Synthesis and characterization of a single diamond crystal with a high nitrogen concentration

In this paper,we explore diamond synthesis with a series of experiments using an Fe-Ni catalyst and a P3N5 additive in the temperature range of 1250-1550 ℃ and the pressure range of 5.0-6.3 GPa.We also investigate the influence of nitrogen on diamond crystallization.Our results show that the synthesis conditions(temperature and pressure) increase with the amount of P3N5 additive increasing.The nitrogen impurity can significantly influence the diamond morphology.The diamonds stably grow into strip and lamellar shapes in the nitrogen-rich environment.The Fourier-transform infrared spectrum shows that the nitrogen concentration increases rapidly with the content of P3N5 additive increasing.By spectrum analysis,we find that with the increase of the nitrogen concentration,the Ib-type nitrogen atoms can aggregate in the A-centre form.The highest A-centre nitrogen concentration is approximately 840 ppm.     

高纯TiO2超微粉体的制备

以廉价的TiCl4为原料,液体石蜡为纯化剂,氨水作形核剂,制备出高纯TiO2超微粉体。用XRF分析了样品的物相组成;XRD和SEM等手段表征了粉体合成过程的物相变化和形貌特征。结果表明,TiCl4经过矿物油(液体石蜡)除钒和精馏除铁等杂质后进行水解,当TiCl4溶液浓度0.65 mol/L,水解温度60℃、反应时间2 h、pH值=7、在800℃煅烧2 h条件下,制备出TiO2的纯度达到99.9952%,晶型为金红石相,晶粒尺寸约0.65μm,形貌近球形。     

浅谈如何提高高中生数学学习的自我效能感

新的高中数学课程标准要求学生“提高数学学习兴趣,树立学好数学的信心,形成锲而不舍的钻研精神和科学态度”.因此,数学教学中要重视和培养学生的非智力因素,关注和开发学生的情商,同时要加强对于作为非智力因素之一的自我效能感的研究.     

Ca、Ce掺杂对Y1Ba2Cu3O7-δ的超导电性及其晶格结构的影响

本文采用柠檬酸热分解法成功制备出了Y1-xCax(Ba1-xCex)2Cu3O7-δ(x=0、0.03、0.05、0.07、0.09)的一系列样品.我们采用标准的四端引线法对系列样品的超导电性进行了测量,测量结果表明:随着掺杂量x的不断增加,Y123的起始转变温度Tonset和临界转变温度Tc都在逐渐降低.利用X射线衍射仪对系列样品的晶格结构进行了表征分析,测量结果充分验证了上述结论,同时我们也简单阐述了Y123的晶格结构是如何影响其超导电性的.     

二阶常微分方程Neumann边值问题正解的全局分歧

本文考虑二阶常微分方程Neumann边值问题正解的存在性,其中f:[0,1]×R→R(R=(-∞,+∞))为连续函数.运用Dancer全局分歧定理建立了上述问题正解的全局分歧,并且获得了保证上述问题存在正解的若干最优充分条件.     

Ti(Ⅳ)与Ag(Ⅰ)、V(Ⅴ)、W(Ⅵ)和Ce(Ⅲ)的绿色萃取分离

研究了水-乙醇-硫酸铵-硫氰酸钾体系绿色萃取钛的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在一定条件下,Ti(Ⅳ)可与Ag(Ⅰ)、V(V)、W(Ⅵ)和Ce(Ⅲ)离子分离。     

Effect of In_x Ga_(1-x )N “continuously graded” buffer layer on InGaN epilayer grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

In this paper we report on the effect of an In x Ga1-x N continuously graded buffer layer on an InGaN epilayer grown on a GaN template.In our experiment,three types of buffer layers including constant composition,continuously graded composition,and the combination of constant and continuously graded composition are used.Surface morphologies,crystalline quality,indium incorporations,and relaxation degrees of InGaN epilayers with different buffer layers are investigated.It is found that the In x Ga1-x N continuously graded buffer layer is effective to improve the surface morphology,crystalline quality,and the indium incorporation of the InGaN epilayer.These superior characteristics of the continuously graded buffer layer can be attributed to the sufficient strain release and the reduction of dislocations.     

不同类型宝石级金刚石生长过程中石墨的不同析出形式

在压力5.3 GPa、温度1603 K的FeNiCo(wt; 55∶ 29∶ 16)触媒中沿{111}面合成Ⅰb型及Ⅱa型宝石级金刚石过程中金刚石周围分别伴随有片状及粉末状石墨析出.这两种不同形态的石墨均会对金刚石生长产生不利影响.对这两种石墨进行XRD和SEM测试分析表明:生长Ⅰb型和Ⅱa型金刚石时所析出的石墨分别为再结晶石墨和微晶石墨.本文分析了这两种石墨析出原因的异同点.     

Effect of magnetic properties of soft magnetic phase on the energy product of an exchange-spring magnet

Research on exchange-spring magnets has focused on the microstructures of the materials.However,research has seldom been concerned with the effect of magnetic properties of soft magnetic phase on the energy product of an exchangespring magnet.In this paper,a simple one-dimensional numerical simulation is used to investigate this effect in a Nd2Fe14Bbased exchange-spring magnet.The results reveal that the larger the anisotropy constant,the stronger the exchange coupling,and the higher the magnetization of the soft magnetic4 phase,the larger the energy product of an exchange-spring magnet.This provides evidence for choosing a soft magnetic phase in an exchange-spring magnet.     

树状分子BINAP膦配体的合成及其在不对称氢化中的应用: 结构与性能关系探究

设计并合成了系列具有不同代数以及不同结构的手性树状分子BINAP配体. 以Ru-催化的2-芳基丙烯酸的不对称氢化和Rh-催化的乙酰氨基肉桂酸的不对称氢化为模型反应, 结合圆二色谱分析方法, 系统研究了树状分子催化剂的结构与催化性能的关系. 在2-芳基丙烯酸的不对称氢化中, 发现双边取代的树状分子催化剂表现出明显高于小分子催化剂的催化活性, 反应速度随着树状分子代数的增加而加快, 当反应溶剂由甲苯/甲醇(1∶1, V/V)变为纯甲苯时, 这种树状分子加速效应更加明显; 而单边取代的树状分子催化剂, 由于催化活性中心远离树状分子载体, 因此其催化活性与小分子催化剂几乎相同. 此外, 圆二色(CD)谱研究表明, 双边取代的树状分子配体有不同于单边取代树状分子配体和小分子BINAP配体的Cotton效应, 说明树状分子的引入可能影响到位于其核心的手性配体的微环境. 这些结果显示树状分子载体在催化活性中心周围所构筑的微环境在促进催化剂活性中发挥了关键作用. 这种“微环境效应”还在脱氢氨基酸的不对称氢化中得到了进一步证明. 最后, 通过溶剂沉淀法, 实现了树状分子催化剂与产物的方便分离, 催化剂至少可以回收使用三次, 其催化活性和对映选择性没有任何降低.