分散液相微萃取-气相色谱法测定水样中六种芳香胺

建立了分散液相微萃取-气相色谱同时测定环境水样中氟苯胺等6种芳香胺的方法.确定了色谱条件,在4 min内实现了对6种芳香胺的分离与测定;对萃取剂种类及用量、分散剂种类及用量;水样pH值、NaCl加入量等前处理条件进行了优化,使得水样中6种芳香胺得到了同时提取和富集.在最佳实验条件下,建立了6种物质的工作曲线,其相关系数...     

乙二胺杂化锗酸锌纳米带的绿色合成及其对铀酰离子的吸附与检测

该文采用水热法合成了一种新型乙二胺杂化的锗酸锌纳米带(NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs),并用于铀酰离子(UO₂²⁺)的检测和吸附。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)以及荧光光谱等对纳米带的结构及其光学特性进行了表征。结果表明NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs表面含有大量的—Ge—O—H和—NH₂基团,为UO₂²⁺的检测和吸附提供了丰富的结合位点。此外NH₂-Zn₂GeO₄ NRs可高效、高选择性地吸附和检测UO₂²⁺,其对UO₂²⁺的吸附符合Langmuir等温模型,最大吸附量为190 mg...     

MEMS矢量水听器用于潜标系统的可行性（英文）北大核心CSCD

提出将MEMS矢量水听器应用于潜标系统,并进行了大量实验验证其可行性。MEMS矢量水听器是一种新型水下声学传感器,它具有体积小、成本低、一致性高和高灵敏度等优点。将水听器应用于潜标系统,可以大幅降低阵列孔径,进而有效地监测海洋声场的矢量信息。矢量水听器矢量通道的指向性与频率无关,在低频和甚低频同样可以获得良好的空间增益,应用在低频和甚低频领域中,可以有效地解决声纳设备体积庞大的问题。经过对系统样机进行多次室内驻波桶调试和外场湖试与海试,结果表明,该系统能有效检测海底20~1000Hz范围内的声场矢量信号,水听器此时的灵敏度可达-176dB,且具有良好的“8”字型指向性。实验结果证明了MEMS矢量水听器应用在潜标系统中进行海洋声场矢量信息探测的可行性,为MEMS矢量水听器在水下目标探测领域的研究提供了良好的试验平台,并为其工程化应用奠定了基础。     

High-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with different vibrational modes in an intense laser field

We apply the strong-field Lewenstein model to demonstrate the high-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with three vibrational modes(balance vibration,bending vibration,and stretching vibration) driven by an intense laser field.The results show that the intensity of harmonic spectra is sensitive to molecular vibrational modes,and the high harmonic efficiency with stretching vibrational mode is the strongest.The underlying physical mechanism of the harmonic emission can be well explained by the corresponding ionization yield and the time-frequency analysis.Finally,we demonstrate the attosecond pulse generation with different vibrational modes and an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of about 112 as is generated.     

粉末样品颗粒大小对花椒挥发油近红外光谱定量预测的影响研究

为了快速有效评定花椒质量等级,应用近红外光谱分析技术,采用偏最小二乘法,对141份花椒样品粉碎成八种不同颗粒大小的粉末,对近红外光谱分别建立挥发油含量预测模型,当粉末样品颗粒大小为40目时,建立的模型最优,交叉验证测定系数r2141为0.9364,交叉验证误差均方根RMSECV141为0.421。使用105份40目粉末样品近红外光谱所建立的模型对36份样品的预测集进行预测,光谱预处理采用Meancentering vector normalization,谱区在6100.1~5774.2cm-1及4601.6~4424.2cm-1,则预测测定系数r326为0.9862,预测集验证误差均方根RMSEP36为0.192,预测相对标准差RSD36为4.95%,预测相对分析误差RPD36为8.517。研究结果表明,对花椒进行近红外光谱扫描前,粉碎到40目时所建立的近红外光谱模型最佳,使用近红外光谱技术快速有效检测花椒挥发油含量是可行的。     

Advanced high-pressure transport measurement system integrated with low temperature and magnetic field

We briefly introduce a new high-pressure transport measurement system integrated with low temperature and magnetic field that is being established as one of the user experimental stations of the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facilities in the Huairou District of Beijing, China. To demonstrate the capabilities of the system for condensed matter research,the emergence of some pressure-induced phenomena and physics related to superconductivity found previously is also introduced, and then a perspective for such an advanced high-pressure system is presented.     

三元添加剂水溶液体系中金属银粒子的形貌控制合成

Single-crystal silver hollow disks and nanorods were prepared by controlled synthesis in a mixed aqueous solution of ternary additives (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), methacrylic acid (MAA) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)). The Products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM). SEM studies suggest that the well-separated silver microdisks with diameter of 2～3 μm and thicknesses of about 200 nm were obtained. The corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) reveals the single-crystal nature of these hollow silver disks.     

Photoproduction of the Charged Top-Pions at the LHeC

The top triangle moose (TTM) model, which can be seen as the deconstructed version of the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model, predicts the existence of the charged top-pions πt± in low energy spectrum. In the context of this model, we consider photoproduction of πt± via the subprocesses γb→tπ-and γ→πt+ at the large hadron-electron collider (LHeC), in which high energy photon beams are generated by using the Compton backscatting method. We find that, as long as the charged top-pions are not too heavy, they can be abundantly produced via γb collision.     

MEMS仿生矢量水听器微结构的有限元分析

结合压电原理和仿生学理论,利用MEMS工艺制作的仿生矢量水听器,具有高灵敏度、宽频带、矢量性及高信噪比等特点。为了进一步提高水听器预测水下环境中声学特性的准确性并提高其固有频率,利用有限元方法对MEMS水听器仿生微结构进行优化分析。首先,对仿生微结构固有频率和灵敏度与其结构尺寸关系作了理论分析并画出不同微结构尺寸下的固有频率和最大应力曲线。其次,运用ANSYS软件对仿生微结构进行有限元仿真并画出固有频率和最大应力响应曲线。对比分析理论与仿真结果,得出当悬臂梁长、宽、厚及仿生纤毛的高度和半径分别为400, 80, 50, 1000和80 m 时,MEMS矢量水听器的性能得到最优化,同时对理论与仿真结果的差异进行了分析。     

空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下氦离子的高次谐波以及孤立阿秒脉冲的产生

本文理论上研究了初态为基态与第一激发态等权叠加的一维氦离子在空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下氦离子的高次谐波发射及孤立阿秒脉冲的产生. 研究表明, 一维氦离子在空间非均匀啁啾双色场驱动下发射的高次谐波相对于均匀场情况截止位置得到明显扩展, 得到了光滑的超连续谱,并应用半经典三步模型解释了高次谐波发射的物理机理. 通过小波变换的方法对连续谱进行了时频分析, 并且与电子的经典运动轨迹进行了对比分析, 结果显示在空间非均匀场中长量子轨道消失, 短量子轨道加强. 讨论了空间非均匀啁啾双色场中时间延迟对谐波和孤立阿秒脉冲产生的影响, 发现适当调整时间延迟值可以得到较大延展的光滑的超连续谐波谱, 本方案中时间延迟为t₀=1.6πup/ω₁时得到了最大延展, 通过对谐波中600次到680次(80次)谐波合成得到32 as的孤立脉冲.