FTIR结合生理特性研究镉胁迫对果灰藓的影响

苔藓植物可作为监测环境中重金属污染的指示植物。以苔藓植物果灰藓为实验材料,用不同浓度的重金属镉处理7 d后,借助傅里叶红外光谱法(FTIR)分析重金属镉胁迫下果灰藓各化学成分的变化,同时测定可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(Pr)、丙二醛(MDA)含量在镉胁迫下的生理指标。结果表明：随着镉处理浓度的升高,可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,丙二醛含量先下降后上升。FTIR与果灰藓响应重金属镉胁迫的各生理指标变化趋势较一致,且FTIR比传统的生理指标测定更敏感、便捷。因此,FTIR可以作为研究苔藓植物应用于环境重金属污染监测的一种快速、有效的方法。     

Field—ion microscopy observation of single—walled carbon nanotubes

Field-ion microscopy(FIM),a tool for surface analysis with atomic resolution,has been employed to observe the end structure of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs).FIM images revealed the existence of open SWCNT ends,Amorphous carbon atoms were also observed to occur around SWCNTs and traditional field evaporation failed to remove them.Heat treatment was found to be efficacious in altering the end structures of SWCNT bundles.Carbon and oxygen atoms released from heated tungsten filament are believed to be responsible for the decoration imposed on the SWCNT ends.     

关于声子的定义及性质

本文通过求解简谐近似的哈密顿量Ｈ０的本征值方程，得出晶格振动能量量子化的结论，引出声子概念．然后对声子的性质进行讨论，并与光子、经典气体的性质作比较，以便揭示声子的基本特性．     

核设施退役的政策与系统分析

在引入核设施退役基本概念的基础上，从政策科学的角度，分析了我国当前核退役工作中存在于政策、管理和程序方面的问题，根据退很的物理过程，研究了退役工程经济、导出了经费估计方法和公式，指出必须根据辐射防护最优化的原则，对退役工程作代价利益分析，才能作出相应的决策。     

Real-time three-dimensional infrared imaging using fringe projection profilometry

Infrared thermography determines the surface temperature of an object or human body. It is a promising imaging technology for medical and biological observations due to its contactless and completely non- invasive properties. However, traditional two-dimensional （2D） infrared thermography cannot retain the spatial information, and thus provides only qualitative diagnosis information. A novel real-time three- dimensional （3D） infrared imaging system which takes full advantages of high-speed, high-quality, high- sensitivity, and low-cost in 3D thermograph is presented. We demonstrate the real-time 3D thermal imaging at the speed of 24 frmnes per second （fps）, with resolution of 640 ×480 points. Experimental results demonstrate quantitatively measurement of temperature distribution of 3D surfaces in real-time is realized with this system.     

Slowly moving matter--wave gap soliton propagation in weak random nonlinear potential

We systematically investigate the motion of slowly moving matter--wave gap solitons in a nonlinear potential, produced by the weak random spatial variation of the atomic scattering length. With the weak randomness, we construct an effective-particle theory to study the motion of gap solitons. Based on the effective-particle theory, the effect of the randomness on gap solitons is obtained, and the motion of gap solitons is finally solved. Moreover, the analytic results for the general behaviours of gap soliton motion, such as the ensemble-average speed and the reflection probability depending on the weak randomness are obtained. We find that with the increase of the random strength the ensemble-average speed of gap solitons decreases slowly where the reduction is proportional to the variance of the weak randomness, and the reflection probability becomes larger. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations based on the Gross--Pitaevskii equation.     

宁波市连续3次降雪过程的对比分析

利用NCEP/NCAR 4 times daily格点资料、探空和人工测站实况观测等资料,分别从大尺度形势场、水汽、温度特征等方面,对2012年12月中下旬到2013年1月初宁波市连续3次降雪过程进行了对比分析.结果表明：（1）3次降雪过程的大范围形势场在中高纬度上基本相同,但第1次过程南支槽强度明显偏弱.3次过程的冷空气影响路径分别是西北路、西路和东路.（2）中低层的水汽输送为第3次过程的持续性降雪提供了充足的水汽.（3）后2次过程都满足了降雪的基本温度条件,且有明显的逆温层.2012年12月29日降雪过程的雨雪相变临界温度为2 ℃.     

新标准下宁波市近60年气温变化特征分析

利用1953～2013年宁波地区逐日气温观测资料,根据1981～2010年新30 a标准,分析了宁波市年平均气温、季平均气温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温、高温日数、低温日数等要素的变化趋势和特征,在此基础上统计了暖冬、冷冬、酷暑、凉夏的出现次数.通过统计分析发现：近60 a来宁波市的年平均气温、季平均气温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温都表现出增暖趋势,增温最明显的时段集中在20世纪90年代至今,春季增温最为明显,冬季次之,夏季增温幅度最小;极端最低气温升温速率比极端最高气温略快,高温日数增加,低温日数减少,暖冬和酷暑出现的次数远高于90年代以前.气温变化特征说明,20世纪90年代以来宁波市增暖是明确的,并具有自身的变化特征.     

An improved effective liquid drop model for cluster radioactivity

The effective liquid drop model(ELDM) is improved by introducing an accurate nuclear charge radius formula and an analytic expression for assaulting frequency. Within the improved effective liquid drop model(IMELDM), the experimental cluster radioactivity half-lives of the trans-lead region are calculated. It is shown that the accuracy of the IMELDM is improved compared with that of the ELDM. At last, the cluster radioactivity half-lives that are experimentally unavailable for the trans-lead nuc...     

基于拉曼光谱结合CNN-LSTM深度学习方法的铁皮石斛总黄酮含量快速检测研究

铁皮石斛具有很高的商业价值和营养价值,将云南文山、广西金秀、安徽霍山、浙江台州四个产地共130个样品作为研究样本,在785 nm激光下利用便携式拉曼光谱仪获得了铁皮石斛拉曼光谱,采用NaNO₂-Al(NO₃)₃-NaOH比色法测定铁皮石斛总黄酮含量。以每条经过归一化后的拉曼光谱数据作为输入,利用Savitzky-Golay卷积平滑(SG平滑)、标准正态变量变换(SNV)、多元散射校正(MSC)等不同预处理方法对光谱数据进行处理,以偏最小二乘(PLS)、支持向量机(SVM)和卷积神经网络-长短期记忆神经网络(CNN-LSTM)模型作为比较,竞争自适应重加权采样(CARS)作为波长选择方法,对不同的机器学习模型进行比较研究。采用以下预测质量指标：校正集、测试集相关系数(R_c、R_p),校正集、测试集均方根误差(RMSEC、 RMSEP),评价铁皮石斛总黄酮含量预测模型的性能。结果表明：光谱在经过SNV预处理之后,CNN-LSTM方法预测铁皮石斛总黄酮含量准确率最高,R_c