深冷温区应变强化S30408奥氏体不锈钢马氏体相变研究北大核心

对S30408奥氏体不锈钢进行室温应变强化,在深冷温区(77K^4.2K)进一步时效处理,利用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了应变诱发和热诱发马氏体相变的微观特征,探讨了马氏体相变的微观机理。结果表明:马氏体相变的含量、微观形貌、形核特征和位错组态随着预应变量的增加和温度的降低而改变,且应变强化比温度对相变的影响要大。诱发马氏体与母相奥氏体的位相关系符合K-S关系,其相变的微观机理为γ(fcc)→ε(hcp)、γ(fcc)→α'(bcc)、γ(fcc)→ε(hcp)→α'(bcc)、γ(fcc)→形变孪晶→α'(bcc)。     

Analytical solutions to edge effect of composite laminates based on symplectic dual system

In the symplectic space composed of the original variables, displacements, and their dual variables, stresses, the symplectic solution for the composite laminates based on the Pipes-Pagano model is established in this paper. In contrast to the traditional technique using only one kind of variables, the symplectic dual variables include displacement components as well as stress components. Therefore, the compatibility conditions of displacement and stress at interfaces can be formulated simultaneously. After being introduced into the symplectic dual system, the uniform schemes, such as the separation of variables and symplectic eigenfunction expansion method, can be implemented conveniently to analyze composite laminate problems. An analytical solution for the free edge effect of composite laminates is obtained, showing the effectiveness of the symplectic dual method in analyzing composite laminates.     

多颗粒在牛顿流体中沉降的模拟研究

采用格子Boltzmann-虚拟区域方法对多颗粒在牛顿流体中沉降的过程进行了直接数值模拟,颗粒之间的碰撞采用弹性力模型。考察了颗粒初始间距、雷诺数对颗粒沉降形态及沉降速度等的影响。结果表明,奇数与偶数颗粒群的沉降形态及沉降速度差异较大。对于奇数颗粒群(5个),当雷诺数较低时颗粒群呈"凹"形沉降,而当雷诺数增大时中间颗粒会脱离颗粒群,剩下的颗粒群或呈"凹"形或呈"凸"形,这与初始间距有关,文献中仅获得雷诺数较低时的情况。对于偶数颗粒群(6个),当雷诺数较小时呈"凸"形沉降,而当雷诺数增大时颗粒会发生"DKT(DriftingKissing-Tumbling)"现象,且当初始间距增大时发生"DKT"的对象不再是靠近壁面的颗粒对,已有文献中没有观察到这一现象。     

A pure spin-current injector of semiconductor quantum dots with Andreev reflection and Rashba spin-orbit coupling

We propose a four-terminal device consisting of two parallel quantum dots with Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI), coupled to two side superconductor leads and two common ferromagnetic leads, respectively. The two ferromagnetic leads and two quantum dots form a ring threaded by Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux. This device possesses normal quasiparticle transmission between the two ferromagnetic leads, and normal and crossed Andreev reflections providing conductive holes. For the appropriate spin polarization of the ferromagnetic leads, RSOI and AB flux, the pure spin-up (or spin-down) current without net charge current in the right lead, which is due to the equal numbers of electrons and holes with the same spin-polarization moving along the same direction, can be obtained by adjusting the gate voltage, which may be used in practice as a pure spin-current injector.     

一类具有内部存储的非均匀恒化器模型的共存解

本文研究一类具有内部存储的非均匀恒化器模型正平衡解的存在性.由于模型中比率项的奇性,通常的线性化方法、分歧理论等均不适用.为克服比率项的奇性,首先建立模型正平衡解细致的先验估计,该估计表明模型的正平衡解含于一个特殊的锥内.然后借助于一类非线性特征值问题的主特征值及锥上的不动点指标理论给出了模型正平衡解存在的充分条件.     

多烯链平均π电子离域能的递变函数研究

离域能或共振能ED是一个共轭多烯体系中π电子能Eπ与相应数目n个孤立乙烯双键中π电子能总和nEπ之差量[1],即ED=Eπ-nEπ(c=c),由于离域能随双键数目增加而逐渐增大,大小不同的多烯链化合物总离域能不便比较.蒋明谦曾提出了著名的有机结构型性能的同系线性规律,他用多烯链每一个碳碳键上的平均离域能(或每个碳碳双键上的平均离域能)对同系因子(1/α)2/n作图,发现二者均具有良好的直线关系,如H(CH=CH)nH系列,碳碳双键上的平均离域能与同系因子成线性关系,相关系数为0.994,H(CH=CH)nC+H2系列,碳碳键上的平均离域能与同系因子线性相关,相关系数亦为0.994[2].但对于不同系列而言,碳碳键上的离域能和碳碳双键上的离域能不便比较.     

过渡金属氧化物界面二维电子气及其超导电性研究

过渡金属氧化物异质界面形成的二维电子气(2DEG)因其丰富的物理性质而备受研究人员关注,其中最具代表性的是能带绝缘体LaAlO₃和SrTiO₃形成的界面.此界面高迁移率的2DEG展现出超导电性、铁磁性、超导和铁磁共存等性质,其他过渡金属氧化物界面系统也显示出高迁移率和类似的新奇量子现象.本文主要介绍过渡金属氧化物异质界面2DEG的超导电性及其研究进展,并着重展示近年来北京师范大学在本领域取得的研究成果.     

基于韧性度的低轨卫星通信网络抗毁性度量及优化

低轨卫星通信网络的抗毁性是描述网络安全可靠的有效工具,在网络体系结构设计和路由策略等领域得到了广泛的应用。根据低轨卫星通信网络中卫星在轨道平面内移动,需要不断进行切换的特点,从建立抗毁性测度模型以及网络抗毁性优化两个角度来评估和提高网络抗毁性,提出一种基于韧性度的低轨卫星通信网络抗毁性度量方法。通过对移动模型以及切换模型的结构分析,对每种结构以一定概率出现的低轨卫星通信网络,应用韧性度函数,求得网络在某个时刻及某一段时间段内的抗毁性,并针对切换模型的不足之处进行优化,用赋权韧性度来体现优化的效果,得到了优化后的网络抗毁性。以铱星系统为应用实例进行仿真,结果表明:任意时刻网络的抗毁性跟拓扑结构的韧性度值有关,并且是一种线性关系,即随着韧性度的增加,其抗毁性也增加。通过对铱星通信系统切换模型的优化,网络的抗毁性与平均抗毁性都得到了提升,说明本文所构建模型的有效性和实用性。     

Vortex Structures and Behavior of a Flow Past Two Rotating Circular Cylinders Arranged Side-by-Side

We present a study on the vortex structures and behavior of a flow past two rotating circular cylinders arranged side-by-side at a range of absolute rotational speeds （｜a｜≤2） for two different gap spacings g＊= 1.5 and 0.7 at Reynolds numbers Re = 160 and 200. The results show that the flow becomes stabilized and finally steady beyond the critical rotational speed as ｜a｜ increases, regardless of the variation in Re and g＊. The value of critical rotational speed increases with increasing Re. The wake patterns change in the unsteady regimes for g＊ =1.5 and 0.7. With increasing ｜a｜, the time-averaged drag coemcient CD decreases and the lift coemcient CL increases, respectively. CD at Re = 160 and g＊ = 0.7 decreases rapidly, resulting in the smallest value at the same ｜a｜ for 1 ≤ ｜a｜≤ 2. CD augments with increasing g＊ at the same ｜a｜. For g＊=1.5, CD has a little disparity between the cases of Re= 160 and 200. For the flow past two still cylinders, CL is inversely proportional to g＊ of two cylinders for a fixed ｜a｜, and is not dependent on Re.     

基于辛对偶体系的层合板自由边缘效应的分析解

在原变量——位移和其对偶变量——应力组成的辛几何空间,建立了Pipes-Pagano模型的复合材料层合板问题的辛对偶求解体系．与传统的单类变量不同,辛对偶变量有利于同时描述层间位移连续性条件和应力平衡条件．进入辛对偶体系以后,就可以应用辛对偶体系的统一解析求解方法,如分离变量和辛本征展开的方法对层合板问题进行解析分析和求解．对层合板自由边缘效应的分析求解,验证了辛对偶体系的方法对层合板问题的分析求解是十分有效的．