT调度问题。借助于禁忌搜索算法, 本文提出了求解问题的CTA-TS算法, 并通过大量的实验数据与已有算法进行比较,说明了本文提出算法的有效性。     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐-水和2，6-二甲氧基苯酚混合物中分子相互作用的衰减全反射红外光谱研究

Molecular interactions of the ternary mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C₄C₁im]Cl)-water-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (2,6-DMP, a phenolic monomer lignin model compound) were investigated in comparison with the [C₄C₁im]Cl-water binary systems through attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. Results indicated that the microstructures of water and [C₄C₁im]Cl changed with varying mole fraction of [C₄C₁im]Cl (^xIL) from 0.01 to 1.0. This change was mainly attributed to the interactions of [C₄C₁im]Cl-water and the self-aggregation of [C₄C₁im]Cl through hydrogen bonding. The band shifts of C-H on imidazolium ring and the functional groups in 2,6-DMP indicated that the occurrence of intermolecular interactions by different mechanisms (i.e., hydrogen bonding or π-π stacking) resulted in 2,6-DMP dissolution. In the case of ^xIL=0.12, the slightly hydrogen-bonded water was fully destroyed and [C₄C₁im]Cl existed in the form of hydrated ion pairs. Interestingly, the maximum 2,6-DMP solubility (238.5 g/100 g) was achieved in this case. The interactions and microstructures of [C₄C₁im]Cl-water mixtures influenced the dissolution behavior of 2,6-DMP.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钨合金中镍、铁、钴和锰

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定钨合金中镍、铁、钴和锰的含量。优化的试验条件如下:1柠檬酸溶液用量为2mL;2过氧化氢溶液用量为12mL;3称样量为0.100 0g;4氨水溶液用量为2mL。选择镍、铁、钴、锰的分析谱线分别为221.647,233.280,228.616,259.373nm。4种元素在一定的质量浓度范围内与其发射强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)在0.018~0.083mg·L-1之间。方法应用于标准物质(JBWY05901)的分析,测定值与认定值相符。方法用于生产样品和合成样品的分析,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.72%~3.9%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定防锈铝合金中痕量钠

提出了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定防锈铝合金中痕量钠的方法。以盐酸(1+1)溶液和过氧化氢溶解样品,选择波长588.995 nm为钠的分析线。方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.028 mg.L-1。方法用于测定防锈铝合金中痕量钠(wNa=0.000 14%～0.000 73%),加标回收率在91.4%～113.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.6%～5.5%之间。     

来自“重力势能”的教学探讨

取人教版高中《物理·必修2》"重力势能"一节中,大家争论激烈的两个问题提供参考课例并展开讨论.