The dissociation pathways of N2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields

Using a neutral N2 beam as target,this paper studies the dissociation of N2+ in intense femtosecond laser fields(45 fs,～1×10 16 W/cm 2) at the laser wavelength of 800 nm based on the time-of-flight mass spectra of N + fragment ions.The angular distributions of N+ and the laser power dependence of N + yielded from different dissociation pathways show that the dissociation mechanisms mainly proceed through the couplings between the metastable states(A,B and C) and the upper excited states of N2+.A coupling model of light-dressed potential energy curves of N+2 is used to interpret the kinetic energy release of N+.     

基于光场感生电离类镍氪系统峰值增益系数的计算

利用自行编制的辅助程序将原来仅以麦克斯韦分布为基础的Cowan程序推广到适用于任意电子能量分布情形下获得的光场感生电离 (OFI)等离子中的一些原子参数 ,在考虑多普勒加宽和自然加宽 ,对离子数密度分别为1× 10 17cm-3 和 3.2× 10 17cm-3 的情况下的类镍氪系统的增益系数进行了估算 ,理论上的峰值增益系数为14cm-1、141cm-1。     

Enhanced laser characteristics of pyrromethene 650 using modified PMMA as solid hosts

Solid-state samples based on modified polymethyl methacrylate (MPMMA) with methanol doped with the dye pyrromethene 650 (PM650) are prepared.The effects of a volume percentage of methanol on the laser characteristics of the sample,including spectra properties,slope efficiency,photostability and tunable properties,are investigated.The broadband dye laser output wavelength is around 655 nm and a highest slope efficiency of 32.23% is achieved.Pumping the samples at a repetition rate of 5 Hz with a pulse energy of as high as 100 mJ (the fluence is 0.26 J/cm 2),the longest lifetime (168000 shots) is obtained in the sample (MMA:methanol=18:2),and the corresponding normalized photostability reaches 109.19 GJ/mol.When the sample (MMA:methanol=18:2) is placed in a Shoshan-type oscilla-tor,the narrow-linewidth operation is a continuous tuning range (up to 64 nm).The results indicate that the laser characteristics of solid-state dyes can be greatly enhanced by using modified PMMA with methanol serving as the solid host.     

Valence orbital method of calculating harmonic emission from diatomic molecule

We present a valence orbital method of calculating high-order harmonic generation from a diatomic molecule with arbitrary orientation by using a space rotation operator. We evaluate the effects of each valence orbital on harmonic emissions from N₂ and O₂ molecules in detail separately. The calculation results confirm the different properties of harmonic yields from N₂ and O₂ molecules which are well consistent with available experimental data. We observe that due to the orientation dependence of \sigma and \pi orbitals, the bonding orbital (\sigma _{2pz} )^2 of N₂ determines the maximum of harmonic emission when the molecular axis of N₂ is aligned parallel to the laser vector, and the magnitude of the high harmonic signal gradually weakens with the orientation angle of molecular axis increasing. But for O₂ molecule the antibonding orbitals (\pi _{2py}^\ast )^1 and (\pi _{2pz}^\ast )^1 contribute to the maximum of harmonic yield when O₂ is aligned at 45^{\circ} and bonding orbitals (\pi _{2py} )^2 and (\pi _{2pz} )^2 slightly influence the orientation angle of maximum of harmonic radiation not exactly at 45^{\circ}.     

丙硅乳液的核磁共振研究

单介绍了²⁹Si NMR实验技术;用²⁹Si NMR测定了丙硅乳液原料羟基硅氧烷的平均聚合度、平均分子量、平均羟基含量;用¹³C NMR分析了丙硅乳液的结构组成。     

Accuracy design of ultra-low residual reflection coatings for laser optics

Refractive index inhomogeneity is one of the important characteristics of optical coating material, which is one of the key factors to produce loss to the ultra-low residual reflection coatings except using the refractive index inhomogeneity to obtain gradient-index coating. In the normal structure of antireflection coatings for center wavelength at 532 nm, the physical thicknesses of layer H and layer L are 22.18 nm and 118.86 nm, respectively. The residual reflectance caused by refractive index inhomogeneity(the degree of inhomogeneous is between -0.2 and 0.2) is about 200 ppm, and the minimum reflectivity wavelength is between 528.2 nm and 535.2 nm. A new numerical method adding the refractive index inhomogeneity to the spectra calculation was proposed to design the laser antireflection coatings, which can achieve the design of antireflection coatings with ppm residual reflection by adjusting physical thickness of the couple layers. When the degree of refractive index inhomogeneity of the layer H and layer L is-0.08 and 0.05 respectively, the residual reflectance increase from zero to 0.0769% at 532 nm. According to the above accuracy numerical method, if layer H physical thickness increases by 1.30 nm and layer L decrease by 4.50 nm, residual reflectance of thin film will achieve to 2.06 ppm. When the degree of refractive index inhomogeneity of the layer H and layer L is 0.08 and -0.05 respectively, the residual reflectance increase from zero to 0.0784% at 532 nm. The residual reflectance of designed thin film can be reduced to 0.8 ppm by decreasing the layer H of 1.55 nm while increasing the layer L of 4.94 nm.     

基于预处理的决策树在化学数据挖掘中的应用

化学数据挖掘可从海量数据中提取蕴含的知识,决策树方法是一种重要的挖掘工具。鉴于决策树在处理连续数据上的局限性,本研究提出先进行预处理,将连续属性离散化,通过特征选择删除其冗余量,以此为基础构建决策树。该方法可防止决策树模型“过细”,使之具有良好的预报性能。将此方法应用于两个化学样品分类实例,效果良好。与贝叶斯分析和单一的决策树方法相比,其预报正确率有显著提高,且表达形式直观明确,易于理解和分析,适用于化学分类知识模式的挖掘。     

基于核函数的非线性分类相关分析及其在化学模式识别中的应用

与统计分析和神经网络相比,基于结构风险最小的支持向量机有更好的分类性能。它用于非线性分类时,先将样本映射到更高维的特征空间,往往会增加复共线性与冗余信息,将影响样本分布,降低线性支持向量机分类器(LSVC)的预测性能。本研究提出非线性分类相关分析算法(NLCCA),利用核函数技术,无需了解非线性映射的算式,从特征空间的样本映像中提取分类相关成分,以消除冗余信息,改善样本分布。由此构建的NLCCA-LSVC集成分类器具有优良的预测性能。经模拟数据的测试,并实际用于两个复杂的化学模式识别问题,均取得令人满意的效果,也印证了算法的有效性。     

“电流的燮压”的教学

在谈到苏联学校的综合技术教育的内容时,列宁特别强调必须使学生深刻地认识电及其在国民经济各部门中的应用。列宁要求,中学毕业生“…应具有综合技术的眼界和基本的(初步的)综合技术训练。即: (1) 关于电的基本概念(正确规定的那些概念)。 (2) 关于机械工业上电的应用的基本概念。     

介紹北京市複雜儀器使用法的講演会

最近兩年來,北京市的普通中學和師範学校,在中央教育部的重點裝備和北京市教育局的大力配發教學设備的計劃下,均已獲得了自然科學各科教学所需的各種仪器、药品、模型和標本等;物理方面的演示儀器和學生實驗仪器以及實驗室中必備的設備等也都已逐步充實起來。絕大部分學校都已能够根據教學大綱,配合教学进行演示和学生分組實驗,加强了教学的直观性,貫澈理諭聯系實際的精神,因而教學质量也获得了一定的提高。伹由於許多教師,特别是青年教師,對一些比較複雜的物理