能量守恒和转化定律的发现

能量是物质运动的量度,而运动是物质的存在形式.毛主席指出:“人的认识物质,就是认识物质的运动形式,因为除了运动的物质以外,世界上什么也没有,而物质的运动刚必取一定的形式.对于物质的每一种运动形式,必须注意它和其他各种运动形式的共同点.”“任何运动形式,其内部都包含着本身特殊的矛盾.这种特殊的矛盾,就构成一事物区别于他事物的特殊的本质.”“所有这些物质的运动形式,都是互相依存的,又是本质上互相区别的.”1)能量守恒和转化定律精确地反映了“各种运动形式的共同点”及其相互依存、相互转化的关系,因而也就深刻地反映了世界的物…     

稀土元素示踪技术及其在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用

稀土元素示踪技术作为一种研究土壤侵蚀的新方法,被广泛应用于土壤坡面侵蚀和泥沙来源等方面的研究.在对稀土元素布设方法、含量测定方法和精度分析方法进行分析的基础上,对稀土元素示踪技术作了总结.对其在坡面侵蚀以及泥沙运移过程中的研究进行了评述,并在此基础上对稀土元素示踪技术的相关问题进行了探讨,指出了目前这些研究中存在的不足,以便为后期稀土元素示踪技术的改进及其在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用提供一定参考.     

带FCI液态包层的MHD效应及热变形模拟

本文结合CFD与FEM方法,对国际热核聚变实验堆(ITER)的双冷锂铅(DCLL)包层进行了"磁-热-流-固"多物理耦合场的三维数值模拟.基于电势方法,采用PISO算法和相容守恒格式求解了包含Lorentz力的不可压Navier-Stokes方程。应用有限元方法分析了DCLL包层关键部件流道插件(FCI)在热场和磁场耦合作用下的热应力.利用多物理场的顺序耦合算法获得了在强磁场作用下,包层内金属流体的压力、速度和温度分布,研究了各种厚度和导电率的FCI对于包层内MHD效应和传热性能的影响。     

Implementation of the direct demodulation method for natural gamma ray spectral logging

Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging (SGR) data is a critical part of surface information processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation (DD) method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company's natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.     

Robust H_∞ cluster synchronization analysis of Lurie dynamical networks

The cluster synchronization problem of complex dynamical networks with each node being a Lurie system with exter- nal disturbances and time-varying delay is investigated in this paper. Some criteria for cluster synchronization with desired H∞ performance are presented by using a local linear control scheme. Firstly, sufficient conditions are established to realize cluster synchronization of the Lurie dynamical networks without time delay. Then, the notion of the cluster synchronized region is introduced, and some conditions guaranteeing the cluster synchronized region and unbounded cluster synchro- nized region are derived. Furthermore, the cluster synchronization and cluster synchronized region in the Lurie dynamical networks with time-varying delay are considered. Numerical examples are finally provided to verify and illustrate the theoretical results.     

Implementation of the direct demodulation method for natural gamma ray spectral logging

Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation （DD） method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company＇s natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.     

烃类结构族的红外光谱分析 Ⅰ.正构烷烃的测定

正构烷的红外光谱彼此十分接近,尤其在碳数较高时很难鉴别。本文根据它们的结构特点和CH_2与CH_3基变形振动吸收位置以及吸收率恒定的特征,提出了利用722厘米~(-1)和1380厘米~(-1)两吸收带光密度的比值同相应基团CH_2和CH_3数目的比值之间的线性关系,进行结构基团的定量测定方法,郎比值法。考察了光谱狭缝宽度的影响。这个方法毋需准确计量浓度和繁杂计算,可以简便准确地鉴定单纯正构烷烃的碳数n,或混合物的平均基团含量。C_6—C_(22)间11个标定化合物的分析结果表明,碳数n的测定偏差一般不超过半个碳原子,CH_3%偏差小于1%。同平均吸收卒法比较,比值法比较简单准确。