常见野生蘑菇的红外光谱及其二维相关红外光谱的鉴别

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱结合相关性分析、二阶导数谱和二维相关谱对13种常见野生蘑菇进行鉴别研究。结果显示13种野生蘑菇的红外光谱光谱特征相似,主要由蛋白质、多糖的吸收组成,13种样品的相关系数最小为0.779,最大值为0.960。在1 700~1 400和1 400~800 cm-1范围的二阶导数光谱中,各样品吸收峰的强度、位置和形状均有明显差异。二维相关红外光谱在1 380~1 680 cm-1范围的强自动峰整体相近,但自动峰和交叉峰位置、形状存在差异;在920~1 230 cm-1的范围,各样品的自动峰和交叉峰的数量、强度和位置差异明显。结果表明傅里叶变换红外光谱结合相关性分析、二阶导数谱和二维相关谱有望发展为区分不同种类蘑菇的快速方法。     

相对论重离子碰撞中手征磁效应寻找的现状(英文)

量子色动力学中夸克和拓扑胶子场的相互作用可以产生局域宇称和共轭电荷宇称不守恒,这也许能解释宇宙中物质-反物质的不对称性。在强磁场下,宇称不守恒会导致粒子按正负电荷分离,此现象称为手征磁效应。在重离子碰撞实验中对电荷分离的测量主要受物理本底的影响,大部分的理论和实验工作一直致力于消除或减少这些本底。在此综述了相对论重离子碰撞中手征磁效应寻找的现状。Quark interactions with topological gluon fields in QCD can yield local P and CP violations which could explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe. Effects of P and CP violations can result in charge separation under a strong magnetic field, a phenomenon called the chiral magnetic effect (CME). Experimental measurements of the CME-induced charge separation in heavy-ion collisions are dominated by physics backgrounds. Major theoretical and experimental efforts have been devoted to eliminating or reducing those backgrounds. We review the current status of these efforts in the search for the CME in heavy-ion collisions.     

GaN基紫外探测器的研究与制备

报道了用MOCVD方法在GaAs衬底上制作p-GaN/InGaN/n-GaN结构紫外探测器.我们对器件进行了测试分析.根据器件光伏信号强度和相位的测量结果,我们得到了该器件的能带结构图.我们还发现Ni/Au电极与p-GaN之间的接触表现出肖特基接触的特性.该探测器在入射光波长为375nm处的响应度大约为7.4×10-3A/W.     

X射线衍射法在泌尿系结石研究中的应用

泌尿系结石是一种世界范围的常见病、多发病。准确分析尿石的化学成分和物相,有助于了解泌尿系结石的形成机制。X射线衍射法(XRD)是进行泌尿系结石研究的最重要方法之一,用作定性分析时具有可靠性,用作定量分析时具有准确性,且检测简便迅速、灵敏度高、多组分和多晶态可一次性检测。文章综述了XRD在泌尿系结石定性和定量分析中的应用以及XRD与质子激发X射线发射光谱(PIXE)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等联合分析尿石的研究进展。     

Numerical Study on Left-Handed Materials Made of Ferrite and Metallic Wires

Due to coupling effect, we show that it is difficult to realize the left-handed material by placing metallic wires directly into a ferrite matrix. However by introducing an insulating material round the metallic wires to decouple the direct interaction between the metallic wire and ferrite matrix, we have proposed two microstructures, which are shown by numerical simulation to have negative refractive indexes. The influence of microstructure on the transmission property is also examined.     

Preparation of Cu（In,Ga）Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells by Selenization of Metallic Precursors in an Ar Atmosphere

Cu（In, Ga）Se2 thin films are deposited on Mo-coated glass substrates by Se vapour selenization of sputtered metallic precursors in the atmosphere of Ar gas flow under a pressure of about 10 Pa. The in situ heat treatment of as-grown precursor leads to the formation of a better alloy. During selenization, the growth of CuInSe2 phase preferably proceeds through Se-poor phases as CuSe and InSe at relatively low substrate temperature of 250℃, due to the absence of In2Se3 at intermediate stage at low reactor pressure. Subsequently, the Cu（In,Ga）Se2 phase is produced by the reactive diffusion of CuInSe2 with a Se-poor GaSe phase at high temperature of up to 560℃. The final film exhibits smooth surface and large grain size. The absorber is used to fabricate a glass/Mo/Cu（In, Ga）Se2/CdS/ZnO cell with the total-area efficiency of about 7%. The low open-circuit voltage value of the cell fabricated should result from the nonuniform distribution of In and Ga in the absorber, due to the diffusion-controlled reaction during the phase formation. The films, as well as devices, are characterized.     

Effect of Incident Intensity on Films Growth in Pulsed Laser Deposition

Incident intensity, defined by the amount of particles deposited per pulse, is an important parameter in the film growth process of pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. Different from previous models, we investigate the irreversible and reversible growth processes by using a kinetic Monte Carlo method and find that island density and film morphology strongly depend on pulse intensity. At higher pulse intensities, lots of adatoms instantaneously diffuse on the substrate surface, and then nucleation easily occurs between the moving adatoms resulting in more smaller-size islands. In contrast, at the lower pulse intensities, nucleation event occurs preferentially between the single adatom and existing islands rather than forming new islands, and therefore the average island size becomes larger in this case. Additionally, our results show that substrate temperature plays an important role in film growth. In particular, it can determine the films shape and weaken the effect of pulse intensity on film growth at the lower temperatures by controlling the mobility rate of atoms. Our results can match the related theoretical and experimental results.     

Multiple-State Storage Capability of Stacked Chalcogenide Films （Si16Sb33Te51/Si4Sb45Te51/Si11Sb39Te50） for Phase Change Memory

The multiple-state storage capability of phase change memory （PCM） is confirmed by using stacked chalcogenide films as the storage medium. The current-voltage characteristics and the resistance-current characteristics of the PCM clearly indicate that four states can be stored in this stacked film structure. Qualitative analysis indicates that the multiple-state storage capability of this stacked film structure is due to successive crystallizations in different Si-Sb-Te layers triggered by different amplitude currents.     

石斛与桑寄生的红外光谱对比分析

用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定了石斛与桑寄生的红外光谱,通过比较发现两者光谱较相似,桑寄生与石斛的相似峰个数达到91.7%。主要吸收峰的频率基本一致,反映两样品的主要化学成分相似。利用差谱技术对石斛与桑寄生的光谱进行分析,发现两者的红外光谱差异主要在1800—800cm-1范围,该范围内的差谱反映出两者的差异主要来自黄酮、蛋白质、多糖类化合物的相对含量不同。     

基于LabVIEW的高温超导材料特性测试实验

高温超导体临界特性的测量是近代物理实验中最为经典的实验之一,本文通过使用GM制冷机,利用Lab-VIEW虚拟仪器软件和高性能采集卡,改进了传统的测量高温超导材料临界特性的实验装置.本测试系统不仅可以测量高温超导体在不同温度下的临界电流,还可以测量其失超传播特性.该实验对于学生了解超导体特性和培养严谨的科学作风十分有益.