化学气相沉积金刚石探测器测量辐射驱动内爆的硬X射线

金刚石探测器具有响应快、灵敏度高、动态范围大、平响应、击穿电压高、抗辐射等优点, 广泛运用于X射线测量. 利用化学气相沉积方法制备的光学级金刚石, 采用金属-金刚石-金属结构研制了X射线金刚石探测器. 在8ps激光器上的探测器响应性能考核表明, 整个探测器系统的响应时间为444 ps, 上升时间为175 ps, 载流子寿命为285 ps. 将探测器应用于神光Ⅲ原型装置的内爆物理实验硬X射线测量, 分别测量得到以注入黑腔的激光转化为主和靶丸内爆产生为主的硬X射线能流, 测得的峰值信号分别正比于激光总能量和反比于靶丸CH层厚度. 关键词： CVD金刚石探测器 硬X射线 激光能量     

AMS为何最终放弃超导方案

 国际空间站上的阿尔发磁谱仪(Alpha Magnetic SpectrometerAMS)是太空中第一个大型高能粒子探测器,用于探测反物质、暗物质和宇宙线。本刊2011年第5期曾有详细报道。AMS先后有2种型号:AMS01和AMS02。AMS01用永久磁铁,场强约0.15 T,重3吨,早在1998年已在发现号航天飞机上成功试飞过。AMS02安置在国际空间站上,原计划采用超导磁铁,场强约0.87 T,为此科学家们差不多花了近10年功夫,却在2010年离发射不到1年的时候决定放弃超导方案,仍用1998年已经试飞考验过的、场强较低的永磁方案。这到底是为什么呢?     

激光聚变研究中心聚变靶物理实验和诊断技术研究进展北大核心CSCD

美国在国家点火攻关计划(NIC)的实施尽管未能实现点火目标,但建立了前所未有的点火靶物理精密实验能力,深化了点火靶物理认识,进一步明确了需要进一步解决的关键问题。激光聚变研究中心利用神光Ⅱ和神光Ⅲ原型装置条件,围绕黑腔等离子体能量学和内爆动力学开展实验与诊断技术研究,部分关键诊断技术取得突破,精密的实验能力显著增强,进一步丰富的配套实验结果在深化靶物理认识和校验数值模拟程序方面发挥了重要作用。     

一种简便的溶胶-凝胶法制备的La0.67Ca0.33MnO3纳米晶粉末的结构与性能（英文）

采用一种比较简单的溶胶-凝胶法在相对较低的温度下制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.67Ca0.33MnO3纳米粉末。XRD结果显示干凝胶直接在500℃下煅烧即可得到单一钙钛矿相,而无需任何其他中间步骤。当煅烧温度从500℃上升到900℃时,纳米晶的尺寸相应的从30纳米长大到80纳米左右。分别采用扫描电镜和传统的四探针法表征了多晶靶材的表面形貌和电输运性能,观察到了电阻率-温度(ρ-T)曲线上绝缘体-金属转变温度TIM附近(270 K左右)非常陡的电阻率变化。     

复合系统双荷子解的存在性

用不定变分法研究了由Georgi-Glashow(GG)模型和SO(3)规范Skyrme模型所构成的复合(简记为GGS)模型,证明了其既带电荷又带磁荷的类粒子稳态解——双荷子解的存在性.该解是依赖于两个物理参数的径向对称解.最后,给出了解在无穷远处的渐近估计.     

颅脑损伤后脑组织中水通道蛋白4表达的变化

目的研究颅脑损伤后水通道蛋白4（AQP-4）在脑组织中表达的变化及其临床意义。方法对27例颅脑损伤患者行开颅手术,将术中取得的挫伤水肿脑组织（损伤组）和颞极减压获得的相对正常脑组织（对照组）进行AQP-4的免疫组化和re-al- time PCR检测。结果损伤组各时点挫伤水肿脑组织AQP-4的表达量均明显高于对照组（均P＜0.05）;损伤24h后周围水肿脑组织中的AQP-4表达量显著升高。结论颅脑损伤后脑水肿的形成和发展与AQP-4的异常表达密切相关。     

Proposal of switchable multiwavelength laser with continuously tunable spacing in MgO： APPLN waveguide

A switchable multiwavelength laser with a continuously tunable spacing is proposed and illustrated based on cascaded interactions of the second harmonic and difference-frequency generations in an aperiodically poled MgO-doped lithium niobate (MgO:APPLN) waveguide. The wavelengths and wavelength spacings of the four outputs are continuously varied and controlled by changing the two input pump wavelengths and spacings within a 3-nm flattop bandwidth of MgO:APPLN. In addition, the switchable states of the four outputs can be selected by inputting proper powers of the two pumps. The number of output wavelengths can also be increased by choosing the proper APPLN structure, the total length of MgO:APPLN, and higher powers of input pump lights.     

Improving attosecond pulse reflection by large angle incidence for a periodic multilayer mirror in the extreme ultraviolet region

The improvement of attosecond pulse reflection by large angle incidence for a periodic multilayer mirror in the extreme ultraviolet region has been discussed. Numerical simulations of both spectral and temporal reflection characteristics of periodic multilayer mirrors under various incident angles have been analyzed and compared. It was found that the periodic multilayer mirror under a larger incidence angle can provide not only higher integrated reflectivity but also a broader reflection band with negligible dispersion, making it possible to obtain better a reflected pulse that has a higher pulse reflection efficiency and shorter pulse duration for attosecond pulse reflection. In addition, by increasing the incident angle, the promotion of attosecond pulse reflection capability has been proven for periodic multilayer mirrors with arbitrary layers.     

The supply voltage scaled dependency of the recovery of single event upset in advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor static random-access memory cells

Using computer-aided design three-dimensional simulation technology,the supply voltage scaled dependency of the recovery of single event upset and charge collection in static random-access memory cells are investigated.It reveals that the recovery linear energy transfer threshold decreases with the supply voltage reducing,which is quite attractive for dynamic voltage scaling and subthreshold circuit radiation-hardened design.Additionally,the effect of supply voltage on charge collection is also investigated.It is concluded that the supply voltage mainly affects the bipolar gain of the parasitical bipolar junction transistor(BJT) and the existence of the source plays an important role in supply voltage variation.     

Thermal modeling optimization and experimental validation for a single, concentrator solar cell system with a heat sink

A single concentrator solar cell model with a heat sink is established to simulate the thermal performance of the system by varying the number, height, and thickness of fins, the base thickness and thermal resistance of the thermal conductive adhesive. Influence disciplines of those parameters on temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are obtained. With optimized number, height and thickness of fins, and the thickness values of base of 8, 1.4 cm, 1.5 mm, and 2 mm, the lowest temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are 41.7℃ and 36.3℃ respectively. A concentrator solar cell prototype with a heat sink fabricated based on the simulation optimized structure is built. Outdoor temperatures of the prototype are tested. Temperatures of the solar cell and heat sink are stabilized with time continuing at about 37℃-38℃ and 35℃-36℃ respectively, slightly lower than the simulation results because of effects of the wind and cloud. Thus the simulation model enables to predict the thermal performance of the system, and the simulation results can be a reference for designing heat sinks in the field of single concentrator solar cells.