Production of exotic neutron-deficient isotopes near N,Z=50 in multinucleon transfer reactions

The multinucleon transfer reaction in the collisions of ~(40) Ca+ ~(124) Sn at Ec.m. = 128.5 MeV is investigated using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. The measured angular distributions and isotopic distributions of the products are reproduced reasonably well by the calculations. The multinucleon transfer reactions of ~(40) Ca +~(112) Sn, ~(58) Ni + ~(112) Sn, ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn, and ~(48) Ca + ~(112) Sn are also studied. This demonstrates that the combinations of neutron-deficient projectile and target are advantageous for the production of exotic neutron-deficient nuclei near N,Z =50. The charged particles' emission plays an important role at small impact parameters in the de-excitation processes of the system. The production cross sections of the exotic neutron-deficient nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions are much larger than those measured in the fragmentation and fusion-evaporation reactions. Several new neutron-deficient nuclei can be produced in the ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn reaction. The corresponding production cross sections for the new neutron-deficient nuclei,~(101,112) Sb,~(103) Te,and ~106,107) I,are 2.0 nb,4.1 nb,6.5 nb,0.4 μb and 1.0 μb,respectively.     

SAPO-5分子筛的晶化过程研究

采用X射线衍射、 X射线荧光光谱、 扫描电子显微镜和固体核磁共振波谱等方法对SAPO-5分子筛的晶化过程进行了研究. 结果表明, SAPO-5分子筛的生成遵循液相晶化机理. 在晶化前期首先生成一种具有较为规整形貌的无定形磷酸铝(记为Am), 晶化温度大于200 ℃后开始出现SAPO-5, 同时无定形物质Am的量也明显增加, 随后Am逐渐溶解并贡献于SAPO-5的生长; 硅原子在晶化初期直接参与晶化进入SAPO-5分子筛骨架, 随着晶化时间延长, 分子筛晶体中硅含量逐渐增加; SAPO-5骨架仅能容纳少量的Si(4Al)物种, 在样品含有较低硅含量时骨架中即出现硅岛. XPS分析进一步揭示SAPO-5分子筛存在表面富硅现象, 硅在晶体中从核到壳含量递增. 研究结果也表明, 分子筛的拓扑结构和硅源选择影响晶体表面富硅程度.     

Mercury软件在配位化学教学中的应用*

以配合物Zn(2,4′-bpt)2(H2O)晶体结构为例,探讨了Mercury软件在配位化学教学中的应用。首先在构建零维晶体结构基础上,通过氢键连接形成一维链,明确了该配合物的结构特点;其次,测量了键长、键角和二面角等,定量地解释了化学键参数信息;最后,结合配合物粉末衍射实验数据与模拟数据对比,分析了样品的纯度。Mercury软件可在微观结构层次实现配合物在多维空间排列组合的可视化展示,使学生直观地理解配合物结构的抽象概念。     

不带奇异数的双重子态（英文）

在手征SU（3） 夸克模型下应用共振群方法讨论了三个非奇异的双重子态的性质。计算中的模型参数取自我们以前的工作,拟合核子-核子相互作用散射相移确定下来的。首先,研究了氘核的性质,这是非常重要的,因为氘核是多年来实验上唯一发现的双重子态。氘核属于核子-核子系统,它是自旋为S =1 和同位旋为T =0 的双重子态。我们计算了氘核的结合能、散射长度以及氘核的相对运动波函数,结果表明手征SU（3） 夸克模型可以合理描述氘核的性质并且发现张量力对形成松散束缚态的氘核是重要的。然后,给出了S = 3 和T =0 的ΔΔ双重子态的理论预言结果,这里考虑了分波耦合和隐色道耦合效应,计算了结合能和均方根半径。结果表明,隐色道耦合效应比分波耦合效应大,也就是说隐色道耦合效应在形成（ΔΔ）_ST=30 双重子态中是重要的。我们的理论预言结果在几十个MeV 左右,低于ΔΔ道的阈值但是高于NΔπ的阈值. 出乎意料地,我们的预言结果很接近最近2014 年WASA的实验结果。接着,给出了对S = 0 和T =3 的ΔΔ双重子态性质的最新研究结果,这里在以前的单道计算基础上考虑了隐色道耦合效应。结果表明,隐色道耦合对（ΔΔ）ST=03的结合能也有较大的影响。但是,和（ΔΔ）_ST=30 一样,它的质量低于ΔΔ道的阈值但是高于NΔπ的阈值。最后,对S = 3 以及S = 0 两个不同ΔΔ自旋态,详细比较了两者结构之间的差异。结果表明,σ'介子交换和OGE 交换对自旋S = 0 和S = 1 态提供的吸引作用分别是主要的,从而导致耦合道计算中系统的结合能变大。In the present work we discuss three dibaryons without strangeness in the chiral SU(3) quark model by solving the resonating group method (RGM) equation. In the calculation, the model parameters are taken from our previous work in which the nucleon-nucleon (NN) scattering phase shifts are fitted quite well. Firstly, the structure of deuteron is discussed, which is very important since it is the first dibaryon confirmed by experiment in the past many years. Deuteron belongs to NN system with spin S =1 and isospin T =0, the binding energy, scattering length and the relative wave functions of deuteron are discussed. The results show that the chiral SU(3) quark model describes the properties of deuteron quite well and tensor interaction is important in forming the deuteron loosely bound. Secondly, the predicted results of ΔΔ dibaryon with S =3 and T =0 are shown, the resultant binding energy and size of root-mean-square (RMS) of six quarks are calculated by including the L coupling and hidden color channel (CC) coupling. The results show that the CC coupling effect is much larger than the L mixing effect, which means that CC coupling plays an important role in forming the spin S =3 ΔΔ dibayon state. Our predicted binding energy is several tens MeV, it is lower than the threshold of the ΔΔ channel and higher than the mass of NΔπ. Unexpectedly, our predicted mass is quite close to the recent confirmation by WASA experiments in 2014. Thirdly, we present our new results of ΔΔ dibaryon with S = 0 and T =3, obtained recently by extending the single-channel calculation to including the CC coupling. It is seen that the CC coupling also has a relatively large effect on (ΔΔ)ST=03 state. However, its mass is still lower than the threshold of the ΔΔ channel and higher than the mass of NΔπ, similar as that of (ΔΔ)_ST=30 state. Finally, we further make some comparisons between S = 3 and S = 0 ΔΔ states to show the difference of the two dibaryons. The results show that the attractive interactions from σ' meson and OGE exchanges are dominantly important for S =0 and S =3 states, respectively, so their binding energies all become larger in coupled-channel calculation.     

LiCl、CaCl_2和NaCl-CaCl_2水溶液体系低温相变过程的X射线衍射法研究

本文使用低温X射线衍射法对不同浓度的LiCl、CaCl2和NaCl-CaCl2水溶液在降温过程中的相变情况进行了实时监测,获得了降温过程中的衍射图。结果显示,在快速降温的实验条件下,随温度降低,CaCl2溶液在-10～-60℃范围内析出冰或CaCl2·6H2O;LiCl溶液在5～-80℃范围内析出冰或LiCl·H2O;CaCl2-NaCl溶液在5～-40℃范围内析出CaCl2·6H2O或NaCl、冰。实验结果与相图的对比验证了这一实验方法的可行性。根据实验结果推断,本实验条件下固相可能先以无水盐的形式析出,而水合盐的形成则需要更长的平衡时间。本文的实验方法可为其他油田卤水子体系低温相平衡的研究提供有用信息,进而为油田水低温下结晶析盐规律的研究奠定基础。     

掺杂对铌酸锂晶体非挥发全息存储性能的影响

通过研究掺镁、掺锌和掺铟同成分铌酸锂晶体的紫外-红光双色全息存储性能,发现双色记录响应时间均比单色记录时明显缩短,最多的可减小3个数量级;双色记录灵敏度大幅度提高,在掺镁5 mol.%的晶体中可达到11 cm/J.在掺杂浓度超过抗光损伤阈值的铌酸锂晶体中,均可实现非挥发全息存储.但是,在掺镁、锌样品中,深、浅能级中心上的光栅反相,而在掺铟样品中则表现为同相.这是由于掺杂离子的种类不同,在铌酸锂晶体中形成的缺陷中心也不同所引起的. 关键词： 掺杂 铌酸锂晶体 非挥发 全息存储     

Light-Induced Domain Inversion in Mg-Doped near Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate Crystals

We investigate the influence of visible light on domain inversion in Mg-doped near stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals and find that the switching electric field decreases about 70% above a threshold light intensity. This effect helps us optically control domain switching and produce bulk domain structures on the micrometre scale. Finally, we introduce a model of photo-induced carriers to explain the origin of the reduction of switching electric field.     

稀土元素原子发射光谱及其谱线干扰的高分辨率ICP—AES研究

本文是系列工作的第五部分。利用光栅刻线为３６００条．ｍｍ＾－１的高分辨单道扫描ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ光谱仪,研究了鲁（Ｌｕ）、铥（Ｔｍ）、钇（Ｙ）、镱（Ｙｂ）基体分别对其他１４个稀土元素共６６条“首选分析线”：的光谱干扰情况,获得了相应的光谱干扰轮廓稀土光谱信息。计算了“Ｑ”值和“实际检测限”,为选择在不同稀土基体中的稀土元素最佳分析线提供了参考依据。     

乙酸胁迫酵母细胞凋亡过程中单个线粒体损伤的拉曼光谱分析

应用激光光镊拉曼光谱技术(LTRS)作为一种非入侵分析线粒体的工具,结合氧电极法、紫外分光光度计法,研究乙酸胁迫酵母细胞后提取的线粒体,以及直接胁迫正常酵母细胞的离体线粒体的拉曼光谱.结果显示,乙酸胁迫酵母细胞后提取的线粒体的拉曼光谱,归属于核酸的谱峰(1081和1301 cm-1)、蛋白质的谱峰(872,1445,1604和1657 cm-1)、脂类的谱峰(1125,1301,1445和1657 cm-1)、Cyt c的特征峰(750和1125 cm-1)、线粒体呼吸特征峰(1604 cm-1),都随着诱导程度的加深而降低,与常规法测定的指标呼吸率,磷氧比,细胞色素C含量的降低,MDA含量的升高的变化趋势相似;乙酸直接胁迫线粒体的拉曼光谱,归属于核酸的谱峰(1081和1301 cm-1),蛋白质的谱峰(872,1445,1604和1657 cm-1),脂类的谱峰(1125,1301,1445和1657 cm-1),Cyt c的特征峰(750和1125 cm-1),线粒体呼吸特征峰(1604 cm-1),都随着诱导程度的加深而降低,与常规法测定的指标呼吸率、磷氧比、细胞色素C含量的降低,MDA含量的升高的变化趋势相似.结果表明,乙酸胁迫细胞过程中,乙酸进到细胞内可能直接作用于线粒体,引起线粒体内物质的释放,导致依赖于线粒体途径的细胞凋亡.     

V@CN催化的芳烃的氧气羟基化反应

制备了V@CN催化剂,并用于氧气条件下芳烃的直接羟基化反应。结果表明,在V@CN催化剂作用下,带有不同吸电子基团(CN, NO2, COOH, CF3和COCH3)的芳烃均可被O2氧化得到相应的酚,产率中等。含有卤素(F, Cl和Br)的芳烃也可在该催化体系作用下转化为相应的酚。