量子算法与量子计算实验

从量子体系的基本特性出发,介绍了量子计算的基本概念和物理背景,系统阐述了几种主要的最子算法以及量子计算在实验方面的发展现状。 对比经典计算机,讨论了量子计算机的优越性、实现量子计算的困难和以期克服的途径。     

算符(f(“非汉字符号”))~k正交归一本征态的非经典特性

证明了算符 (a^ f(n^) ) k(k≥ 3)的k个正交归一本征态的完备性 ,引入了反聚束效应和一种新的高阶压缩 ,研究了算符 (a^ f(n^) ) k 的k个本征态的反聚束效应和高阶压缩特性 .结果表明 ,这些态可以构成一个完备的希尔伯特(Hilbert)空间 ,它们均可呈现反聚束效应 ,且当k为偶数时它们可呈现M阶 [M =(n +1 2 )k ;n =0 ,1,2 ,… ]压缩效应     

Q变形非简谐振子湮没算符高次幂的本征态及其高阶压缩特性

构造出了Q变形的非简谐振子湮没算符K次幂(K≥3)的K个正交归一本征态,给出了它们的完备性证明,并且研究了它们的高次方压缩特性.结果表明,它们能够组成一个完备的Hilbert空间;且当K为偶数时,这些本征态均可呈现M次方[M=(n+1/2)K,n=0,1,2,…]压缩效应.     

基于Rb原子电磁诱导透明的量子干涉实验研究

报道了基于85RbD2线电磁诱导透明(EIT)的量子干涉现象,发现当一耦合光和探测光之间满足拉曼共振条件时出现电磁诱导透明现象,在某些条件下也观察到电磁诱导吸收(EIA).而当用一束耦合光和一束泵浦光共同作用于5S1/2,F=3→5P3/2,F′=3和5S1/2,F=3→5P3/2,F′=4能级上时,探测光的吸收谱表现出三峰结构,并且峰强弱与两耦合光之间的相对强度有关.     

Direct Measurement of Light Speed Reduction in a Rubidium Vapour Medium Coherently Prepared by Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

We have experimentally observed the reduction of light speed in a rubidium vapour medium coherently preparedby electromagnetically induced transparency. The light speed reduction was deduced by directly measuring thetime delay of a probe light when it passed through the medium. The time delay varies with the intensity of thecoupling laser, and the typical time delay we recorded was 1.8 μs, corresponding to a light speed of 56000 m/s.     

Determination of the 5d6p 3F4-5d2 3F transition probabilities of Ba I

Whether the transitions between 6s5d ³D and 5d6p ³F can be used for laser cooling of barium heavily depends upon the transition probabilities of 5d6p ³F-5d^{2 3}F. Taking the transition 6s5d ³D₃-5d6p ³F⁴ as a scale, the leakage rate of 5d6p ³F₄-5d^{2 3}F was used to evaluate the transition probabilities. 706 nm laser pulses with different durations were applied to a barium atomic beam for 6s5d ³D₃-5d^{2 3}F₄ optical pumping, and the remaining percentages in 6s5d ³D₃ were measured. After exponential fitting, the transition probability of 5d6p ³F₄-5d^{2 3}F_3,4 was determined to be 2.1(4)×10⁴ s^?1, which is in agreement with theoretical calculations using the scaled Thomas-Fermi-Dirac method.     

F（2P）与CH2Br2反应的化学发光光谱及其动力学

氟原子与卤代甲烷反应的化学发光研究有助于发现新的化学激光介质。氟原子与含氢卤代甲烷的反应存在F夺H的初级反应.Braynis等研究了高气压(60 Pa)下F与CH_nI_(4-n)(n=0,1,2,3)的反应,也研究了F与CH_3Br反应的化学发光,观察到了HF~?(X),CHF~*(A),CH~*(A)以BrF~*(B)的发射谱,对这些产物形成机制进行了解析并推断有中间络合物的生成.本文首次研究了F与CH_2Br_2的化学发光,在可见光范围(400～900nm)内观察了单次及多次碰撞条件下的光谱,证明在单次碰撞条件下(气压小于10~(-2)Pa)存在氟夺氢而生成HF~≠(X,V≤3)通道.而在多次碰撞条件下(气压大于0.1Pa)则观察到Br~*_2(B)和BrF~*(B)的发射谱,没有观察到CH~*及CHF~*.结合以前的激光诱导荧光实验结果,通过化学热力学分析,借助中间络合物形成机制,我们解释了实验观察到的所有现象。     

Optical Guiding of Trapped Atoms by a Blue-Detuned Hollow Laser Beam in the Horizontal Direction

Optical guiding of ^Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) by a blue-detuned horizontal hollow laser beam is demonstrated experimentally. The guiding efficiency and the velocity distribution of the guided atoms are found to have strong dependence on the detuning of the guiding laser. In particular, the optimum guiding occurs when the blue detuning of the hollow laser beam is approximately equal to the hyperfine structure splitting of the ^85Rb ground states, in good agreement with the theoretical analysis based on a three-level model.     

不同序列拉曼光脉冲对原子重力仪灵敏度的影响

研究了不同序列拉曼光脉冲对原子重力仪灵敏度的影响.结果表明,通过调节脉冲间隔可以改善原子干涉重力仪的灵敏度.在标准配置下,只考虑重力及一阶重力梯度时,三脉冲序列（π/2-π-π/2）的原子干涉重力仪具有较大的灵敏度,四脉冲序列（π/2-π-π-π/2）的原子干涉重力仪对重力不敏感,可用来测量重力梯度,五脉冲作用会降低原子干涉重力仪的灵敏度. 关键词： 原子重力仪 拉曼激光脉冲序列 灵敏度     

光场及原子-光场耦合的非线性对腔内原子辐射谱的影响

研究了包括任意的光场非线性和原子光场非线性依赖强度耦合J-C(Jaynes-Cummings)模型中单原子的辐射谱,分析了上述非线性对辐射谱的影响.结果表明,原子的辐射谱强烈地依赖于光场的非线性项R(a⁺a)及原子光场非线性耦合因子f(a⁺a)的形式,其谱结构与标准J-C模型中原子的辐射谱明显不同.当腔内充满的非线性介质使得f(a⁺a)=1/(a⁺a)^1/2时,对于任意的初始光场态,辐射谱总是显示 关键词： 辐射谱 非线性耦合