Palladium nanoparticles/wool keratin-assisted carbon composite-modified flexible and disposable electrochemical solid-state pH sensor

Several p H-dependent processes and reactions take place in the human body;hence,the p H of body fluids is the best indicator of disturbed health conditions.However,accurate and real-time diagnosis of the p H of body fluids is complicated because of limited commercially available p H sensors.Hence,we aimed to prepare a flexible,transparent,disposable,userfriendly,and economic strip-based solid-state p H sensor using palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)/N-doped carbon(NC)composite material.The Pd NPs/NC composite material was synthesized using wool keratin(WK)as a precursor.The insitu prepared Pd NPs played a key role in the controlled switching of protein structure to the N-doped carbon skeleton withπ–πarrangement at the mesoscale level,which mimics the A–B type polymeric structure,and hence,is highly susceptible to H+ions.The optimized carbonization condition in the presence of Pd NPs showed that the material obtained using a modified Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode had the highest p H sensitivity with excellent stability and durability.The optimized p H sensor showed high specificity and selectivity with a sensitivity of 55 m V/p H unit and a relative standard deviation of 0.79%.This study is the first to synthesize Pd NPs using WK as a stabilizing and reducing agent.The applicability of the sensor was investigated for biological samples,namely,saliva and gastric juices.The proposed protocol and material have implications in solid-state chemistry,where biological material will be the best choice for the synthesis of materials with anticipated performance.     

氟橡胶O型圈低压气体密封黏滞摩擦特性实验

开展了低气体密封压力条件下的氟橡胶O型圈低压黏滞摩擦特性实验研究.对氟橡胶O型圈与不锈钢2Cr13摩擦副的摩擦力的时变曲线进行测量,重点分析了密封压力、O型圈压缩率和滑动速度对O型圈黏滞摩擦力的影响规律.结果表明:随压缩率的增加,氟橡胶O型圈摩擦力增加,并呈现出明显的回弹特征,即滞后摩擦力增加且释放时间增加;随着密封压力的增加,其所受最大静摩擦力、滑动摩擦力与滞后摩擦力均呈现非线性变化,且存在一极大值;减小往复运动速度,摩擦力数值增大,但摩擦力极值对应的密封压力值变小.     

双调和方程混合元的一种新格式

本文介绍了双调和方程混合元的一种新格式,用双二次多项式逼近流函数,双一次多项式逼近涡函数.在拟一致矩形剖分的条件下,证明了此格式具有与C-R格式中分别用双二次多项式逼近相同的收敛阶.     

FeAl(B2) 合金La, Ac, Sc 和 Y 元素微合金化的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法, 研究了稀土元素(La, Ac, Sc 和 Y) 微合金化对FeAl (B2) 有序金属间化合物合金晶体结构、 弹性和电子性能的影响. 计算结果表明: 稀土元素Y 易于取代Fe位, 而Sc, La和Ac易于取代Al位, 其中Ac元素的加入使晶格点阵发生最大的变形. 弹性性能的计算表明La, Ac, Sc 和 Y 元素的加入可以改善FeAl (B2) 的塑性, 其中Fe₇Al₈Sc具有最好的塑性和硬度. 稀土元素对合金性能的影响, 主要是由于稀土原子的加入改变了Fe和Al电子之间的杂化作用. 计算结果与已有的试验结果和理论结果相一致.     

边坡预裂爆破参数优化研究

边坡工程施工中常用到预裂爆破,预裂爆破参数对爆破降震起着非常重要的作用。通过大量的预裂爆破试验,得出了适用于该边坡的炮孔直径、炮孔间距、线装药密度、不耦合系数等一系列常规预裂爆破参数。通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟,得出了与4种炮孔直径对应的理想的预裂爆破参数,且与爆破试验的结果基本一致。通过回归分析,得出了用于该边坡选取预裂爆破参数的简易公式,用以指导该工程的后续施工。实践证明,采用爆破试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,对于爆破参数的优化选择,效果明显。     

ICP—AES法测定生铁中硅锰磷的研究

通过正交试验选择出最佳溶样条件,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP－AES）法测定生铁中硅,锰,磷,方法简便可靠,具有良好的精密度和准确性,相对标准偏差不大于3．8％。     

利用注射器的3个微型实验

注射器在化学实验功能方面具有可加压、可减压、可加样取样、可密封等特性。利用这些特性发掘注射器在化学实验中的用途可以帮助师生设计一些特殊实验。以下是3个以注射器为器材的演示实验,效果较好。     

聚苯胺对2,5—二巯基—1,3,4—噻二唑氧化还原反应的电化学？…

研究了聚苯胺（ＰＡn）膜电极在２,５－二巯基－１,３,４－噻二唑（ＤＭcＴ）溶液中电化学处理或浸泡后的循环伏安（ＣＶ）曲线的变化规律。实验结果表明,ＰＡn膜电极在 ＤＭcＴ溶液中进行电化学处理或浸泡过程可使ＤＭcＴ进入ＰＡn膜内部与ＰＡn形成复合物。ＰＡn对ＤＭcＴ的电化学催化作用可能和二者之间形成的电子给体－受体复合物有关。该复合物的电何尝氧化还原特性不同于ＰＡn对ＤＭcＴ的电化学催化作用可能和得之间形成的     

Synthesis of hexagonal monocrystal AlN microtubes and nanowires at low temperature

This paper reports that pure hexagonal aluminium nitride microtubes and nanowires growing along the [0001] direction have been successfully synthesized by directly reacting AlClh-AlN, microtubes, nanowires,h-AlN, microtubes, nanowiresProject supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10474078) and the Science Foundation of the Education Office of Shanxi Province, China.2006-11-23This paper reports that pure hexagonal aluminium nitride microtubes and nanowires growing along the [0001] direction have been successfully synthesized by directly reacting AlCl3 with NaN3 at low temperature （450℃） under condition of non-solvent system. The grey-white powder of reacting product was characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscope （HRTEM）, which shows that the powder is long straight-wire morphology with outer diameter from 40nm to 300 nm and length up to several micrometres. The results of both electron diffraction （ED） and x-ray diffraction （XRD） indicate that the AlN microtubes have a pure hexagonal monocrystal tubular structure with the combination of the curled AlN nanobelts. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectrum of the synthesized sample showed an emission peak, which is closely related to the small size of the microtubes.     

循环伏安方法制备掺杂二价金属离子的MnO2

循环伏安;掺杂;Cu2+;Co2+;MnO2;比电容