Structure-activity correlations of calcined Mg-Al hydrocalcites for aliphatic polycarbonate synthesis <Emphasis Type="Italic">via</Emphasis> transesterification process

Mg-Al mixed oxides with different Mg/Al molar ratio were prepared by thermal decomposition of hydrotalcitelike precursors at 500 °C for 5.0 h and used as catalysts for the transesterification of diphenyl carbonate with 1,4-butanediol to synthesize high-molecular-weight poly(butylene carbonate) (PBC). The structure-activity correlations of these catalysts in this transesterification process were discussed by means of various characterization techniques. It was found that the chain growth for the formation of PBC can only be obtained through connecting ―OH and ―OC(C)OC₆H₅ end-group upon removing the generated phenol, and the sample with Mg/Al molar ratio of 4.0 exhibited the best catalytic performance, giving PBC with M _w of 1.64 × 10⁵ g/mol at 210 °C for 3.0 h. This excellent activity depended mainly on the specific surface area and basicity rather than pore structure or crystallite size of MgO.     

芳香化合物绿色硝化催化剂研究进展

本文综述了近年来用于芳香化合物绿色硝化反应的较有工业化前景的三种催化剂的研究进展,包括固体酸、金属硝酸盐、稀土杂合物等,着重探讨了上述催化剂对硝化反应选择性的作用机理。     

透明陶瓷透光性能的影响因素

 研究了影响激光透明陶瓷透光性能的主要因素,讨论了陶瓷内部气孔和杂质颗粒等散射粒子、晶界结构中晶界折射率与晶粒折射率的差异以及晶界表面粗糙度等因素对陶瓷透光性能的影响,并定量分析了激光陶瓷透过率随气孔尺寸、气孔率、晶粒相对晶界折射率以及晶界表面粗糙度的变化关系。结果表明： 陶瓷的透过率随着气孔率的减小而增大,但透过率随气孔尺寸的增大而呈现出周期性振荡,且当气孔尺寸与入射光波长可比拟时,陶瓷的透过率会明显降低;在晶界结构中,晶界的折射率与晶粒的折射率相差越小,陶瓷的透过率就越高;晶界表面粗糙度越大,透过率越低。然而,晶界折射率不同于晶粒折射率,这使得其陶瓷透过率降低的程度比对晶界表面粗糙度的影响明显得多。在陶瓷制备过程中,需要重点排除尺寸与入射波长可比拟的气孔, 以抑制晶界结构中第二相的产生。     

Laser-induced quadrupoleben quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr

By considering the relative velocity distribution function and multipole expansion interaction Hamiltonian, a three-state model for calculating the cross section of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer is presented. Calculated results in Xe-Kr system show that in the present system, the laser-induced collision process occurs for ~4 ps, which is much shorter than the dipole-dipole laser-induced collisional energy transfer (LICET) process. The spectrum of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr system has wider tunable range in an order of magnitude than the dipole-dipole LICET spectra. The peak cross section decreases and moves to the quasi-static wing with increasing temperature and the full width at half peak of the profile becomes larger as the system temperature increases.     

基于逆模糊数的模糊时间序列预测的新方法北大核心

Song和Chisson于1993年提出模糊时间序列预测理论．虽然至今已经提出许多模糊时间序列预测模型,但是迄今为止尚未给出预测未知年数据的模糊时间序列预测模型．提出基于逆模糊数的模糊时间序列预测的新方法该模型对广西大学已知的2001-2012年的注册数进行预测分析,平均预报误差率比相关文献的方法有所改善．还对广西大学未知的2013年和2014年注册数进行预测研究．方法是短期预测的一种模糊时间序列预测方法．     

含硫碳负离子的反应及其应用的研究 II: 固-液相转移催化共轭加成作用

亲核性的碳负离子与亲电性碳-碳重键的共轭加成反应是构成新碳-碳键的重要方法。某些α-亚磺酰基碳负离子虽然也能与α,β-不饱和酯进行共轭加成,但要有效地产生这类含硫碳负离子往往要用对潮气敏感的强碱性试剂,如氢化钠等。最近,我们报告了在固-液相转移催化条件下α-苯亚磺酰基乙酸甲酯(1)的碳负离子的     

KI与无机铵盐催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯

以无毒、合成简单、廉价的无机铵盐(氨基甲酸铵、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵等)为助催化剂,研究其对卤化钾(KCl、KBr、KI)催化CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯(PC)的影响.结果表明,卤化钾与无机铵盐显示出很好的协同催化效应.其中以氨基甲酸铵为助催化剂,KI为主催化剂时,催化合成PC的效果最好.同时考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、CO2初始压力、PC的预加入量、反应时间等因素对反应的影响.在优化条件下,PC收率大于99%.     

A Diode-Pumped 1617 nm Single Longitudinal Mode Er：YAG Laser with Intra-Cavity Etalons

We demonstrate the continuous wave p-polarized single longitudinal mode （SLM） operation of an Er：YAG laser at 1617.6nm pumped by a diode-laser with three inserted Fabry-Perot （FP） etalons at room temperature. The Brewster angle inserted FP is applied to obtain the p-polarized laser. For free running, the maximum output power is 570 m W with a pump power of 12.5 W. An incident pump power of 12.5 W is used to generate the maximum p-polarized single longitudinal mode output power of 78.5 m W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 1.6% and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 0.61%. The beam quality M2 is measured to be 1.15 at the highest SLM output power. This stable polarized SLM oscillation is encouraging due to its application for an injection-locked system used as a master laser.     

台风过后网箱养殖大黄鱼恢复过程中血清代谢物变化的研究

为了考察台风影响后鱼类恢复过程中血清代谢物的变化,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱,电喷雾电离源分别在正负离子模式下,对超强台风"罗莎"影响后的象山港网箱养殖大黄鱼血清进行为期半个月的测定,并通过SIMCA-P软件进行主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘法辨别分析.结果表明,大黄鱼恢复过程中潜在生物标志物主要为磷脂酰胆碱和溶血磷脂酰胆碱.另外还有皮五醇和牛黄胆酸.其中,溶血磷脂酰胆碱、含高不饱和度脂肪酰基的磷脂酰胆碱(总不饱和度之和大于9)和牛黄胆酸在恢复过程中均呈现增加的趋势; 而含低不饱和度脂肪酰基的磷脂酰胆碱(总不饱和度之和小于8)和皮五醇则呈现减少的趋势.这些代谢指标物的变化,体现了大黄鱼在台风后恢复过程中,通过皮质类激素调节脂类物质代谢的结果.     

神龙二号加速器及其关键技术

神龙二号加速器是一台以MHz猝发率猝发工作的三脉冲直线感应电子加速器。该加速器输出的三脉冲电子束,相邻两脉冲间最小时间间隔300 ns,而且可调,每个脉冲电子束的电子能量18~20 MeV、束流强度大于等于2 kA。当电子束与轫致辐射转换靶相互作用时,可产生三个强X光脉冲,X光斑点尺寸小于等于2 mm(FWHM),距靶1 m处照射量大于等于7.7410-2 C/kg (300 R)。该加速器涉及的主要关键技术包括三脉冲功率源设计、三脉冲强流高品质电子束源的产生、加速场建造、束流传输线设计、轫致辐射转换靶设计、测量与诊断技术等。