重离子治癌终端的束流强度及剂量监测系统

 为实现重离子肿瘤治疗临床实验中对照射束流状态的实时监测,研制了束流强度及剂量监测系统,包括积分电离室、后续电流频率转换电路及LabVIEW数据获取处理三部分。利用闪烁体探测器和标准剂量计测试了系统的线性响应和得到剂量的准确性,结果表明：系统在束流临床照射流强范围内的线性响应好于90%,其实时反馈的临床照射剂量偏差小于5%。同时束流强度及剂量监测系统与安全控制系统相结合,保证束流照射状态满足临床照射的安全要求。     

Study of time resolution by digital methods with a DRS4 module

A new Digital Pulse Processing(DPP) module has been developed, based on a domino ring sampler version 4 chip(DRS4), with good time resolution for La Br3 detectors, and different digital timing analysis methods for processing the raw detector signals are reported. The module, composed of an eight channel DRS4 chip, was used as the readout electronics and acquisition system to process the output signals from XP20D0 photomultiplier tubes(PMTs). Two PMTs were coupled with La Br3 scintillators and placed on opposite sides of a radioactive positron22 Na source for 511 ke V γ-ray tests. By analyzing the raw data acquired by the module, the best coincidence timing resolution is about 194.7 ps(FWHM), obtained by the digital constant fraction discrimination(d CFD) method,which is better than other digital methods and analysis methods based on conventional analog systems which have been tested. The results indicate that it is a promising approach to better localize the positron annihilation in positron emission tomography(PET) with time of flight(TOF), as well as for scintillation timing measurement,such as in TOF-?E and TOF-E systems for particle identification, with picosecond accuracy timing measurement.Furthermore, this module is more simple and convenient than other systems.     

一种新型低噪声大动态范围小型前端电路的研制

设计了一款小型化、低噪声、大动态范围的前端处理电路,包括电荷灵敏前放、成形放大电路、单道脉冲幅度分析电路。前放的等效输入噪声≤1.5 keV,动态范围可达0~11 V,积分非线性 ≤0.11%。该电路为模块化电路,当前放与主放模块构成系统时,其分辨可以达到0.12%。当前放、主放模块与中国科学院近代物理研究所制作的离子注入型硅探测器构成系统时,采用239Pu 源进行测试,测得在5.157 MeV时的能量分辨约为0.82%;当主放、单道脉冲幅度分析模块与中国科学院近代物理研究所制作的碘化铯晶体探测器构成系统时,采用60Co 源进行测试,对于能量为1.332 MeV 的 射线,测得其能量分辨约为7.9%。该电路可用于半导体探测器、光电倍增管及电子倍增器等探测器信号的处理。目前,小型前端电路已经应用于中国科学院近代物理研究所自行研制的便携式盐湖卤水铀、钍、钾快速测量仪的原型样机,达到了预期效果。A small dimension front-end circuit with low noise and wide output dynamic range is introduced in this paper. The front-end circuit is made up of a charge sensitive preamplifier, a shaping circuit and a single channel pulse height analyzer. The equivalent input noise is under 1.5 keV. The output integral nonlinearity is less than 0.11% within the dynamic range of 011 V. And the circuit can be suitable for different conditions by different modules. The resolution was about 0.12% with the charge sensitive preamplifier and the main amplifier. The energy resolution of 0.82% was achieved for 5.157 MeV -rays from a 239Pu source with the charge sensitive preamplifier, the main amplifier and anion-injection silicon detector designed by the Institute of Modern Physics(IMP). An energy resolution of 7.9% was achieved for 1.332 MeV rays from a stationary 60Co source with the main amplifier, the single channel pulse height analyzer and a CsI scintillator detector designed by the IMP. The front-end circuit has the features of wide output dynamic range, simple structure, high level of integration,small dimensions, low noise, fast rise time of the output pulse and excellent stability. The front-end circuit can be applied to signal processing of semiconductor detectors, photomultiplier tubes and electrons multiplier. And the front-end circuit had been applied to a prototype of the portable rapid measuring instrument designed by IMP for measuring Uranium, Thorium and Potassium in the salt lake brine with goodtest result.     

中能重离子微束辐照装置的研制

微束辐照装置是将辐照样品的束斑缩小到微米量级, 能够对辐照粒子进行准确定位和精确计数的实验平台, 是开展辐照材料学、辐照生物学、辐照生物医学以及微加工的有力工具. 中国科学院近代物理研究所(IMP)正在研制中能重离子微束辐照装置. 该装置以兰州重离子加速器(HIRFL)系统提供的中能和低能重离子束流为基础, 采用磁聚焦方式形成微米束. 束运线上两台铅垂方向的偏转磁铁辅以四极磁铁构成对称消色差系统, 将束流导向地下室, 再用高梯度的三组合四极透镜强聚焦形成微米束斑, 在真空中或大气中辐照样品. 它将成为国内首台能够提供从低能(10MeV/u)到中能(100MeV/u)的重离子微束的公共实验平台, 用于定位、定量照射靶物质(生物细胞、组织或其它非生物材料等), 有助于深入揭示重离子与物质相互作用的本质, 也为探索重离子辐照效应的应用提供新的手段.     

基于大功率LED的中子墙光刻度系统

光刻度系统是中子墙探测器系统的重要组成部分, 用于中子墙前端电子学的刻度和探测器工作性能变化的监测. 通过对基于发光二极管(LED)作为光源的中子墙光刻度系统方案开展了细致的测试研究, 确定了基于快脉冲驱动的大功率蓝光LED(3W)的中子墙光刻度系统方案, 对中子墙探测单元进行了初步刻度测试, 刻度结果能很好地满足光刻度要求, 表明对于快塑料闪烁体探测器该方案是一种较为理想的方案.     

Design of the IMP microbeam irradiation system for 100 MeV/u heavy ions

A state-of-the-art high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation system is constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This microbeam system operates in both full current intensity mode and single ion mode. It delivers a predefined number of ions to pre-selected targets for research in biology and material science. The characteristic of this microbeam system is high energy and vertical irradiation. A quadrupole focusing system, in combination with a series of slits, has been designed to optimize the spatial resolution. A symmetrically achromatic system leads the beam downwards and serves simultaneously as an energy analyzer. A high gradient quadrupole triplet finally focuses a C^6＋ ion beam to 1 μm in the vacuum chamber within the energy range from 10 MeV/u to 100 MeV/u. In this paper, the IMP microbeam system is described in detail. A systematic investigation of the ion beam optics of this microbeam system is presented together with the associated aberrations. Comparison is made between the IMP microbeam system and the other existing systems to further discuss the performance of this microbeam. Then the optimized initial beam parameters are given for high resolution and high hitting efficiency. At last, the experiment platform is briefly introduced.     

微束辐照装置及其在生物和材料领域中的应用

自从20世纪50年代开始利用微束辐照生物活细胞以来,由于微束独特的辐照特征, 其在生物学、 材料学、 生物医学、航空航天科学、环境科学、地质学、微加工等领域得到了广泛的应用。 在前人大量研究的基础上, 对微束装置及其应用进行总结概括。 展望了微束的发展趋势并简单介绍中国科学院近代物理研究所正在兴建的中高能重离子微束辐照装置。 Collimated proton microbeam has been used to irradiate the biological living cells since 1850s. Due to its unique characteristic in irradiation, microbeam has been extensively applied to many research fields,such as biology, material science, biomedicine,aeronautics and stronautics, environmental science, geology,micromachining and so on. Based on the much research of predecessors, the microbeam facilities and their corresponding applications are summarized in this paper. At last,prospects on the development trend of microbeam are made, and the intermediate energy and high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation facility being constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is briefly introduced.     

碳离子的光谱和能级寿命的测定

利用束箔技术研究能量为１１０ｋｅＶ的Ｃ＋离子与厚度为８．５μｇ／ｃｍ２的碳箔相互作用激发放出的辐射光，这些光经鉴定主要来自ＣⅠ－ＣⅢ离子的激发辐射光。测量顺着箔后的激发辐射光的衰变曲线，得到几条较强谱线的能级寿命     

单电离态Kr原子强跃迁能级振子强度的研究

阐述了用束-箔方法通过测量单电离态Kr原子强跃迁谱线的能级寿命来 确定振子强度f-值的方法,并对确定出的强跃迁谱线的能级吸收振子强度进行简要讨 论。     

高电离态Ti原子EUV光谱的实验研究

在中国原子能研究院HI-13串列加速器上用束-箔技术完成了80 MeV Ti离子和C箔相互作用产生的高电离态离子谱观测,与用激光等离子体技术的实验结果做了比较，大多数谱线与激光等离子体技术的实验结果有较好的符合，有3条谱线是未观测到的.这几条谱线为ⅩⅧ 13.406，ⅩⅧ 14.987，17.439nm, 属于2s2p^{2 4}P_3/2—2p^{3 2}D_3/2, 2s2p^{2 1}S₀—2sp^{3 1}P₁, 4p ¹P₀—5d ¹P₁跃迁. 关键词： 串列加速器 高电荷态原子 激发光谱